Innovated interchange and road network

Abstract

An object of this invention is to provide innovated interchange and road network, the interchange of which is to avoid the traffic flow intersections to improve the traffic efficiency and speed and to lower probabilities of accidents of present interchange design and also which is suitable for batch manufacturing like prefabricated assembly to reduce cost significantly, and the road network of which is to provide better design for traffic especially for automatic driving traffic.

1 . An interchange including two through roads, wherein the two through roads cross each other through a grade separation crossroads of the interchange, and the crossroads is hereinafter called “Cr”, and the two through roads go through “Cr” at different altitudes, and each through road includes two unidirectional roads on each of which the driving direction is opposite to the other and each of which is keeping to the right of the other from the perspective of its own driving direction, and the driving direction on a unidirectional road is the direction of the unidirectional road, and wherein the interchange includes two overpass bridges over each through road which are at opposite sides of the other through road respectively, and so the interchange includes four overpass bridges around “Cr”, and wherein for each one of the four overpass bridges, the each one is hereinafter called “B 1 ”, and the through road overflown by “B 1 ” is hereinafter called “L 1 L 2 ”, and in “L 1 L 2 ” the unidirectional road on which the driving direction under “B 1 ” is leaving “Cr” is hereinafter called “L 1 ”, and in “L 1 L 2 ” the unidirectional road on which the driving direction under “B 1 ” is heading for “Cr” is hereinafter called “L 2 ”, and the other through road which crosses with “L 1 L 2 ” is hereinafter called “L 3 L 4 ”, and in “L 3 L 4 ” the unidirectional road on which the driving direction is to the left of the direction of “L 1 ” and to the right of the direction of “L 2 ” is hereinafter called “L 3 ”, and in “L 3 L 4 ” the other unidirectional road on which the driving direction is to the right of the direction of “L 1 ” and to the left of the direction of “L 2 ” is hereinafter called “L 4 ”, and the overpass bridge which overflies “L 3 L 4 ” and under which the driving direction on “L 3 ” is heading for “Cr” and under which the driving direction on “L 4 ” is leaving “Cr” is hereinafter called “B 2 ”, and wherein “B 1 ” includes an entrance and an exit, and the driving direction of the entrance of “B 1 ” is heading for “B 1 ” in the same direction as the direction of “L 1 ”, and the driving direction of the exit of “B 1 ” is leaving B 1  in the same direction as the direction of “L 2 ”, and the driving direction on “B 1 ” over “L 1 L 2 ” is from “L 1 ” side to “L 2 ” side, and the entrance of “B 1 ” is located outside the right of “L 1 ” according to the direction of “L 1  “, and a vehicle is capable of entering the entrance of “B 1 ” from “L 3 ” and/or the entrance of “B 1 ” is interconnected with “L 3 ”, and the exit of “B 1 ” is interconnected with “L 2 ” and/or the exit of “B 1 ” leads to “L 2 ”, and wherein a vehicle to turn right from “L 3 ” to “L 1 ” leaves “L 3 ” from a position on “L 3 ”, and the position on “L 3 ” is of the right side of “L 3 ”, and the position on “L 3 ” is farther from “Cr” than another position on “L 3 ” and at the another position a vehicle leaving the exit of “B 2 ″enters “L 3 ”, and a vehicle to turn right from “L 3 ” to “L 1 ” enters a right turn lane “R 1 ” after leaving “L 3 ”, and then the vehicle driving on “R 1 ” passes outside the right of the entrance of “B 1 ”, and then the vehicle enters “L 1 ” from “R 1 ” at a position on “L 1 ” and the position on “L 1 ” is farther From “Cr” than the entrance of “B 1 ” according to the distance in the direction of “L 1 ”, and wherein a vehicle to turn left from “L 3 ” to “L 2 ” leaves “L 3 ” from a position on “L 3 ”, and the position on “L 3 ” is of the right side of “L 3 ”, and the position on “L 3 ” is farther from “Cr” than another position on “L 3 ” and at the another position a vehicle leaving the exit of “B 2 ″enters “L 3 ”, and a vehicle to turn left from “L 3 ” to “L 2 ” enters a left turn lane “Le” after leaving “L 3 ”, and then the vehicle driving on “Le” enters the entrance of “B 1 ”, and later the vehicle exits the exit of “B 1 ” and enters “L 2 ”. 
     
