Surgical system

Abstract

A surgical apparatus includes an instrument portal including a first proximal end, a first distal end, and a first elongated member, the first elongated member defining a first bore having a first dimension, wherein the first bore extends from the first distal end to the first proximal end, wherein the maximum clearance of the instrument portal is the first dimension and a drill guide reducer configured to be inserted into the instrument portal, the drill guide reducer including an elongated cylindrical member defining an enclosed body surrounding an opening, the enclosed body having an outside dimension that is smaller than the first dimension, such that the drill guide reducer is sized to fit within the instrument portal and defining an inner dimension configured to receive a drill guide, wherein the inner dimension of the drill guide reducer is smaller than the first dimension of the instrument portal.

1 . A surgical apparatus comprising:
 an instrument portal comprising a first proximal end, a first distal end, and a first elongated member, the first elongated member defining a first bore having a first dimension, wherein the first bore extends from the first distal end to the first proximal end, wherein the maximum clearance of the instrument portal is the first dimension; and   a drill guide reducer configured to be inserted into the instrument portal, the drill guide reducer comprising an elongated cylindrical member defining an enclosed body surrounding an opening, the enclosed body having an outside dimension that is smaller than the first dimension, such that the drill guide reducer is sized to fit within the instrument portal and defining an inner dimension configured to receive a drill guide, wherein the inner dimension of the drill guide reducer is smaller than the first dimension of the instrument portal.   
     
     
         2 . The surgical apparatus of  claim 1 , further comprising an anchor pin receiving chamber positioned outside of the first elongated member and fixed to the instrument portal comprising a second proximal end, a second distal end, and a second elongated member comprising a second bore, the second bore defining a second dimension, wherein the second bore extends from the second distal end to the second proximal end, and wherein the second dimension is smaller than the first dimension. 
     
     
         3 . The surgical apparatus of  claim 2 , further comprising an anchor pin to be inserted into the anchor pin receiving chamber, the anchor pin comprising an elongated member, a proximal end, and a distal end opposite the proximal end, wherein the distal end extends past the second distal end when the anchor pin is located within the anchor pin receiving chamber. 
     
     
         4 . The surgical apparatus of  claim 1 , further comprising an inner cannula to be inserted into the instrument portal, the inner cannula comprising a proximal end, a distal end, and an elongated member defining an outer dimension sized to fit within the instrument portal. 
     
     
         5 . The surgical apparatus of  claim 4 , wherein the distal end of the inner cannula is tapered. 
     
     
         6 . The surgical apparatus of  claim 4 , wherein the inner cannula includes a radiopaque portion. 
     
     
         7 . The surgical apparatus of  claim 4 , wherein the inner cannula is sized to fit against an inner surface of the instrument portal. 
     
     
         8 . The surgical apparatus of  claim 1 , further comprising a screw reducer to be inserted into the instrument portal to accommodate a head of a screw, the screw reducer comprising an elongated cylindrical body sized to fit within the instrument portal and an inner screw reducer opening sized to fit the head of the screw, wherein the head of the screw defines an outer dimension that is smaller than the first dimension. 
     
     
         9 . The surgical apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the instrument portal includes a radiolucent portion. 
     
     
         10 . The surgical apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the first distal end includes an oblique end contoured to fit against a vertebral lateral mass or a pedicle. 
     
     
         11 . A surgical system, comprising:
 an instrument portal comprising a first proximal end, a first distal end, and a first elongated member, the first elongated member comprising a first bore defining a first dimension, wherein the first bore extends from the first distal end to the first proximal end;   a drill guide reducer configured to be inserted into the instrument portal, the drill guide reducer comprising an enclosed cylindrical member defining an outside dimension such that the drill guide reducer is sized to fit within the instrument portal and defining an inner dimension; and   a drill guide configured to be inserted into the drill guide reducer to drill a hole in a desired location while the drill guide reducer is positioned within the instrument portal.   
     
     
         12 . The system of  claim 11 , wherein the instrument portal includes a radiolucent portion. 
     
     
         13 . The system of  claim 11 , wherein the first distal end includes an oblique end contoured to fit against a vertebral lateral mass or a pedicle. 
     
     
         14 . The system of  claim 11 , wherein the drill guide reducer reduces a maximum clearance of the instrument portal. 
     
     
         15 . The system of  claim 11 , wherein the instrument portal comprises a second proximal end, a second distal end, and a second elongated member, the second elongated member comprising a second cylindrical bore defining a second dimension, wherein the second cylindrical bore extends from the second distal end to the second proximal end, and wherein the second dimension is smaller than the first dimension. 
     
     
         16 . The system of  claim 11 , further comprising an anchor pin receiving chamber positioned adjacent the first elongated member and fixed in parallel to the instrument portal. 
     
     
         17 . A method for securing a screw to a mass comprising:
 providing, an instrument portal comprising a first proximal end, a first distal end, and a first elongated member, the first elongated member defining a first bore having a first dimension, wherein the first bore extends from the first distal end to the first proximal end, wherein the maximum clearance of the instrument portal is the first dimension;   inserting, a drill guide reducer into the instrument portal, the drill guide reducer comprising an elongated cylindrical member defining an enclosed body surrounding an opening, the enclosed body having an outside dimension that is smaller than the first dimension, such that the drill guide reducer is sized to fit within the instrument portal and defining an inner dimension that is smaller than the first dimension of the instrument portal;   inserting a drill guide into the drill guide reducer; and   drilling a guide hole using the drill guide.   
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 17 , further comprising:
 prior to inserting the screw, inserting a screw reducer into the instrument portal to accommodate a head of the screw, the screw reducer comprising an elongated cylindrical body defining an outer dimension sized to fit the within the instrument portal and defining an inner screw reducer dimension configured to receive the head of the screw, wherein the head of the screw defines a dimension that is smaller than the first dimension.   
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 18 , wherein inserting the screw into the instrument portal comprises inserting the screw into the screw reducer. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein the screwing of the screw into the guide hole through the instrument portal comprises screwing the screw into the guide hole through the screw reducer.