Use of hemimellitic acid ester as a base oil for lubricant compositions

Abstract

A use of a hemimellitic acid ester of formula I as a base oil a lubricant composition for lubricating tribological systems. In some embodiments, R1, R2 and R3, are independently of one another: a C5 to C20 aromatic group, a C5 to C20 cycloalkyl group, an unsubstituted, branched or unbranched C1 to C20 alkyl group, and/or a C1 to C5 alkyl group comprising at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of cycloalkyl groups and aromatic groups. In some embodiments, the hemimellitic acid ester of formula I is provided as a mixture of different compounds of formula I and/or the hemimellitic acid ester of formula I comprises groups R1, R2 and R3 at least partially differing from one another.

1 . A use of a hemimellitic acid ester of the following general formula I 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 1 , R 2  and R 3 , are independently of one another:
 a C 5  to C 20  aromatic group, a C 5  to C 20  cycloalkyl group, an unsubstituted, branched or unbranched C 1  to C 20  alkyl group, and/or a C 1  to C 5  alkyl group comprising at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of cycloalkyl groups and aromatic groups 
 
         wherein the hemimellitic acid ester of formula I is provided as a mixture of different compounds of formula I and/or the hemimellitic acid ester of formula I comprises groups R 1 , R 2  and R 3  at least partially differing from one another, 
       
       as a base oil of a lubricant composition for lubricating tribological systems. 
     
     
         2 . The use according to  claim 1 , wherein the hemimellitic acid ester of formula I is at least partially bio-based. 
     
     
         3 . The use according to  claim 1 , wherein the lubricant composition includes at least 10 wt. %, from 10 to 100 wt. % from 10 to 95 wt. %, at least 15 wt. %, from 15 wt. % to 95 wt. %, at least 20 wt. %, and/or from 20 wt. % to 95 wt. % bio-based carbon, in relation to the overall weight of organic carbon in the lubricant composition. 
     
     
         4 . The use according to  claim 1 , wherein the hemimellitic acid ester of formula I includes at least 30 wt. %, from 30 to 100 wt. %, at least 40 wt. %, from 40 wt. % to 100 wt. %, at least 50 wt. %, and/or from 50 wt. % to 100 wt. % bio-based carbon, in relation to the overall weight of the hemimellitic acid ester of formula I in the lubricant composition. 
     
     
         5 . The use according to  claim 1 , wherein the acid component of the hemimellitic acid ester of formula I includes at least 30 wt. %, at least 40 wt. %, from 40 wt. % to 100 wt. %, at least 50 wt. %, and/or from 50 wt. % to 100 wt. % bio-based carbon, in relation to the overall weight of the acid components of the hemimellitic acid ester of formula I in the lubricant composition. 
     
     
         6 . The use according to  claim 1 , wherein at least one residue R 1 , R 2  and/or R 3  is an unsubstituted, branched or unbranched C 5  to C 20  alkyl group, a C 6  to C 18  alkyl group and/or, a C 8  to C 18  alkyl group. 
     
     
         7 . The use according to  claim 1 , wherein at least one residue R 1 , R 2  and/or R 3  is a C 1  to C 3  alkyl group a C 1  to C 2  alkyl group, wherein the alkyl group includes at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of C 5  to C 15  cycloalkyl groups and C 5  to C 15  aromatic groups. 
     
     
         8 . The use according to  claim 1 , wherein at least one group R 1 , R 2  and/or R 3  is a methyl group, ethyl group or a propyl group substituted with at least one C 5  to C 15  cycloalkyl group or with at least one C 5  to C 15  aromatic group. 
     
     
         9 . The use according to  claim 1 , wherein at least one residue R 1 , R 2  and/or R 3  is selected from the group consisting of octanyl, ethy lhexanyl, nonanyl, decanyl, undecanyl, dodecanyl, isotridecyl, tricyclodecanmethyl, and furfuryl. 
     
     
         10 - 11 . (canceled) 
     
     
         12 . The use according to  claim 1 , wherein the residues R 1 , R 2  and R 3  independently of one another include no other atoms but carbon and hydrogen. 
     
     
         13 . The use according to  claim 1 , wherein the lubricant composition includes the hemimellitic acid ester of formula I in an amount of 20 wt. % to 90 wt. %, from 25 wt. % to 70 wt. %, from 25 wt. % to 60 wt. %, and/or from 30 wt. % to 50 wt. %, each in relation to the overall weight of the lubricant composition. 
     
