Fuels

Abstract

The use of at one or more additives to reduce the filter blocking tendency of a fuel composition having a tendency to block filters, wherein the fuel composition comprises a renewable diesel component and a biodiesel component; and wherein the one or more additives are selected from (a) a copolymer comprising units of formula (I): and units of formula (II): wherein R is an alkyl group and each of R 1 and R 2 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms; (b) the reaction product of a polycarboxylic acid having at least one tertiary amino group and a primary or secondary amine; and (c) the reaction product of secondary amines and a copolymer of maleic anhydride and an α-olefin.

1 . The use of at one or more additives to reduce the filter blocking tendency of a fuel composition having a tendency to block filters, wherein the fuel composition comprises a renewable diesel component and a biodiesel component; and wherein the one or more additives are selected from
 (a) a copolymer comprising units of formula (I):   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         and units of formula (II): 
       
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein R is an alkyl group and each of R 1  and R 2  is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms;
 (b) the reaction product of a polycarboxylic acid having at least one tertiary amino group and a primary or secondary amine; and 
 (c) the reaction product of secondary amines and a copolymer of maleic anhydride and an α-olefin. 
 
     
     
         2 . A method of reducing the filter blocking tendency of a fuel composition having a tendency to block filters and which comprises a biodiesel component and a renewable diesel component, the method comprising dosing into the fuel one or more additives selected from
 (a) a copolymer comprising units of formula (I):   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       and units of formula (II): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein R is an alkyl group and each of R 1  and R 2  is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms;
 (b) the reaction product of a polycarboxylic acid having at least one tertiary amino group and a primary or secondary amine; and 
 (c) the reaction product of secondary amines and a copolymer of maleic anhydride and an α-olefin. 
 
     
     
         3 . A fuel composition comprising a renewable diesel component, a biodiesel component and one or more additives; wherein the fuel composition has a reduced filter blocking tendency compared with an otherwise identical fuel composition which does not comprise the one or more additives and has a tendency to block filters; and wherein the one or more additives are selected from
 (a) a copolymer comprising units of formula (I):   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       and units of formula (II): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein R is an alkyl group and each of R 1  and R 2  is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms;
 (b) the reaction product of a polycarboxylic acid having at least one tertiary amino group and a primary or secondary amine; and 
 (c) the reaction product of secondary amines and a copolymer of maleic anhydride and an α-olefin. 
 
     
     
         4 . The method according to  claim 2 , wherein each of R 1  and R 2  is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 8 to 14 carbon atoms. 
     
     
         5 . The method according to  claim 2 , wherein the one or more additives comprise component (a). 
     
     
         6 . The method according to  claim 2 , wherein the one or more additives comprise component (b). 
     
     
         7 . The method according to  claim 2 , wherein the one or more additives comprise component (c). 
     
     
         8 . The method according to  claim 2 , wherein the one or additives comprise a copolymer comprising units of formula (I): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       and units of formula (II): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein R is an alkyl group each of R 1  and R 2  is an alkyl group having 10 to 14 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms and which copolymer has a number average molecular weight of 4000 to 25000, preferably 5000 to 20000, more preferably 6000 to 15000. 
     
     
         9 . The method according to  claim 8  wherein the copolymer comprises from 40 to 60 mol % of units of formula (I) and from 60 to 40 mol % of units of formula (II). 
     
     
         10 . The method according to  claim 2 , comprise the reaction product of 1 mole of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid and 4 moles of hydrogenated tallow fatty amine. 
     
     
         11 . The method according to  claim 2 , wherein the one or more additives comprise the reaction product of a copolymer of maleic anhydride and a C18 α-olefin and 2 equivalents of ditallow fatty amine. 
     
     
         12 . The method according to  claim 2 , wherein the fuel composition comprises from 1 to 40 vol % (preferably from 5 to 35 vol %) of a biodiesel component and from 60 to 99 vol % (preferably from 65 to 95 vol %) of a renewable diesel component. 
     
     
         13 . The method according to  claim 2 , which provides a reduced filter blocking tendency as measured by the Canadian Cold Soak Filter Blocking Tendency test CAN/CGSB-3.0 No. 142.0-2019, modified as set out in example 2. 
     
     
         14 . The composition according to  claim 3 , which has a filter blocking tendency of less than 2 as measured by the Canadian Cold Soak Filter Blocking Tendency test CAN/CGSB-3.0 No. 142.0-2019, modified as set out in example 2. 
     
     
         15 . The composition according to  claim 3 , wherein each of R 1  and R 2  is an alkyl or alkenyl group having 8 to 14 carbon atoms. 
     
     
         16 . The composition according to  claim 3 , wherein the one or more additives comprise component (a). 
     
     
         17 . The composition according to  claim 3 , wherein the one or more additives comprise component (b). 
     
     
         18 . The composition according to  claim 3 , wherein the one or more additives comprise component (c). 
     
     
         19 . The composition according to  claim 3 , wherein the one or additives comprise a copolymer comprising units of formula (I): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       and units of formula (II): 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein R is an alkyl group each of R 1  and R 2  is an alkyl group having 10 to 14 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms and which copolymer has a number average molecular weight of 4000 to 25000, preferably 5000 to 20000, more preferably 6000 to 15000. 
     
     
         20 . The composition according to  claim 19  wherein the copolymer comprises from 40 to 60 mol % of units of formula (I) and from 60 to 40 mol % of units of formula (II).