Microbial composite reagent and preparation method thereof, and method for removing perfluorooctanoic acid

Abstract

A microbial composite reagent, a preparation method thereof, and a method for removing perfluorooctanoic acid are disclosed. The preparation method of the microbial composite reagent includes steps of: preparing a glucose-based carbonaceous material by pyrolyzing glucose at 400° C. to 1000° C. for at least 0.5 hours under a protective atmosphere; mixing perfluorooctanoic acid-contaminated soil with a basal medium, molasses, a vitamin B, and water, and subjecting the mixture to microbial acclimation under an anaerobic condition to obtain an acclimated microorganism solution; subjecting the glucose-based carbonaceous material to microbial loading by anaerobically mixing the glucose-based carbonaceous material with the acclimated microorganism solution, thereby obtaining the microbial composite reagent.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A method for preparing a microbial composite reagent, comprising steps of:
 preparing a glucose-based carbonaceous material by pyrolyzing glucose at a temperature in a range from 400° C. to 1000° C. for at least 0.5 hours under a protective atmosphere;   mixing perfluorooctanoic acid-contaminated soil with a basal medium, molasses, a vitamin B, and water to obtain a mixture, and subjecting the mixture to microbial acclimation under an anaerobic condition to obtain an acclimated microorganism solution;   subjecting the glucose-based carbonaceous material to microbial loading by anaerobically mixing the glucose-based carbonaceous material with the acclimated microorganism solution, thereby obtaining the microbial composite reagent.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein in the step of preparing the glucose-based carbonaceous material, the pyrolysis lasts for 2 hours to 3 hours. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein a concentration of perfluorooctanoic acid in the perfluorooctanoic acid-contaminated soil is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.5 mg/L. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein corresponding to every 10 parts by mass of the perfluorooctanoic acid-contaminated soil, an amount of the basal medium is in a range from 9 parts by mass to 18 parts by mass, an amount of molasses is in a range from 0.5 parts by mass to 5 parts by mass, an amount of the vitamin B is in a range from 0.1 parts by mass to 1 part by mass, and an amount of water is in a range from 500 parts by mass to 1000 parts by mass. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the vitamin B comprises vitamin B12, and/or the basal medium comprises a nutrient broth. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the microbial acclimation lasts for 5 days to 10 days, and a temperature of the microbial acclimation is in a range from 20° C. to 35° C. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein a concentration of the glucose-based carbonaceous material in the microbial composite reagent is in a range from 0.1 g/L to 1 g/L. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the perfluorooctanoic acid-contaminated soil comprises microorganisms of  Dehalobacter  and/or  Desulfovibrio.    
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein the perfluorooctanoic acid-contaminated soil further comprises microorganisms of  Sedimentibacter, Clostridium _ sensu _ stricto _8 , Azobacter, Fonticella , or any combinations thereof. 
     
     
         10 . A microbial composite reagent, comprising a glucose-based carbonaceous material and an acclimated microorganism solution, wherein the microorganism solution comprises perfluorooctanoic acid-contaminated soil, a basal medium, molasses, a vitamin B, and water;
 wherein a specific surface area of the glucose-based carbonaceous material is in a range from 10.817 m 2 /g to 105.719 m 2 /g, and an intensity ratio of the D peak to the G peak in a Raman spectrum of the glucose-based carbonaceous material is in a range from 0.63 to 1.20.   
     
     
         11 . The microbial composite reagent of  claim 10 , wherein a concentration of the glucose-based carbonaceous material in the microbial composite reagent is in a range from 0.1 g/L to 1 g/L. 
     
     
         12 . The microbial composite reagent of  claim 10 , wherein a concentration of perfluorooctanoic acid in the perfluorooctanoic acid-contaminated soil is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.5 mg/L. 
     
     
         13 . The microbial composite reagent of  claim 10 , wherein corresponding to every 10 parts by mass of the perfluorooctanoic acid-contaminated soil, an amount of the basal medium is in a range from 9 parts by mass to 18 parts by mass, an amount of the molasses is in a range from 0.5 parts by mass to 5 parts by mass, an amount of the vitamin B is in a range from 0.1 parts by mass to 1 part by mass, and an amount of the water is in a range from 500 parts by mass to 1000 parts by mass. 
     
     
         14 . The microbial composite reagent of  claim 10 , wherein the vitamin B comprises vitamin B12, and/or the basal medium comprises a nutrient broth. 
     
     
         15 . The microbial composite reagent of  claim 10 , wherein the perfluorooctanoic acid-contaminated soil comprises microorganisms of  Dehalobacter  and/or  Desulfovibrio.    
     
     
         16 . The microbial composite reagent of  claim 15 , wherein the perfluorooctanoic acid-contaminated soil further comprises microorganisms of  Sedimentibacter, Clostridium _ sensu _ stricto _8 , Azobacter, Fonticella , or any combinations thereof. 
     
     
         17 . A method for removing perfluorooctanoic acid, comprising a step of:
 treating a pollution source with a microbial composite reagent to remove perfluorooctanoic acid from the pollution source;   wherein the microbial composite reagent is prepared by the method of  claim 1 .   
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein an initial concentration of the perfluorooctanoic acid in the pollution source is in a range from 0.1 mg/L to 5 mg/L. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein the pollution source comprises contaminated soil and/or contaminated groundwater, and a volume ratio of the microbial composite reagent to the pollution source is in a range from 1:10 to 1:20. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 17 , wherein a time period of treating the pollution source with the microbial composite reagent is greater than 20 days.