Implantable devices for drug delivery in response to detected biometric parameters associated with an opioid drug overdose and associated systems and methods

Abstract

Implantable devices for drug delivery in response to detected biometric parameters associated with an opioid drug overdose and associated systems and methods are disclosed herein. An implantable drug delivery device configured in accordance with some embodiments of the present technology can include a housing and a reservoir configured to contain a drug for treatment of the opioid overdose. The implantable drug delivery device can also include one or more sensors each configured to detect the biometric parameters associated with the overdose. The implantable drug delivery device can further include a controller configured to receive signals related to the biometric parameter, determine whether the overdose occurred based on the signals, and, if the overdose is detected, cause the drug to be delivered to the patient.

1 - 22 . (canceled) 
     
     
         23 . An implantable drug delivery device, comprising:
 a reservoir configured to be implanted subcutaneously;   a drug contained by the reservoir having a composition to treat an opioid overdose;   a drug release mechanism associated with the reservoir that is configured to prevent release of the drug from the reservoir until an opioid overdose has been determined, wherein the drug release mechanism comprises one of an electrochemical dissolution mechanism, an electrochemical degradation mechanism, a thermo-responsive hydrogel, a thermal energy bubble mechanism, or a combination thereof;   at least one sensor configured to detect a biometric parameter of the human associated with an overdose of an opioid; and   a controller operatively coupled to the reservoir and the sensor, wherein the controller is configured to receive signals detected by the first sensor related to the biometric parameter, determine whether an overdose of the opioid has occurred based on the signals received from the sensor, and cause the drug release mechanism to release the drug in the reservoir to the human when an overdose is detected.   
     
     
         24 . The implantable drug delivery device of  claim 23  wherein the drug is a composition comprising an opioid receptor antagonist, wherein the opioid receptor antagonist is naloxone. 
     
     
         25 . The implantable drug delivery device of  claim 23  wherein the sensor is an impedance sensor, inductor-capacitor oscillator, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         26 . The implantable drug delivery device of  claim 23  wherein the biometric parameter is the respiratory rate of the human. 
     
     
         27 . The implantable drug delivery device of  claim 23 , further comprising a power source, wherein the power source is a battery or an accelerometer and is configured to supply power to the sensors. 
     
     
         28 . The implantable drug delivery device of  claim 23 , further comprising a computer readable medium having instructions that, when executed by the controller, cause the device to:
 detect at least one of the biometric parameters by delivering energy to the sensor and sensing the biometric parameters;   determine a biometric value from the detected biometric parameter;   compare the determined biometric value against a threshold biometric value; and   determine whether the overdose of the opioid has occurred based on the comparison between the determined biometric value and the threshold biometric value.   
     
     
         29 . The implantable drug delivery device of  claim 28  wherein the reservoir, the controller, and the computer readable medium are integrated such that they are configured to be implanted as a unit within the human. 
     
     
         30 . The implantable drug delivery device of  claim 29 , further comprising a signal transmitter configured to emit or transmit a signal when the drug is released from the reservoir. 
     
     
         31 . The implantable drug delivery device of  claim 30  wherein the transmitted signal comprises a telecommunications signal. 
     
     
         32 . An implantable drug delivery device, comprising:
 a housing configured to be implanted in a human;   a reservoir carried by the housing, wherein the reservoir is configured to contain a drug having a composition to treat an opioid overdose;   at least one sensor configured to detect a biometric parameter of a human associated with an overdose of the opioid;   a drug release mechanism coupled to the reservoir, the drug release mechanism being configured to prevent release of the drug until an overdose has been determined, wherein the drug release mechanism dissolves or degrades in response to an electrochemical reaction; and   a controller operatively coupled to the sensor, wherein the controller is configured to receive signals detected by the sensor related to the biometric parameter, determine whether an overdose of the opioid has occurred based on the signals received from the sensor, and cause the electrochemical reaction to occur and thereby release the drug in the reservoir to the human.   
     
     
         33 . A method of treating an opioid overdose, comprising:
 implanting an implantable system having a reservoir, a drug in the reservoir having a composition for treating an overdose of an opioid, a sensor configured to detect a biometric parameter of a human associated with an overdose of the opioid, a drug release mechanism associated with the reservoir that is configured to prevent release of the drug until an overdose has been determined, and a controller operatively coupled to the sensor to receive signals from the senor and determine whether an overdose of the opioid has occurred;   sensing the biometric parameter of the human associated with an overdose of the opioid; and   when the controller determines an overdose of the opioid has occurred, causing the drug release mechanism to release the drug and thereby dispense the drug to the human from an implanted system.   
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 33  wherein causing the drug release mechanism to release the drug comprises opening a valve coupled to the reservoir such that the drug is dispensed to the human. 
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 33  wherein causing the drug release mechanism to release the drug comprises rupturing a membrane associated with the reservoir such that the drug is dispensed to the human. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 33  wherein causing the drug release mechanism to release the drug comprises causing an electrochemical reaction with an electrochemical dissolution mechanism such that the drug is dispensed to the human. 
     
     
         37 . The method of  claim 33  wherein causing the drug release mechanism to release the drug comprises causing an electrochemical reaction with an electrochemical degradation mechanism such that the drug is dispensed to the human. 
     
     
         38 . The method of  claim 33  wherein causing the drug release mechanism to release the drug comprises causing a thermal energy bubble mechanism to release the drug such that the drug is dispensed to the human. 
     
     
         39 . The method of  claim 33  wherein causing the drug release mechanism to release the drug comprises causing a thermo-responsive hydrogel to release the drug such that the drug is dispensed to the human.