Workpiece conveyance apparatus, cylindrical grinding apparatus, and deviation amount correction method

Abstract

The workpiece conveyance apparatus includes a clamp mechanism including a pair of claw sections that clamps the workpiece, a turning mechanism configured to turn the clamp mechanism in a state of clamping the workpiece, and an X-ray apparatus configured to measure a crystal plane orientation of the workpiece clamped between a spindle pipe sleeve and a tail pipe sleeve of the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body in a state in which a center axis of the workpiece and a rotation axis of the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body coincide and output a correction value for correcting a deviation amount of a crystal axis of the workpiece with respect to the rotation axis of the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A workpiece conveyance apparatus that conveys a columnar workpiece to be machined to a cylindrical grinding apparatus main body, the workpiece conveyance apparatus comprising:
 a clamp mechanism including a pair of claw sections that clamps the workpiece;   a turning mechanism configured to turn the clamp mechanism in a state of clamping the workpiece; and   an X-ray apparatus configured to measure a crystal plane orientation of the workpiece clamped between a spindle pipe sleeve and a tail pipe sleeve of the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body in a state in which a center axis of the workpiece and a rotation axis of the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body coincide and output a correction value for correcting a deviation amount of a crystal axis of the workpiece with respect to the rotation axis of the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body, wherein   when the rotation axis of the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body is represented as an X axis, an axis orthogonal to the X axis is represented as a Y axis, and an axis orthogonal to a plane including the X axis and the Y axis is represented as a Z axis,   the turning mechanism turns, around a θ axis passing a center of the workpiece clamped by the clamp mechanism and extending in the Z-axis direction, the clamp mechanism in the state of clamping the workpiece by an angle corresponding to the correction value.   
     
     
         2 . The workpiece conveyance apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein
 the clamp mechanism includes a claw section moving mechanism that moves the pair of claw sections in a direction in which the pair of claw sections approaches each other or a direction in which the pair of claw sections separates from each other;   the claw section moving mechanism clamps the workpiece by, in the Y-axis direction, moving the pair of claw sections in a direction in which the pair of claw sections approaches each other and bringing the pair of claw sections into contact with an outer peripheral surface of the workpiece.   
     
     
         3 . The workpiece conveyance apparatus according to  claim 2 , wherein the moving mechanism includes:
 a first moving mechanism configured to move the clamp mechanism in the Z-axis direction;   a second moving mechanism configured to move the clamp mechanism and the first moving mechanism in the Y-axis direction; and   a third moving mechanism configured to move the clamp mechanism, the first moving mechanism, and the second moving mechanism in the X-axis direction.   
     
     
         4 . The workpiece conveyance apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein the pair of claw sections respectively includes first contact sections that come into contact with lower parts of the workpiece when the pair of claw sections has moved in a direction in which the pair of claw sections approaches each other and second contact sections that come into contact with upper parts of the workpiece when the pair of claw sections has moved in the direction in which the pair of claw sections approaches each other. 
     
     
         5 . The workpiece conveyance apparatus according to  claim 4 , wherein the pair of claw sections respectively includes taper surfaces opened in a V shape toward each other, the taper surfaces functioning as the first contact sections and the second contact sections. 
     
     
         6 . The workpiece conveyance apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein the moving mechanism moves the clamp mechanism with the workpiece clamped until the center axis of the workpiece and the rotation axis of the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body coincide between a spindle and a tail included in the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body. 
     
     
         7 . The workpiece conveyance apparatus according to  claim 6 , wherein the moving mechanism further moves the clamp mechanism with the workpiece clamped until one end face of the workpiece abuts the spindle. 
     
     
         8 . The workpiece conveyance apparatus according to  claim 1 , wherein the pair of claw sections clamps a center of length of the workpiece. 
     
     
         9 . A cylindrical grinding apparatus comprising:
 a cylindrical grinding apparatus main body; and   a workpiece conveyance apparatus configured to convey a columnar workpiece to be machined to the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body,   the workpiece conveyance apparatus including:
 a clamp mechanism including a pair of claw sections that clamps the workpiece; 
 a turning mechanism configured to turn the clamp mechanism in a state of clamping the workpiece; and 
 an X-ray apparatus configured to measure a crystal plane orientation of the workpiece clamped between a spindle pipe sleeve and a tail pipe sleeve of the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body in a state in which a center axis of the workpiece and a rotation axis of the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body coincide and output a correction value for correcting a deviation amount of a crystal axis of the workpiece with respect to the rotation axis of the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body, wherein 
   when the rotation axis of the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body is represented as an X axis, an axis orthogonal to the X axis is represented as a Y axis, and an axis orthogonal to a plane including the X axis and the Y axis is represented as a Z axis,   the turning mechanism turns, around a θ axis passing a center of the workpiece clamped by the clamp mechanism and extending in the Z-axis direction, the clamp mechanism in the state of clamping the workpiece by an angle corresponding to the correction value.   
     
     
         10 . A deviation amount correction method for correcting a deviation amount of the clamped workpiece with respect to the rotation axis of the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body by using the workpiece conveyance apparatus according to  claim 1 , the deviation amount correction method comprising:
 a measurement step of measuring a crystal plane orientation of the workpiece clamped and located in a reference position in a state in which the spindle pipe sleeve of the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body is in contact with a top side end face of the columnar workpiece to be machined and the tail pipe sleeve of the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body is in contact with a bottom side end face of the workpiece and a crystal plane orientation of the workpiece rotated a predetermined angle from the reference position and outputting a correction value for correcting a deviation amount of the crystal axis of the workpiece with respect to the rotation axis of the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body; and   a deviation amount correction step of controlling the turning mechanism such that the deviation amount is eliminated.   
     
     
         11 . The deviation amount correction method according to  claim 10 , wherein the measurement step and the deviation amount correction step are repeatedly executed until the deviation amount of the workpiece after the deviation amount correction step decreases to a set value or less. 
     
     
         12 . The deviation amount correction method according to  claim 10 , wherein
 the deviation amount is a deviation angle of the crystal axis of the workpiece with respect to the rotation axis of the cylindrical grinding apparatus main body, and   in the deviation amount correction step, the turning mechanism is controlled such that the clamp mechanism with the workpiece clamped turns by the deviation angle.