Detection device and nucleic acid extraction method

Abstract

Detection device and nucleic acid extraction method are disclosed. The detection device includes body chamber including first and second surfaces oppositely arranged, cover, piston rotatable plate and piston. The first surface is open. Sub-chambers are provided in circumferential direction of body chamber. End of each sub-chamber away from first surface has first opening. The cover is arranged on the first surface and has second opening connecting first sub-chamber. The piston rotatable plate includes cylindrical structure connected to the second surface, and includes first and second accommodating chambers connected via connecting channel along axial direction of the cylindrical structure. Third surface of the piston rotatable plate facing the body chamber includes at least one third opening connecting the first accommodating chamber. The piston is in slidable connection into the second accommodating chamber, and is synchronously rotatable with the piston rotatable plate in circumferential direction of the second accommodating chamber.

1 . A detection device, comprising: a body chamber, a cover, a piston rotatable plate, and a piston;
 wherein the body chamber comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other, and the first surface is an open surface; along a circumferential direction of the body chamber, the body chamber comprises a plurality of sub-chambers, and an end of each of the plurality of sub-chambers that is away from the first surface is provided with a first opening;   the cover is provided to cover the first surface of the body chamber, and a second opening is arranged on the cover, the second opening is configured to connect with a first sub-chamber of the plurality of sub-chambers;   the piston rotatable plate comprises a cylindrical structure connected to the second surface of the body chamber; in an axial direction of the cylindrical structure, the piston rotatable plate comprises a first accommodating chamber and a second accommodating chamber, the first accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber are connected with each other via a connecting channel, and a third surface of the piston rotatable plate facing to the body chamber comprises at least one third opening in connection with the first accommodating chamber; and   the piston is in slidable connection into the second accommodating chamber in an axial direction of the second accommodating chamber, and the piston is synchronously rotatable with the piston rotatable plate in a circumferential direction of the second accommodating chamber.   
     
     
         2 . The detection device according to  claim 1 , wherein in the circumferential direction of the body chamber, the second surface of the body chamber is provided with at least one concentric annular groove recessed toward an interior of the body chamber, each annular groove is provided with at least one first opening, and each third opening is in slidable connection into a corresponding one annular groove. 
     
     
         3 . The detection device according to  claim 2 , wherein the at least one annular groove comprises a first annular groove and a second annular groove, the first opening comprises a first sub-opening located at the first annular groove and at least one second sub-opening located at the second annular groove, the at least one second sub-opening is arranged to be spaced apart on the second annular groove. 
     
     
         4 . The detection device according to  claim 3 , wherein an orthographic projection of the first sub-opening onto the second annular groove is located between two adjacent second sub-openings. 
     
     
         5 . The detection device according to  claim 3 , wherein the at least one third opening comprises a fourth sub-opening and a fifth sub-opening, the fourth sub-opening is in slidable connection into the first annular groove and the fifth sub-opening is in slidable connection into the second annular groove, a first pipeline is arranged between the fourth sub-opening and the first accommodating chamber, and a second pipeline is arranged between the fifth sub-opening and the first accommodating chamber. 
     
     
         6 . The detection device according to  claim 5 , wherein a first filtering membrane is arranged in the first pipeline, the first filtering membrane is fixed on an inner wall of the first pipeline, and an orthographic projection of the first filtering membrane in an axial direction of the first pipeline fully covers the first pipeline. 
     
     
         7 . The detection device according to  claim 1 , wherein a second filtering membrane is arranged in the connecting channel between the first accommodating chamber and the second accommodating chamber, the second filtering membrane is fixed on an inner wall of the connecting channel, and an orthographic projection of the second filtering membrane in an axial direction of the connecting channel fully covers the connecting channel. 
     
     
         8 . The detection device according to  claim 5 , wherein the at least one annular groove further comprises a third annular groove, the at least one third opening further comprises a sixth sub-opening and a seventh sub-opening in slidable connection into the third annular groove, the sixth sub-opening and the seventh sub-opening are arranged to be spaced apart from each other, and a channel is arranged between the sixth sub-opening and the seventh sub-opening. 
     
     
         9 . The detection device according to  claim 8 , wherein the plurality of sub-chambers comprise a second sub-chamber, a side wall of the second sub-chamber is provided with a first outlet and a first inlet, a first opening located in the second sub-chamber comprises a second inlet and a second outlet, a pipeline for connecting the first inlet and the second outlet and a pipeline for connecting the second inlet and the first outlet are arranged in the second sub-chamber, and the second inlet and the second outlet are arranged on the third annular groove. 
     
     
         10 . The detection device according to  claim 1 , wherein a clamping slot is arranged at a center of the third surface, and a connecting column that fits with the clamping slot is arranged at a center of the second surface. 
     
     
         11 . The detection device according to  claim 10 , wherein the connecting column extends to the first surface, an end of the connecting column away from the second surface is arranged to be flush with the first surface, and the plurality of sub-chambers are arranged around the connecting column; and
 the connecting column is a hollow structure, and the cover is provided with a fourth opening in connection with a center of the connecting column.   
     
     
         12 . The detection device according to  claim 2 , wherein the first opening comprises at least two connecting pieces connected against each other, which are formed by cutting at a first position of the annular groove, the third opening is made of an elastic material, and a length of the third opening in a direction perpendicular to the third surface is greater than or equal to a depth of the annular groove. 
     
