Process for enzymatically preparing sugar esters and/or sugar alcohol esters

Abstract

A process can be used for the enzymatic preparation of sugar esters and/or sugar alcohol esters. Mixture compositions contain the sugar esters and/or sugar alcohol esters.

1 . A process for enzymatic preparation of a mixture composition comprising at least two selected from the group consisting of a sugar ester and a sugar alcohol ester, the process comprising:
 B) reacting a mixture containing at least two compounds selected from the group consisting of a sugar and a sugar alcohol, with at least one acyl group donor, in the presence of a lipase.   
     
     
         2 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein the at least two compounds are selected from the group consisting of agarose, allitol, allulose, altritol, amylopectin, amylose, arabinitol, arabinose, cellobiose, cellulose, chitin, cyclodextrins, deoxyribose, dextrans, erythritol, fructans, fructose, fucose, galactitol, galactose, glucose, glycogen, hyaluronic acid, iditol, inulin, isomalt, isomaltulose, isomelizitose, lactitol, lactose, lactulose, maltitol, maltohexose, maltopentose, maltose, maltotetrose, maltotriose, maltulose, mannitol, mannose, melizitose, pectins, raffinose, rhamnose, ribitol, ribose, sucrose, sorbitol, sorbose, stachyose, starch, starch hydrolysate, threitol, trehalulose, umbelliferose, xylitol, and xylose. 
     
     
         3 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein the at least one acyl group donor is a fatty acid acyl group donor. 
     
     
         4 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein the mixture in B) further comprises at least one substance selected from the group consisting of a choline salt, an ammonium salt, and a phosphonium salt, in an amount of less than 2% by weight, where a weight percentage relates to all of the at least two compounds in the mixture. 
     
     
         5 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein in B), a molar ratio of all the at least two compounds to all acyl groups present in the at least one acyl group donor is in a range from 1.00:0.08 to 1.00:10.00. 
     
     
         6 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein in B), a molar ratio of all primary hydroxyl groups in all the at least two compounds to all acyl groups present in the at least one acyl group donor is in a range from 1.00:0.10 to 1.00:3.00. 
     
     
         7 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein the lipase is selected from the group consisting of a lipase from  Thermomyces lanuginosus , a lipase A or B from  Candida antarctica , a lipase from  Mucor miehei , a lipase from  Humicola  sp., a lipase from  Rhizomucor javanicus , a lipase from  Rhizopus oryzae , a lipase from  Candida rugosa , a lipase from  Rhizopus niveus , a lipase from  Penicillium camemberti , a lipase from  Aspergillus niger , a lipase from  Penicillium cyclopium , and a respective at least 60% homologue thereof at an amino acid level. 
     
     
         8 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein B) is conducted at a reaction temperature in a range between 20° C. and 160° C. 
     
     
         9 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein B) is conducted at a pressure of less than 1. 
     
     
         10 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein in B), the mixture and the at least one acyl group donor make up in total at least 10% by weight of an overall reaction mixture. 
     
     
         11 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein byproducts formed in B) are removed. 
     
     
         12 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein the process comprises before B):
 A) providing the at least two compounds spatially separately from each other in a solid form or in a form dissolved in water and mixing the at least two compounds to give the mixture in B).   
     
     
         13 . The process according to  claim 12 , wherein A) comprises a reduction of water content of the mixture in B) to less than 17% by weight, where a weight percentage relates to a total amount of the mixture. 
     
     
         14 . A mixture composition, comprising:
 at least two selected from the group consisting of a sugar ester and a sugar alcohol ester obtainable by the process according to  claim 1 .   
     
     
         15 . A mixture composition, containing:
 at least two of a sugar ester and/or a sugar alcohol ester,   wherein the at least two of the sugar ester and/or the sugar alcohol ester comprises at least two sugar and/or sugar alcohol residues selected from the group consisting of a residue of allitol, a residue of allulose, a residue of altritol, a residue of arabinitol, a residue of arabinose, a residue of cellobiose, a residue of deoxyribose, a residue of erythritol, a residue of fructose, a residue of fucose, a residue of galactitol, a residue of galactose, a residue of glucose, a residue of iditol, a residue of isomalt, a residue of isomaltulose, a residue of lactitol, a residue of lactose, a residue of lactulose, a residue of maltitol, a residue of maltose, a residue of maltulose, a residue of mannitol, a residue of mannose, a residue of rhamnose, a residue of ribitol, a residue of ribose, a residue of sucrose, a residue of sorbitol, a residue of sorbose, a residue of threitol, a residue of trehalulose, a residue of xylitol, and a residue of xylose; and   wherein an ester residue is at least one acyl group of an acid residue of a fatty acid.   
     
     
         16 . The process according to  claim 1 , wherein the at least one acyl group donor is selected from the group consisting of a fatty acid ester and a fatty acid. 
     
     
         17 . The process according to  claim 3 , wherein the fatty acid acyl group donor provides an acyl group of a compound selected from the group consisting of caproic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecylenic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, isostearic acid, stearic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, dihydroxystearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, petroselinic acid, elaidic acid, arachic acid, behenic acid, erucic acid, gadoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and arachidonic acid. 
     
     
         18 . The process according to  claim 4 , wherein the mixture in B) does not comprise the at least one substance. 
     
     
         19 . The process according to  claim 5 , wherein the molar ratio is in a range from 1.00:2.00 to 1.00:4.50. 
     
     
         20 . The process according to  claim 10 , wherein in B), the mixture and the at least one acyl group donor make up in total at least 90% by weight of the overall reaction mixture.