Liquid testing system and method

Abstract

The present application provides a method and system for the characterization of properties of liquids, particularly petroleum and petroleum liquids. The method and system can be used to take measurements of the liquid directly in a storage container, without exposing the contents of the container to the external environment.

1 - 46 . (canceled) 
     
     
         47 . A method of analyzing a sample directly in a container, comprising the steps of:
 providing a container   obtaining a sample to be analyzed in the container, the sample being obtained from a sample source;   performing one or more measurements on the sample directly in the container with a reader;   visually outputting the one or more measurements to a device.   
     
     
         48 . The method of  claim 47 , wherein the sample is a petroleum or petroleum liquid sample. 
     
     
         49 . The method of  claim 47 , wherein the sample is measured directly in the container without removal of sample from the container, such that the sample is not exposed to an external environment to the container. 
     
     
         50 . The method of  claim 47 , wherein the one or more measurements comprise weighing the sample, density or specific gravity, vapour pressure, sulphur content, water content, viscosity, colour, and/or refractive index. 
     
     
         51 . The method of  claim 50 , wherein the density of the sample is determined independent of the temperature at the time of measurement; or, wherein the density depends on the temperature at the time of sampling. 
     
     
         52 . The method of  claim 47 , wherein the sampling source is a pipeline, storage tank, tanker truck, or rail car. 
     
     
         53 . The method of  claim 47 , wherein two or more of the containers are positioned in an array, wherein each of the two or more containers are fluidly connected with each other, wherein the sample is provided in each of the two or more containers, such that the sample is capable of being analyzed in each of the two or more containers. 
     
     
         54 . The method of  claim 53 , wherein the method further comprises the step of:
 performing a replicate analysis of the sample in each of the two or more containers; or   performing a unique analysis of the sample in each of the two or more containers.   
     
     
         55 . The method of  claim 47 , wherein the one or more measurements comprise determining the vapour pressure of the sample. 
     
     
         56 . The method of  claim 55 , wherein the sample is obtained from the sample source at the pressure of the source, wherein the pressure of the sample is maintained during transport and/or testing of the sample. 
     
     
         57 . The method of  claim 47 , wherein the container is in communication with one or more other containers via a central processing unit (CPU), wherein the CPU optionally comprises one or more of the following characteristics:
 (i) the CPU is a cloud server which connects the one or more containers through the internet;   (ii) the CPU communicates with one or more readers connected to one or more containers;   (iii) the CPU communicates through a local connection; and   (iv) the CPU is integral with one or more of the containers, one or more readers, or both.   
     
     
         58 . The method of  claim 47 , wherein:
 (i) one or more of the containers and/or one or more of the readers comprise a processor for processing the one or more measurements to obtained processed data; optionally, wherein the processed data is in communication with an external device to display the processed data on a screen thereof; or   (ii) the measurements obtained from the sample are analyzed by external processors to obtain processed data; optionally, wherein the processed data is in communication with an external device to display the processed data on a screen thereof.   
     
     
         59 . The method of  claim 49 , wherein the sample is a petroleum sample. 
     
     
         60 . A system for analyzing a sample directly in a container, the system comprising:
 one or more sample containers for storing a sample to be analyzed, the sample being obtained from a sample source;   one or more sample readers for directly analyzing the sample in the one or more sample containers to provide one or more measurements of the sample.   
     
     
         61 . The system of  claim 60 , further comprising a reader for visualizing the one or more measurements. 
     
     
         62 . The system of  claim 60 , comprising two or more sample containers. 
     
     
         63 . The system of  claim 62 , further comprising one or more of the following characteristics:
 (i) the two or more sample containers are fluidly connected to each other;   (ii) the two or more sample containers are fluidly connected to each other and the sample is capable of being analyzed in each of the two or more containers;   (iii) the one or more measurements comprise weight of the sample, density or specific gravity, vapour pressure, sulphur content, water content, viscosity and/or refractive index; and   (iv) the system further comprises a processor.   
     
     
         64 . The system of  claim 60 , wherein the one or more sample containers are in communication with one or more other containers via a central processing unit (CPU), wherein the CPU optionally comprises one or more of the following characteristics:
 (i) the CPU is a cloud server which connects the one or more containers through the internet;   (ii) the CPU communicates through a local connection; and   (iii) the CPU is integral with one or more of the containers, one or more readers, or both.   
     
