Method and apparatus for ranging finding, orienting and/or positioning of single and/or multiple devices and/or device and method for orientation and positioning

Abstract

A method and apparatus for ranging finding of signal transmitting devices is provided. The method of signal reception is digitally based only and does not require receivers that are analog measurement devices. Ranging can be achieved using a single pulse emitting device operating in range spaced relation with a minimum of a single signal transmitter and a single digital receiver and processing circuitry. In general a plurality of transmitting pulsed emitters may be ranged and positioned virtually simultaneously in 3-dimensions (XYZ coordinates) using a configuration of a plurality of digital receivers arranged in any fixed 3 -dimensional configuration. Applications may involve at least one single transmitter to receiver design to determine range, or at least one transmitted reflecting signal off from an object to determine range.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A non-contact electrical toggle and directional switch, comprising: an electronic switching element; a distance detection element configured to sense two independent signal deflections at distances which mimic two user movements required to physically switch a manual toggle switch, wherein each deflection is detected by absolute and relative distance measurement relative to the distance detection element; wherein if the distance detection element detects one of the two signal deflections, the electronic switching element is configured to switch between a first and second electrical state in a manner which corresponds to how a manual toggle switch would operate in response to the user movement, wherein the first electrical state corresponds to an electrical on state and the second electrical state corresponds to an electrical off state. 
     
     
         2 . The non-contact electrical toggle switch of  claim 1 , wherein the distance detection element includes at least one emitter; and at least one detector. 
     
     
         3 . The non-contact electrical toggle switch of  claim 2 , wherein the distance detection element includes at least two detectors configured to be in substantial vertical alignment with one another. 
     
     
         4 . The non-contact electrical toggle switch of  claim 3 , wherein the at least one emitter is located between the at least two detectors. 
     
     
         5 . The non-contact electrical toggle switch of  claim 1 , wherein the distance detection element is configured to sense the two user movements within about one-half inch to about ten inches of the distance detection element. 
     
     
         6 . The non-contact electrical toggle switch of  claim 1 , further comprising: at least one visible switch state indicator which is configured to change state in manner to provide visual feedback to a user. 
     
     
         7 . The non-contact electrical toggle switch of  claim 6 , wherein the at least one visible switch state indicator comprises a pair of visible switch state indicators. 
     
     
         8 . The non-contact electrical toggle switch of  claim 7 , wherein each switch state indicator of the pair of switch state indicators comprises a light-emitting diode. 
     
     
         9 . The non-contact electrical toggle switch of  claim 1 , further comprising: an audio element configured to output an audible signal when one of the two user movements is detected by the motion detection element. 
     
     
         10 . The non-contact electrical toggle switch of  claim 9 , wherein the audible signal includes at least two independent audible signals which correspond to the two user movements. 
     
     
         11 . The non-contact electrical toggle switch of  claim 1 , wherein the distance detection element is configured to sense a substantially linear user movement that substantially emulates movement for changing a state of a manual toggle light switch. 
     
     
         12 . The non-contact electrical toggle switch of  claim 1 , wherein the two user movements include an upward “on” movement and a downward “off” movement. 
     
     
         13 . The non-contact electrical toggle switch of  claim 1 , wherein the detection element is further configured to detect signal deflections at distances which mimic a brightening user movement and a darkening dimming user movement which cause the electronic switching element to respond with changes in alternating current signal phase and changes in electrical current flow in response to the respective brightening and darkening dimming user movements. 
     
     
         14 . A device for locating a least one emitter, comprising an array of receivers configured in different angular positions about the array relative to a corresponding array location axis , to receive a signal from the emitter having at least one burst containing a train of pulses, and at least one processor configured to profile pulse count values at each receiver, from one receiver to another in the array in relation to their respective angular positions, to designate a maximum peak angular position associated with a maximum pulse count value, and to attribute the peak angular position to an angular emitter location. 
     
     
         15 . The device of  claim 14 , wherein the peak angular position is associated with a weighted average of pulse count values for a designated time. 
     
     
         16 . The device of  claim 15 , wherein the angular emitter location is linked to the peak angular position of the receiver registering a maximum pulse count value. 
     
     
         17 . The device of  claim 16 , wherein each pulse count value is associated with a count of pulses received by the receiver, according to successive changes of state of the receiver for each pulse received. 
     
     
         18 . The device of  claim 17 , wherein each pulse count value is associated with a time period during which the receiver remains continuously in an ON state for the train of received pulses. 
     
     
         19 . The device of  claim 14 , wherein the processor is configured to plot a path toward at least one designated waypoint, according to the angular emitter location, and to issue one or more instructions to initiate movement toward the waypoint. 
     
     
         20 . The device of  claim 19 , further comprising a drive train configured to move the device toward the waypoint. 
     
     
         22 . The device of  claim 20 , wherein the processor is configured to issue instructions for one or more autonomous functions internal or external to the device. 
     
     
         23 . The device of claim  21 , wherein a plurality of the emitters is located at separate locations in an interior or exterior region, thereby to define an associated signal-receiving zone for the receiver array. 
     
     
         24 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the device is selected from the group comprising;
 a motorized object;   a motorized toy;   a movable device;   a robotic device;   a robotic vacuum;   a camera;   a cell phone or smart phone;   an appliance;   a movable sport object from any one of archery, model aircraft, badminton, football, baseball, volleyball, rugby, tennis, basketball, golf, hockey, cricket, squash, tennis;   a weapon and/or a drone; and   an accessory to any one or more of a. to j.