Smoke-Producing Compositions

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to non-toxic smoke-producing compositions for producing colored smoke. In particular, the smoke-producing compositions are free from organic dyes from the family of anthraquinones (or derivatives). The smoke-producing compositions can be used to prepare pyrotechnic devices suitable for use in the military and civilian fields.

1 . A smoke-producing composition comprising, relative to the total weight of the composition:
 from 12 to 40% by weight of potassium chlorate;   from 12 to 40% by weight of lactose;   from 30 to 60% by weight of a non-salified sublimable organic dye in powder form;   
       wherein the sublimable organic dye:
 has a sublimation temperature of less than 450° C., the sublimation temperature being less than the decomposition temperature of the sublimable organic dye; 
 has a decomposition temperature higher than the combustion temperature of the smoke-producing composition; and 
 is selected from the group consisting of dyes from the family of thioxanthenes, nitrobenzamines, perylenes, benzimidozoles, naphthols, terephthalates, phthalocyanines, violanthrones, xanthenes, the dyes Solvent Yellow 14, Solvent Red 25, Pigment Red 1 and Solvent Yellow 56 from the azobenzene family, the dyes Vat Blue 5, Pigment Yellow 154 and Pigment Yellow 175 from the pyrazolinone family, the dyes Pigment Blue 66, Solvent Blue 2 and mixtures thereof. 
 
     
     
         2 . The smoke-producing composition according to  claim 1 , wherein the sublimable organic dye is selected from the group consisting of Solvent Green 4, Pigment Yellow 65, Pigment Green 8, Solvent Green 5, Solvent Red 196, Pigment Red 194, Solvent Yellow 14, Solvent Red 25, Pigment Red 1, Solvent Yellow 56, Pigment Red 170, Solvent Yellow 155, Pigment Yellow 175, Pigment Green 7, Solvent Yellow 98, Solvent Blue 70, Solvent Blue 67, Vat Blue 20, Vat Green 1, Vat Green 2, Vat Blue 16, Vat Blue 5, Pigment Yellow 154, Pigment Yellow 175, Pigment Blue 66, Solvent Blue 2 and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         3 . The smoke-producing composition according to  claim 1 , wherein the sublimable organic dye is selected from the group consisting of Solvent Green 5, Pigment Red 194, Solvent Yellow 14, Solvent Red 25, Pigment Green 7, Solvent Yellow 98, Vat Green 1, Vat Green 2, Pigment Blue 66 and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         4 . The smoke-producing composition according to  claim 1  further comprising additives selected from the group consisting of binders, phlegmatizers, combustion regulators, moisture absorbers, flame inhibitors and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         5 . The smoke-producing composition according to  claim 1  further comprising from 0.5 to 8% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, of a binder. 
     
     
         6 . The smoke-producing composition according to  claim 1  further comprising from 0.5 to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, of a phlegmatizer. 
     
     
         7 . The smoke-producing composition according to  claim 1 , wherein the sublimable organic dye is a powder whose particle size does not exceed 200 μm. 
     
     
         8 . The smoke-producing composition according to  claim 1 , wherein the decomposition temperature of the dye is higher than 200° C. 
     
     
         9 . The smoke-producing composition according to  claim 1  comprising:
 from 15 to 30% by weight of potassium chlorate; 
 from 20 to 32% by weight of lactose; 
 from 35 to 50% by weight of the sublimable organic dye. 
 
     
     
         10 . A pyrotechnic device comprising a smoke-producing composition according to  claim 1 . 
     
     
         11 . The pyrotechnic device according to  claim 10  selected from smoke grenades, signaling smoke or training smokes. 
     
     
         12 . Use of a pyrotechnic device according to  claim 10  for civil or military use.