Device and method for grinding a profile

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device ( 1 ) for grinding a profile of a rail track intended for rail-bound vehicles using a grinding body. The support is arranged on the device ( 1 ) for translatory movement in a plane transverse to the profile by means of a guide ( 12 ) and can be applied against the profile by a contact element ( 13, 14 ) such that the support carrying the grinding body automatically aligns itself in the transverse plane in respect of the profile and in respect of the device ( 1 ). Furthermore, the support for the grinding body can be moved in a translatory oscillating manner parallel to a longitudinal axis of the profile during rotational movement, such that a profile section is worked by the grinding body multiple times and the grinding outcome is substantially improved by the translatory movement.

1 . A device configured as a rail-bound vehicle for grinding a profile with a running surface and a side surface defining the profile, the device comprising:
 at least one profiled grinding body that is capable of being driven in a rotationally movable and/or oscillating manner about an axis of rotation, which is wherein the at least one grinding body is concave at least in some portions, and wherein the axis of rotation is capable of being positioned so as to be inclined with an orientation relative to a vertical plane and/or relative to a horizontal plane,   a support arranged on the device so as to be movable in a translational manner in a transverse plane relative to the profile and/or relative to a feed direction via a guide, wherein the at least one grinding body is arranged on the support, and   at least one contact element that is coupled to the support and is capable of being applied against the profile in a region of a contact surface of the profile, wherein the support with the grinding body is automatically aligned thereby in the transverse plane relative to the profile and relative to the device, and wherein the axis of rotation of the at least one grinding body, with a transverse axis relative to a longitudinal axis of the profile, spans a plane which intersects at least one contact surface of the at least one contact element on the profile.   
     
     
         2 . The device as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein a plane of the axis of rotation of the grinding body is located parallel to a cross-sectional plane of the profile. 
     
     
         3 . The device as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein a plane of the axis of rotation of the grinding body encloses an acute angle with a cross-sectional plane of the profile, so that the axis of rotation of the grinding body has a trailing or leading orientation relative to the feed direction of the device relative to the profile. 
     
     
         4 . The device as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the at least one contact element and the axis of rotation are kinematically coupled with each other such that, during a grinding process, an orientation of the axis of rotation relative to the profile is constant, with a change in an orientation of the axis of rotation relative to the contact element. 
     
     
         5 . The device as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the axis of rotation is movable about a virtual pivot axis for adjusting the orientation of the axis of rotation relative to the vertical plane and/or relative to the horizontal plane, wherein an instantaneous center of rotation is located on a side of the running surface and/or side surface to be machined grinded off of the profile facing away from the grinding body. 
     
     
         6 . The device as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the device comprises a plurality of grinding bodies that are movable relative to one another on the support in a same cross-sectional plane of the profile, and the support is configured to be movable relative to the device in the transverse plane for delivery relative to the side surface and/or the running surface. 
     
     
         7 . The device as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the support is automatically aligned due to an adjustable pretensioning force in the transverse plane relative to the profile and relative to the device. 
     
     
         8 . The device as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the grinding body can be pretensioned in a force-controlled manner relative to the profile. 
     
     
         9 . The device as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the axis of rotation of the grinding body is oriented with a lateral offset in a cross-sectional plane of the profile such that the axis of rotation does not intersect the profile. 
     
     
         10 . The device as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the device comprises a plurality of grinding bodies that are arranged one behind the other on one respective support in the feed direction, wherein the axes of rotation of the plurality of grinding bodies are oriented inclined to one another, and at least one contact element is assigned to each grinding body. 
     
     
         11 . The device as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein, in a cross-sectional plane thereof, the profile has a convex or planar surface divided into a plurality of surface portions to be grinded, wherein the device comprises a plurality of grinding bodies arranged with different inclination angles of respective axes of rotation for machining different surface portions, wherein at least one grinding body has a concave contouring. 
     
     
         12 . The device as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the orientation of the axis of rotation for trailing or leading machining is inclined relative to a cross-sectional plane of the profile and relative to the feed direction. 
     
     
         13 . The device as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the at least one grinding body has a concave machining surface on a front face, with a cutting edge that is geometrically undefined. 
     
     
         14 . The device as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein, via a control, a pressing force of the grinding body is adjustable relative to the profile as a function of a torque acting on the axis of rotation and/or a feed rate of the device. 
     
     
         15 . The device as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein, during a rotating and/or oscillating movement of the grinding body, the support is configured to be movable in a reversible translational manner in a plane parallel to a main extent of the profile. 
     
     
         16 . The device as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the axis of rotation of the at least one grinding body encloses an acute angle with the longitudinal axis of the profile. 
     
     
         17 . The device as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the at least one grinding body and/or the support is capable of being driven in the rotational manner or the translational manner by at least one electrical and/or hydraulic drive of the device. 
     
     
         18 . The device as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein a rotational or oscillating movement of the at least one grinding body and a translational movement of the support are synchronized by a kinematic coupling. 
     
     
         19 . A method for grinding a profile the method comprising:
 driving at least one profiled grinding body in a rotational movement and/or oscillating movement about an axis of rotation, and   applying an adjustable pretensioning force on the grinding body against the profile in a force-controlled manner, wherein at least one contact element is aligned as an abutment with the at least one grinding body, in a common plane of a flux of force of reaction forces that act as the profile is being grinded.   
     
     
         20 . The method as claimed in  claim 19 , wherein an orientation of the axis of rotation relative to a vertical plane and/or relative to a horizontal plane of the axis of rotation of the at least one grinding body is changed during the machining of the profile. 
     
     
         21 . The method as claimed in  claim 19 , wherein the grinding of the profile is carried out in a same direction or an opposing direction. 
     
     
         22 . The method as claimed in  claim 19 , wherein the at least one grinding body is arranged on a support, and during the rotational or oscillating movement of the at least one grinding body, the support is driven at least temporarily in a reversing translational manner for introducing a superimposed movement in a plane parallel to a longitudinal axis of the profile. 
     
     
         23 . The method as claimed in  claim 22 , wherein a rotational speed and/or a frequency of the rotational or oscillating movement of the at least one grinding body is changed in a region of reversal points of the reversing translational movement of the support. 
     
     
         24 . The method as claimed in  claim 19 , wherein the at least one grinding body is driven in synchronism at a lower rotational speed or frequency in a direction of travel than counter to the direction of travel, or is driven at a higher rotational speed or frequency in the direction of travel than counter to the direction of travel. 
     
     
         25 . The method as claimed in  claim 22 , wherein the rotational or oscillating movement of the at least one grinding body and the translational movement of the support are kinematically coupled together. 
     
     
         26 . The method as claimed in  claim 19 , wherein material is initially removed on the profile by milling at least in a sub-region of a transverse profile of the profile, wherein the removal is carried out up to an oversize, relative to a reference size, and then the oversize is at least partially removed by grinding. 
     
     
         27 . The method as claimed in  claim 19 , wherein the pretensioning force is adjusted based on measured values of a rotational speed, a feed rate, a pressing force, and/or a torque of the grinding body.