     
         2 . The interchange according to  claim 1 , wherein “L 1 ” or “L 2 ” or “L 3 ” or “L 4 ” passes through under all two overpass bridges which are over it. 
     
     
         3 . The interchange according to  claim 1 , wherein the entrance and exit of “B 1 ” are located on/outside/to the same side of “L 3 L 4 ”. 
     
     
         4 . The interchange according to  claim 1 , wherein a vehicle is not capable of entering either “Le” or the entrance of “B 1 ” from “L 1  “, and/or a vehicle is not capable of entering either “R 1 ” or “Le” from the exit of “B 2 ”. 
     
     
         5 . The interchange according to  claim 1 , wherein a vehicle to turn right from “L 3 ” to “L 1 ” and a vehicle to turn left from “L 3 ” to “L 2 ” will pass outside the right of “B 2 ” or pass outside the right of the exit of “B 2 ”. 
     
     
         6 . The interchange according to  claim 1 , wherein a unidirectional road includes one lane or more than one lane. 
     
     
         7 . An interchange including two through roads, wherein the two through roads cross each other through a grade separation crossroads of the interchange, and the crossroads is hereinafter called “Cr”, and the two through roads go through “Cr” at different altitudes, and each through road includes two unidirectional roads on each of which the driving direction is opposite to the other and each of which is keeping to the right of the other from the perspective of its own driving direction, and the driving direction on a unidirectional road is the direction of the unidirectional road, and wherein the interchange includes two overpass bridges over each through road which are at opposite sides of the other through road respectively, and so the interchange includes four overpass bridges around “Cr”, and wherein for each one of the four overpass bridges, the each one is hereinafter called “B 1 ”, and the through road overflown by “B 1 ” is hereinafter called “L 1 L 2 ”, and in “L 1 L 2 ” the unidirectional road on which the driving direction under “B 1 ” is leaving “Cr” is hereinafter called “L 1  “, and in “L 1 L 2 ” the unidirectional road on which the driving direction under “B 1 ” is heading for “Cr” is hereinafter called “L 2 ”, and the other through road Which crosses with “L 1 L 2 ” is hereinafter called “L 3 L 4 ”, and in “L 3 L 4 ” the unidirectional road on which the driving direction is to the left of the direction of “L 1 ” and to the right of the direction of “L 2 ” is hereinafter called “L 3 ”, and in “L 3 L 4 ” the other unidirectional road on which the driving direction is to the right of the direction of “L 1 ” and to the left of the direction of “L 2 ” is hereinafter called “L 4 ”, and the overpass bridge which overflies “L 3 L 4 ” and under which the driving direction on “L 3 ” is heading for “Cr” and under which the driving direction on “L 4 ” is leaving “Cr” is hereinafter called “B 2 ”, and wherein “B 1 ” includes an entrance and an exit, and the driving direction of the entrance of “B 1 ” is heading for “B 1 ” in the same direction as the direction of “L 1 ”, and the driving direction of the exit of “B 1 ” is leaving B 1  in the same direction as the direction of “L 2 ”, and the driving direction on “B 1 ” over “L 1 L 2 ” is from “L 1 ” side to “L 2 ” side, and a vehicle is capable of entering the entrance of “B 1 ” from “L 3 ” and/or the entrance of “B 1 ” is interconnected with “L 3 ”, and the exit of “B 1 ” is interconnected with “L 2 ” and/or the exit of “B 1 ” leads to “L 2 ”, and wherein a vehicle to turn right from “L 3 ” to “L 1 ” leaves “L 3 ” from a position on “L 3 ”, and the position on “L 3 ” is of the right side of “L 3 ”, and the position on “L 3 ” is farther from “Cr” than another position on “L 3 ” and at the another position a vehicle leaving the exit of “B 2 ″enters “L 3 ”, and a vehicle to turn right from “L 3 ” to “L 1 ” enters a right turn lane “R 1 ” after leaving “L 3 ”, and then the vehicle driving on “R 1 ” passes between the right of “L 1 ” and the left of the entrance of “B 1 ” and/or passes under “B 1 ”, and then the vehicle enters “L 1 ” from “R 1 ” at a position on “L 1 ” and the position on “L 1 ” is farther from “Cr” than the entrance of “B 1 ” according to the distance in the direction of “L 1  “, and wherein a vehicle to turn left from “L 3 ” to “L 2 ” leaves “L 3 ” from a position on “L 3 ”, and the position on “L 3 ” is of the right side of “L 3 ”, and the position on “L 3 ” is farther from “Cr” than another position on “L 3 ” and at the another position a vehicle leaving the exit of “B 2 ″enters “L 3 ”, and a vehicle to turn left from “L 3 ” to “L 2 ” enters a left turn lane “Le” after leaving “L 3 ”, and then the vehicle driving on “Le” enters the entrance of “B 1 ”, and later the vehicle exits the exit of “B 1 ” and enters “L 2 ”. 
     