     
         65 . The system of  claim 60 , wherein:
 (i) one or more of the containers and/or one or more of the readers comprise a processor for processing the one or more measurements to obtained processed data; optionally, wherein the processed data is in communication with an external device to display the processed data on a screen thereof; or   (ii) the measurements obtained from the sample are analyzed by external processors to obtain processed data; optionally, wherein the processed data is in communication with an external device to display the processed data on a screen thereof.   
     
     
         66 . A method of analyzing a petroleum sample directly in a container, such that the sample is not exposed to an environment external to the container, comprising the steps of:
 (a) providing a container, the container comprising:
 a sample chamber capable of being fluidly connected to a sample source for flow-through sampling, and 
 a measurement chamber, wherein the measurement chamber is capable of being fluidly connected to the sample chamber, 
 the sample chamber comprising:
 an inlet valve and an outlet valve for flow-through sampling of the petroleum sample, 
 a measurement valve for releasing the sample to the measurement chamber, and 
 an inline filtering component disposed between the measurement valve and a point of connection of the sample chamber to the measurement chamber, 
 
 the measurement chamber comprising:
 at least a first chamber fluidly connected to one or more sensors for measuring pressure and temperature, and 
 a closure valve; 
 
   (b) connecting the sample chamber to the sample source;   (c) allowing the sample to flow from the sample source through the sample chamber via the inlet valve and the outlet valve, and thereafter closing the inlet valve and the outlet valve to obtain the sample to be analyzed in the sample chamber;   (d) connecting the sample chamber to the measurement chamber;   (e) moving the measurement valve to an open position to release the sample to the measurement chamber, wherein sample liquid is contained by the inline filtering component and wherein sample vapour enters and expands within the first chamber of the measurement chamber; and   (f) measuring the pressure and temperature of the sample vapour in the measurement chamber.   
     
     
         67 . The method of  claim 66 , further comprising one or more of the following characteristics:
 (i) the measurement chamber is fluidly connected to the sample chamber via a releasable connection; and   (ii) (a) the step of measuring the pressure and temperature of the sample vapour in the measurement chamber occurs after the sample vapour expansion has reached equilibrium; optionally, the method further comprising a step of reporting the equilibrium vapor pressure of the sample to a user; or
 (b) the method further comprises a step of reporting the equilibrium vapor pressure of the sample to a user, either at the temperature in the vapor chamber or at another reference temperature, wherein the step of reporting occurs prior to the sample vapour expansion reaching equilibrium, and an extrapolation algorithm is used to predict the equilibration vapour pressure based on elapsed expansion time and the time variation of the pressure and temperature measurements. 
   
     
     
         68 . The method of  claim 66 , the method further comprising a step of reporting the equilibrium vapor pressure of the sample to a user, either at the temperature in the vapor chamber or at another reference temperature, wherein the step of reporting occurs prior to the sample vapour expansion reaching equilibrium, and an extrapolation algorithm is used to predict the equilibration vapour pressure based on elapsed expansion time and the time variation of the pressure and temperature measurements, and wherein the extrapolation algorithm to predict equilibrium vapor pressure from the time-varying pressure and temperature measurements incorporates statistical correlations to a library of previous measurements in the container that were allowed to reach equilibrium. 
     
     
         69 . The method of  claim 66 , wherein:
 (i) the closure valve of the measurement chamber is fluidly connected to a vacuum apparatus, and the measurement chamber is evacuated and subject to a vacuum prior to each sample measurement; optionally, wherein the measurement chamber is pressurized with an inert gas following evacuation, prior to each sample measurement; or   (ii) the measurement chamber is maintained at atmospheric pressure prior to each sample measurement, and an algorithm is used to predict a free expansion vapour pressure of the sample vapour based on a measured partial expansion pressure of the sample vapour.   
     
     
         70 . The method of  claim 66 , wherein the container can be fluidly connected to one or more additional containers configured to measure one or more additional properties of the sample selected from sample weight, density or specific gravity, sulphur content, water content, viscosity, colour, or refractive index, the method further comprising:
 connecting the container to one or more additional containers configured to measure one or more additional properties of the sample, and   measuring one or more additional properties of the sample.