Antimicrobial modified material for treatment of fluids

Abstract

A method for treating a fluid is provided. Particles are coated with quaternary ammonium or phosphonium compounds (“quats”). Fluid is passed over the particles. The biocidal properties of the quats treats the fluid.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A marine paint comprising:
 less than 5% (wt) water;   greater than or equal to 3% (wt) of at least one quaternary ammonium salt;   12%±6% (wt) talc;   12%±6% (wt) of a polymer formed from an epoxy resin and bisphenol A;   12%±6% (wt) barium sulfate;   12%±6% (wt) titanium dioxide;   12%±6% (wt) a silicate;   11%±6% (wt) butanol;   5%±4% (wt) of a hydrocarbon solvent;   15%±12% (wt) of an arene solvent;   0-0.2% (wt) of triethylene tetramine;   0-22% (wt) of p-chloro-a, a, a,-trifluorotoluene; and   0-2% (wt) of an organic alcohol.   
     
     
         2 . The marine paint as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the at least one quaternary ammonium salt is present at a concentration of at least 5% (wt). 
     
     
         3 . The marine paint as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the at least one quaternary ammonium salt is present at a concentration of at least 10% (wt). 
     
     
         4 . The marine paint as recited in  claim 1 , wherein the silicate is mica. 
     
     
         5 . The marine paint as recited in  claim 4 , wherein the arene solvent comprises one or more arenes selected from the group consisting of o-xylene, m-xylene, o-xylene, 1,2,4-trimethyl benzene, ethylbenzene and combinations thereof. 
     
     
         6 . The marine paint as recited in  claim 4 , wherein the hydrocarbon solvent is petroleum naphtha. 
     
     
         7 . The marine paint as recited in  claim 4 , wherein the at least one quaternary ammonium salt is a benzalkonium halide. 
     
     
         8 . The marine paint as recited in  claim 4 , wherein the at least one quaternary ammonium salt comprises a dimethylbenzalkonium halide with an alkane having C8, C10, C12, C14, C16 or C18 carbons. 
     
     
         9 . The marine paint as recited in  claim 4 , wherein the at least one quaternary ammonium salt comprises a C12 dimethylbenzalkonium halide, a C14 dimethylbenzalkonium halide and a C16 dimethylbenzalkonium halide. 
     
     
         10 . The marine paint as recited in  claim 4 , wherein the at least one quaternary ammonium salt comprises didecyldimethylammonium. 
     
     
         11 . The marine paint as recited in  claim 4 , wherein the marine paint is copper-free and silver-free. 
     
     
         12 . A composition of matter comprising:
 a plurality of porous media particles;   a coating disposed on an external surface of the porous media particles within the plurality of porous media particles, the coating formed from:
 applying the marine paint as recited in  claim 1  to the external surface; and 
 waiting for the marine paint to dry, thereby forming the coating. 
   
     
     
         13 . The composition of matter as recited in  claim 12 , wherein the at least one quaternary ammonium salt is present at a concentration of at least 5% (wt). 
     
     
         14 . The composition of matter as recited in  claim 12 , wherein the at least one quaternary ammonium salt is present at a concentration of at least 10% (wt). 
     
     
         15 . The composition of matter as recited in  claim 12 , wherein the plurality of porous media particles are pea-gravel with a diameter of 0.64 cm to 1.3 cm. 
     
     
         16 . The composition of matter as recited in  claim 12 , wherein the marine paint is silicon-free, copper-free and silver-free. 
     
     
         17 . A marine paint comprising:
 less than 5% (wt) water;   greater than or equal to 5% (wt) of at least one quaternary ammonium salt;   12%±6% (wt) of a polymer formed from an epoxy resin and bisphenol A;   12%±6% (wt) barium sulfate;   12%±6% (wt) a silicate;   5%±4% (wt) of a hydrocarbon solvent;   15%±12% (wt) of an arene solvent;   0-0.2% (wt) of triethylene tetramine;   0-22% (wt) of p-chloro-a, a, a,-trifluorotoluene; and   0-2% (wt) of an organic alcohol.   
     
     
         18 . The composition of matter as recited in  claim 17 , wherein the at least one quaternary ammonium salt is present at a concentration of at least 10% (wt). 
     
     
         19 . The composition of matter as recited in  claim 18 , wherein the silicate is mica. 
     
     
         20 . A marine paint comprising:
 less than 5% (wt) water;   greater than or equal to 5% (wt) of at least one quaternary ammonium salt;   12%±6% (wt) of a polymer formed from an epoxy resin and bisphenol A; and   12%±6% (wt) a silicate.