     
         8 . The interchange according to  claim 7 , wherein “L 1 ” or “L 2 ” or “L 3 ” or “L 4 ” passes through under all two overpass bridges which are over it. 
     
     
         9 . The interchange according to  claim 7 , wherein the entrance and exit of “B 1 ” are located on/outside/to the same side of “L 3 L 4 ”. 
     
     
         10 . The interchange according to  claim 7 , wherein a vehicle is not capable of entering either “Le” or the entrance of “B 1 ” from “L I “, and/or a vehicle is not capable of entering either “R 1 ” or “Le” from the exit of “B 2 ”. 
     
     
         11 . The interchange according to  claim 7 , wherein a vehicle to turn right from “L 3 ” to “L 1 ” and a vehicle to turn left from “L 3 ” to “L 2 ” will pass outside the right of “B 2 ” or pass outside the right of the exit of “B 2 ”. 
     
     
         12 . The interchange according to  claim 7 , wherein a unidirectional road includes one lane or more than one lane. 
     
     
         13 . A road network including at least four roads and one area which match the following description of four roads “Va”, “Vb”, “La”, “Lb” and an area “VL” respectively, wherein each of “Va”, “Vb”, “La” and “Lb” includes two unidirectional roads and the driving direction of each of the two unidirectional roads is opposite to the other, and each of “Va”, “Vb”, “La” and “Lb” includes no traffic lights crossroads and no level/grade crossroads and no roundabout crossroads, and wherein the minimum distance between either “Va” and “Vb” or “La” and “Lb” is not less than 0.5 or 1 or 1.5 kilometers, and the maximum distance between either “Va” and “Vb” or “La” and “Lb” is not more than 1.5 or 2 or 3 or 4 kilometers, and wherein each of the pair of “Va” and “La”, the pair of “Va” and “Lb”, the pair of “Vb” and “La” and the pair of “Vb” and “Lb” forms a grade separation crossroads, and so “Va”, “Vb”, “La” and “Lb” form totally four grade separation crossroads, and so “Va”, “Vb”, “La” and “Lb” enclose an area “VL”, and “VL” doesn't include “Va”, “Vb”, “La” and “Lb”, and the area outside “VL”, “Va”, “Vb”, “La” and “Lb” is hereinafter called “outside area”, and wherein “VL” includes one or more than one road each of which includes two unidirectional roads and the driving direction of each of the two unidirectional roads is opposite to the other, and at least one road in “VL” passes over or under two or three or all four roads of “Va”, “Vb”, “La” and “Lb” to “outside area”, and one or more than one road in “VL” includes traffic lights crossroads and/or level/grade crossroads and/or roundabout crossroads in “VL”, and wherein the road network includes at least one of following descriptions:
 1. the road network includes “V 1 ”, “V 2 ”, “L 1 ”, “L 2 ” and “VL 11 ” which match the above description of “Va”, “Vb”, “La”, “Lb” and “VL” respectively; 
 2. the road network includes “V 1 ”, “V 2 ”, “L 1 ”, “L 2 ” and “VL 11 ” which match the above description of “Va”, “Vb”, “La”, “Lb” and “VL” respectively, and also the road network includes “V 1 ”, “V 2 ”, “L 2 ”, “L 3 ” and “VL 12 ” which match the above description of “Va”, “Vb”, “La”, “Lb” and “VL” respectively; 
