Tool-holder cylinder and abrasive unit for surface machining of stone or ceramic materials

Abstract

Described is a tool-holder cylinder ( 100; 300 ) for supporting abrasive tools, designed to be attached to a head ( 71 ) of a machine tool for surface machining of ceramic and/or stone materials, wherein said head ( 71 ) is configured to rotate about a first axis (x) substantially parallel to a surface to be machined and coinciding with the axis of central symmetry of said cylinder ( 100; 300 ), said cylinder ( 100; 300 ) comprising an upper surface ( 120; 320 ), a lower surface ( 130; 330 ), and a side surface ( 160; 360 ) parallel to the first axis (x) and on which are formed a plurality of seats ( 111; 311 ) designed to house said abrasive tools by means of a dovetail coupling, characterised in that said seats ( 111; 311 ) have a first tapering which extends perpendicularly and away from the first axis (x), and a second tapering parallel to the first axis (x). The invention further relates to an abrasive unit comprising a cylinder of the said type and to a machine comprising said abrasive unit.

1 . A machine tool for lapping surface machining of ceramic and/or stone materials, comprising
 at least one head ( 71 ) configured to rotate about a first axis (x) substantially parallel to a surface to be machined, and mounted on   a support ( 70 ) configured to rotate about a second axis (z) perpendicular to the first axis (x) and to the surface to be machined, characterized in comprising   a tool-holder cylinder ( 100 ;  300 ) designed to be attached to the at least one head ( 71 ) so as to rotate about the first axis (x), and having   an axis of central symmetry coinciding with the first axis (x),   an upper surface ( 120 ;  320 ), a lower surface ( 130 ;  330 ), and   a side surface ( 160 ;  360 ) parallel to the first axis (x) and on which are formed a plurality of seats ( 111 ;  311 ) designed to house fickert abrasive tools for lapping operations, wherein   the seats ( 111 ;  311 ) house the abrasive tools by means of a dovetail coupling and have a first tapering which extends perpendicularly and away from the first axis (x), and a second tapering parallel to the first axis (x).   
     
     
         2 . The machine tool according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the second tapering extends towards the lower surface ( 130 ) of the cylinder ( 100 ). 
     
     
         3 . The machine tool according to  claim 1 , characterised in that the second tapering extends towards the upper surface ( 320 ) of the cylinder ( 300 ). 
     
     
         4 . The machine tool according to  claim 1 ,
 characterised in comprising   a cavity ( 132 ;  332 ) provided with an opening ( 131 ;  331 ) and configured to house said machine tool head ( 71 ), and in that it comprises   at least one hole ( 250 ;  340 ,  350 ) passing through its upper surface ( 120 ;  320 ).   
     
     
         5 . The machine tool according to  claim 4 , characterised in that the cavity ( 132 ;  332 ) has an inner side wall ( 133 ;  333 ) and a bottom wall ( 134 ;  334 ), opposite the opening ( 131 ;  331 ) and having a smaller diameter than the opening ( 131 ;  331 ), wherein
 the inner side wall ( 133 ;  333 ) comprises a first conical portion ( 135 ;  335 ), which starts at the bottom wall ( 134 ;  334 ) and whose diameter increases in the direction of the opening ( 131 ;  331 ), and a second portion ( 136 ;  336 ), cylindrical with constant diameter, which is contiguous with the first portion ( 135 ;  335 ) and ends at the opening ( 131 ;  331 ).   
     
     
         6 . The machine tool according to  claim 1 , wherein the head ( 71 ) of the machine tool has a top surface ( 711 ) and at least one hole ( 714 ) for inserting means for attaching to said cylinder ( 100 ). 
     
     
         7 . The machine tool according to  claim 6 , characterised in that it comprises a plate ( 8 ) designed to make contact with the abrasive tools inserted in the seats ( 111 ) and provided with a through hole ( 83 ), coaxial to the hole of the cylinder ( 300 ) and to the hole ( 714 ) of the head ( 71 ), for housing means for attaching to the head ( 71 ). 
     
     
         8 . The machine tool according to  claim 5 , wherein
 the head ( 71 ) of the machine tool has an upper surface ( 711 ) and at least one hole ( 714 ) for inserting attachment means, characterised in that it comprises   a spacer ( 9 ), designed to be interposed between the bottom wall ( 334 ) of the cavity ( 332 ) of the cylinder ( 300 ) and the upper surface ( 711 ) of the head ( 71 ) of the machine tool, and comprising   an upper face ( 91 ) designed to make contact with the bottom wall ( 334 ) of the cylinder ( 300 ),   a lower face ( 92 ), designed to make contact with the upper surface ( 711 ) of the head ( 71 ) and having a larger diameter than the upper face ( 91 ),   a side surface ( 90 ), designed to make contact with the first portion ( 335 ) of the inner side wall ( 333 ) of the cylinder ( 300 ),   a first hole ( 93 ), coaxial with the hole ( 340 ) of the cylinder ( 300 ), for housing means for attaching to the cylinder ( 300 ), and   at least a second hole ( 94 ), for housing means of attachment to the head ( 71 ).   
     
     
         9 . The machine tool according to  claim 8 , characterised in that it comprises a plate ( 8 ) designed to make contact with the upper surface ( 320 ) of the cylinder ( 300 ) and provided with a through hole ( 83 ), coaxial to the hole ( 340 ) of the cylinder ( 300 ) and to the first hole ( 93 ) of the spacer ( 9 ), for housing means for attachment to the spacer ( 9 ).