Device for individualizing fibers, and spinning device comprising such a device

Abstract

The invention relates to a device ( 1 ) for individualizing fibers of a supplied fiber sliver end and to a spinning device ( 2 ) comprising such a device ( 1 ). The device ( 1 ) comprises a first hollow body section, to which pressure can be applied and which comprises an inlet channel segment ( 3 ) for receiving and guiding a supplied fiber sliver end together with a fluid in the direction of an unraveling channel segment ( 6 ) arranged downstream thereof, and the unraveling channel segment ( 6 ), which communicates with the inlet channel segment ( 3 ) and is arranged downstream thereof, for unraveling the fiber sliver end supplied together with the fluid into individual fibers. The unraveling channel segment ( 6 ) forms an annular channel ( 10 ) which communicates with the inlet channel segment ( 3 ). The annular channel ( 10 ) has a channel inlet ( 11 ) with a first passage width and a channel outlet ( 12 ) at a distance therefrom with a second passage width, wherein in a section extending from the first passage width to a central passage width of a channel center arranged between the channel inlet ( 11 ) and the channel outlet ( 12 ), the passage width of the annular channel ( 10 ) tapers constantly or in sections such that the central passage width is smaller than the first passage width.

1 . A device (1) for individualizing fibers of a fed sliver end, the device (1) comprising:
 a first pressurisable hollow body portion, comprising:
 an inlet channel segment (3) configured to enable fluid-accompanied receiving of a fed sliver end and guiding of the fed sliver end toward a downstream opening channel segment (6); and 
 the opening channel segment (6), configured to:
 open the fluid-accompanied fed sliver end into individual fibers; 
 communicate with, and is arranged downstream of, the inlet channel segment (3); and 
 form an annular channel (10) to communicate with the inlet channel segment (3), 
 
   wherein the annular channel (10) comprises:
 a channel inlet (11) having a first passage width; and 
 a channel outlet (12) spaced apart from the channel inlet (11) and having a second passage width, and 
   wherein a passage of the annular channel (10) tapers, throughout or in parts, in a portion from the first passage width to a middle passage width of a channel middle located between the channel inlet (11) and the channel outlet (12), such that the middle passage width is less than the first passage width.   
     
     
         2 . The device (1) according to  claim 1 , wherein the inlet channel segment (3) comprises a conically tapered receiving portion (4) for the fed sliver end. 
     
     
         3 . The device (1) according to  claim 2 , wherein the inlet channel segment (3) comprises, adjacent to the conically tapered receiving portion (4), a cylindrical passage portion (5) to transfer the fed sliver end to the channel inlet (11). 
     
     
         4 . The device (1) according to  claim 2 , wherein the annular channel (10) is configured such that an inside diameter of the channel inlet (11) is less than a corresponding inside diameter of the channel middle. 
     
     
         5 . The device (1) according to  claim 1 , further comprising a core element (8),
 wherein the core element (8) is configured such that it is supported in the passage of the opening channel segment (6) in order to form the annular channel (10).   
     
     
         6 . The device (1) according to  claim 5 , wherein the core element (8) is supported in the opening channel segment (6) by one or more of the following:
 at least one supporting element (9) connecting the opening channel segment (6) to the core element (8); and   magnetic supporting forces,   wherein the core element (8) comprises, for a defined support of the core element (8) within the opening channel segment (6), a material configured to react to the magnetic supporting forces.   
     
     
         7 . The device (1) according to  claim 6 , wherein the core element (8) is supported such that it can be rotated in a circumferential direction. 
     
     
         8 . A spinning device (2) for spinning a thread, comprising:
 a device (1) configured to individual fibers according to  claim 1 , wherein the passage of the annular channel has a width that expands, edge-free, throughout or in parts, in a portion from the middle passage width to the second passage width, such that the middle passage width is less than the second passage width, and   a second pressurisable hollow body portion (20), comprising a spinning segment (13) to spin a thread from the individual fibers,   wherein the spinning segment (13):
 is arranged downstream of the opening channel segment (6) in a guiding direction of the fed sliver end, or downstream of the individual fibers, 
 is in communication with the opening channel segment (6) in order to receive the individual fibers, and 
 is assigned a swirling means for producing a vortex flow for spinning a thread, wherein the vortex flow is configured to swirl the individual fibers together. 
   
     
     
         9 . The spinning device (2) according to  claim 8 , wherein the channel middle is arranged closer to the channel inlet (11) than to the channel outlet (12). 
     
     
         10 . The spinning device (2) according to  claim 8 , further comprising a core element (8) configured to form a double cone which extends between the channel inlet (11) and the channel outlet (12) and which has congruent bases near or in a passage plane of the channel middle. 
     
     
         11 . The spinning device (2) according to  claim 10 , wherein the swirling means is formed by the core element (8). 
     
     
         12 . The spinning device (2) according to  claim 11 , wherein:
 the spinning segment (13) comprises at least two injector nozzles (14) as part of the swirling means or as the swirling means, and   the injector nozzles (14) are arranged circumferentially at an inside wall of the spinning segment (13), and are provided for producing a swirling flow in the spinning segment (13).   
     
     
         13 . The spinning device (2) according to  claim 12 , wherein the spinning device (2), the device (1), or the spinning segment (13) is formed as a single part or as multiple parts, by means of one or more of the following:
 a machining method; and an additive manufacturing method.   
     
     
         14 . A method for spinning a thread from separated fibers, comprising:
 providing a spinning device (2) according to  claim 8 ;   feeding a the fed sliver end, accompanied by fluid, into the inlet channel segment (3); and   operating the swirling means for production of swirling in order to spin a thread from the individual fibers, fed via the opening channel segment (6). into the spinning segment (13).   
     
     
         15 . The method according to  claim 14 , wherein the fluid comprises compressed air.