     
         13 . The detection device according to  claim 12 , wherein the first position of the annular groove is recessed towards the interior of the body chamber to be a first groove, the first opening comprises at least two connecting pieces connected against each other, which are formed by cutting at a bottom portion of the first groove, the third opening is made of an elastic material, the length of the third opening in the direction perpendicular to the third surface is greater than the depth of the annular groove, and the length of the third opening in the direction perpendicular to the third surface is greater than or equal to a depth of the first groove. 
     
     
         14 . The detection device according to  claim 1 , wherein a plurality of first projections are arranged at intervals on at least one inner wall of the sub-chamber. 
     
     
         15 . The detection device according to  claim 14 , wherein at least one pillar is arranged at a bottom wall of the sub-chamber located at the second surface, and a plurality of second projections are provided at intervals on a peripheral surface of the at least one pillar. 
     
     
         16 . The detection device according to  claim 1 , wherein a plurality of third projections are arranged at intervals on an inner wall of the first accommodating chamber. 
     
     
         17 . The detection device according to  claim 1 , wherein the piston comprises a movable portion and a transmission portion connected to the movable portion, the movable portion extends into the second accommodating chamber, an orthographic projection of the movable portion in the axial direction of the second accommodating chamber fully covers the second accommodating chamber, the transmission portion is located outside the second accommodating chamber, and the transmission portion comprises a transmission gear. 
     
     
         18 . The detection device according to  claim 17 , wherein a sliding groove is arranged on the inner wall of the second accommodating chamber along the axial direction of the second accommodating chamber, and a sliding block that fits the sliding groove is arranged on a peripheral surface of the movable portion. 
     
     
         19 . The detection device according to  claim 17 , wherein the movable portion is made of an elastic material, and a cross-sectional shape of the movable portion is consistent with a shape of the second accommodating chamber in a direction parallel to the first surface. 
     
     
         20 . A nucleic acid extraction method, wherein a detection is performed by using the detection device according to  claim 1 , a magnet structure is contained in a clamping slot of the piston rotatable plate, the first sub-chamber is a sample chamber for containing a magnetic bead buffer solution, and the plurality of sub-chambers further comprise: a first reagent chamber for containing a binding solution, a second reagent chamber for containing a cleaning solution, a third reagent chamber for containing an eluent, a waste liquid chamber, a PCR reagent chamber for containing a PCR reagent, and a detection chamber for containing a detection chip;
 the method comprises:   placing a sample into the sample chamber, to cause the sample to be mixed with the magnetic bead buffer solution to obtain a first magnetic bead mixed solution;   rotating the piston thereby driving the piston rotatable plate to rotate synchronously, to cause the third opening of the piston rotatable plate to be opposite to a first opening of the sample chamber; moving the piston in a direction away from the first accommodating chamber, to cause the magnetic bead mixed solution to enter the first accommodating chamber; and adsorbing magnetic beads by the magnet structure;   rotating the piston rotatable plate, to cause the third opening to be opposite to a first opening of the waste liquid chamber; and moving the piston in a direction towards the first accommodating chamber, to cause waste liquid from which the magnetic beads is separated to enter the waste liquid chamber;   rotating the piston rotatable plate, to cause the third opening to be opposite to a first opening of the first reagent chamber; moving the piston in the direction away from the first accommodating chamber, to cause the binding solution in the first reagent chamber to enter the first accommodating chamber; and releasing the adsorbed magnetic beads by the magnet structure, so that the magnetic beads are mixed with the binding solution to obtain a second mixed solution;   rotating the piston rotatable plate, to cause the third opening to be opposite to the first opening of the waste liquid chamber; adsorbing the magnetic beads by the magnet structure; and moving the piston in the direction towards the first accommodating chamber, to cause waste liquid from which the magnetic beads is separated to enter the waste liquid chamber;   rotating the piston rotatable plate, to cause the third opening to be opposite to a first opening of the second reagent chamber; moving the piston in the direction away from the first accommodating chamber, to cause the cleaning solution in the second reagent chamber to enter the first accommodating chamber; and releasing the adsorbed magnetic beads by the magnet structure, so that the magnetic beads are mixed with the cleaning solution to obtain a third mixed solution;   rotating the piston rotatable plate, to cause the third opening to be opposite to the first opening of the waste liquid chamber; adsorbing the magnetic beads by the magnet structure; moving the piston in the direction towards the first accommodating chamber, to cause waste liquid from which the magnetic beads is separated to enter the waste liquid chamber;   rotating the piston rotatable plate, to cause the third opening to be opposite to a first opening of the third reagent chamber; moving the piston in the direction away from the first accommodating chamber, to cause the eluent in the third reagent chamber to enter the first accommodating chamber; and releasing the adsorbed magnetic beads by the magnet structure, so that the magnetic beads is mixed with the eluent and nucleic acid are separated from the magnetic beads to obtain a nucleic acid mixed solution;   rotating the piston rotatable plate, to cause the third opening to be opposite to a first opening of the PCR reagent chamber; moving the piston in the direction towards the first accommodating chamber, to cause the nucleic acid mixed solution to enter the PCR reagent chamber, wherein the nucleic acid mixed solution mixes with the PCR reagent in the PCR reagent chamber to obtain a PCR reagent mixed solution;   moving the piston in the direction away from the first accommodating chamber, to cause the PCR reagent mixed solution to enter the first accommodating chamber; and   rotating the piston rotatable plate and moving the piston is the direction towards the first accommodating chamber, to cause the PCR reagent mixed solution to enter a detection region for detection.