     
         14 . The use according to  claim 1 , wherein the hemimellitic acid ester of formula I has a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. in the range from 30 mm 2 /s to 150 mm 2 /s. 
     
     
         15 . The use according to  claim 1 , wherein the lubricant composition includes 5 to 50 wt. %, from 15 to 35 wt. % and/or from 15 to 30 wt. % polyisobutylene in relation to the overall weight of the lubricant composition. 
     
     
         16 . The use according to  claim 1 , wherein the lubricant composition is provided in the form of an oil formulation and includes at least one further base oil in a proportion of 10 wt. % to 50 wt. %, and/or from 10 wt. % to 40 wt. %, in relation to the overall weight of the lubricant composition, or
 wherein the lubricant composition is provided as a grease formulation and includes at least one further base oil in a proportion of 10 wt. % to 50 wt. %, from 25 wt. % to 50 wt. % and/or from 30 wt. % to 50 wt. %, in relation to the overall weight of the lubricant composition.   
     
     
         17 . The use according to  claim 16 , wherein the further base oil is selected from esters, esters of an aromatic and/or aliphatic di-, tri- or tetracarboxylic acid with one C 7  to C 22  alcohols, esters of trimethylolpropane, pentaerythrite or dipentaerythrite with aliphatic C 7  to C 22  carboxylic acid, esters of C 18  dimer acids with C 7  to C 22  alcohols, complex esters, as individual components or in any desired mixture, and triglycerides and/or estolides, polyalphaolefins, polyethers and/or mineral oils. 
     
     
         18 . A lubricant composition, formed as an oil formulation, the lubricant composition comprising:
 20 wt. % to 90 wt. %, and/or 50 wt. % to 85 wt. % hemimellitic acid ester of the following general formula I   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 1 , R 2  and R 3 , are independently of one another:
 an unsubstituted, branched or unbranched C 1  to C 20  alkyl group, a C 5  to C 20  aromatic group, a C 5  to C 20  cycloalkyl group, and/or a C 1  to C 5  alkyl group comprising at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of cycloalkyl groups and aromatic groups 
 
         wherein the hemimellitic acid ester of formula I is provided as a mixture of different compounds of formula I and/or the hemimellitic acid ester of formula I comprises residues R 1 , R 2  and R 3  at least partially differing from on another, as a base oil; 
         5 wt. % to 50 wt. %, and/or 10 wt. % to 50 wt. % polyisobutylene; and 
         0.1 wt. % to 8 wt. % additives. 
       
     
     
         19 . A lubricant composition, formed as a grease formulation, the lubricant composition comprising:
 20 wt. % to 90 wt. % hemimellitic acid ester of the following general formula I   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 1 , R 2  and R 3 , are independently of one another:
 an unsubstituted, branched or unbranched C 1  to C 20  alkyl group, a C 5  to C 20  aromatic group, a C 5  to C 20  cycloalkyl group, and/or a C 1  to C 5  alkyl group comprising at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of cycloalkyl groups and aromatic groups, 
 
         wherein the hemimellitic acid ester of formula I is provided as a mixture of different compounds of formula I and/or the hemimellitic acid ester of formula I comprises residues R 1 , R 2  and R 3  at least partially differing from one another, as a base oil;; 
         3 to 30 wt. % thickening agent; and 
         0.1 to 8 wt. % additives. 
       
     
     
         20 . A lubricant composition, formed as a grease formulation, the lubricant composition comprising:
 20 wt. % to 70 wt. % hemimellitic acid ester of the following general formula I   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein R 1 , R 2  and R 3 , are independently of one another;
 an unsubstituted, branched or unbranched C 1  to C 20  alkyl group, a C 5  to C 20  aromatic group, a C 5  to C 20  cycloalkyl group, and/or a C 1  to C 5  alkyl group comprising at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of cycloalkyl groups and aromatic groups, 
 
         wherein the hemimellitic acid ester of formula I is provided as a mixture of different compounds of formula I and/or the hemimellitic acid ester of formula I comprises residues R 1 , R 2  and R 3  at least partially differing from one another, as a base oil;; 
         3 to 30 wt. % thickening agent; 
         10 wt. % to 50 wt. % at least one further base oil; and 
         0.1 to 8 wt. % additives. 
       
     
     
         21 . The lubricant composition according to  claim 17 , wherein the lubricant composition, formed as a grease formulation, further comprises 10 wt. % to 40 wt. % polyisobutylene. 
     
     
         22 . The lubricant composition according to  claim 18 , wherein the lubricant composition, formed as a grease formulation, further comprises 10 wt. % to 40 wt. % polyisobutylene.