 3. the road network includes “V 1 ”, “V 2 ”, “L 1  “, “L 2 ” and “VL 11 ” which match the above description of “Va”, “Vb”, “La”, “Lb” and “VL” respectively, and also the road network includes “V 1 ”, “V 2 ”, “L 2 ”, “L 3 ” and “VL 12 ” which match the above description of “Va”, “Vb”, “La”, “Lb” And “VL” respectively, and also the road network includes “yr, “V 3 ”, “L 1 ”, “L 2 ” and “VL 21 ” which match the above description of “Va”, “Vb”, “La”, “Lb” and “VL” respectively; 
 4. the road network includes “V 1 ”, “V 2 ”, “L 1 ”, “L 2 ” and “VL 11 ” which match the above description of “Va”, “Vb”, “La”, “Lb” and “VL” respectively, and also the road network includes “V 1 ”, “V 2 ”, “L 2 ”, “L 3 ” and “VL 12 ” which match the above description of “Va”, “Vb”, “La”, “Lb” and “VL” respectively, and also the road network includes “V 2 ”, “V 3 ”, “L 1 ”, “L 2 ” and “VL 21 ” which match the above description of “Va”, “Vb”, “La”, “Lb” and “VL” respectively, and also the road network includes “V 2 ”, “V 3 ”, “L 2 ”, “L 3 ” and “VL 22 ” which match the above description of “Va”, “Vb”, “La”, “Lb” and “VL” respectively. 
 
     
     
         14 . The road network according to  claim 13 , wherein a vehicle is capable of driving to two or three or all of “Va”, “Vb”, “La” and “Lb” from “VL”, and/or a vehicle is capable of driving from two or three or all of “Va”, “Vb”, “La” and “Lb” to “VL”. 
     
     
         15 . The road network according to  claim 13 , wherein a vehicle in “VL” is capable of driving to “outside area” both by driving through one of “Va”, “Vb”, “La” and “Lb” and driving passing over or under one of “Va”, “Vb”, “La” and “Lb. 
     
     
         16 . The road network according to  claim 13 , wherein for each crossroads of the four grade separation crossroads formed by “Va”, “Vb”, “La” and “Lb”, a vehicle is capable of driving into the each crossroads from any one of the four directions of the each crossroads and then driving away from the crossroads to any one of the other three directions of the four directions of the each crossroads. 
     
     
         17 . The road network according to  claim 13 , wherein each of “Va”, “Vb”, “La” and “Lb” includes an isolation belt or a physical isolation between its two unidirectional roads, A vehicle driving on one of the two unidirectional roads is not capable of entering or not allowed to enter another unidirectional road through the isolation belt or physical isolation. 
     
     
         18 . The road network according to  claim 13 , wherein a person is capable of walking or biking to pass over two or three or all of “Va”, “Vb”, “La” and “Lb” to “outside area”. 
     
     
         19 . The road network according to  claim 13 , wherein the grade separation crossroads refers to a crossroads which is formed by two roads crossing at different altitudes, and one of the two roads passes over the other road, The vehicles driving through the crossroads on one of the two roads don't interfere with the vehicles driving through the crossroads on the other road. 
     
     
         20 . The road network according to  claim 13 , wherein the level/grade crossroads refers to a crossroads at a same level which includes traffic lights or which is a roundabout, The level/grade crossroads including traffic lights includes at least 3 directions of driving in or driving out, The roundabout includes at least 3 directions of driving in or driving out.