Sublingual or buccal administration of dim for treatment of skin diseases

Abstract

Described herein are methods for treating one or more skin conditions by administering, via the sublingual or buccal route, a composition comprising substituted or unsubstituted diindolylmethane. In particular, methods are provided for improving the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic parameters of substituted or unsubstituted diindolylmethane following a sublingual or buccal administration, relative to an oral administration.

1 - 30 . (canceled) 
     
     
         31 . A sublingual or buccal formulation in solid or semi-solid dosage form, the formulation comprising:
 microencapsulated particles of substituted or unsubstituted diindolylmethane; and   one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.   
     
     
         32 . The formulation of  claim 31 , wherein the dosage form provides increased bioavailability of the substituted or unsubstituted diindolylmethane comparing to an oral dosage form containing same amount of the substituted or unsubstituted diindolylmethane 
     
     
         33 . The formulation of  claim 31 , wherein the dosage form increases bioavailability of the substituted or unsubstituted diindolylmethane by about 1-fold to about 10-fold comparing to an oral dosage form containing same amount of the substituted or unsubstituted diindolylmethane. 
     
     
         34 . The formulation of  claim 31 , wherein the dosage form increases bioavailability of the substituted or unsubstituted diindolylmethane by about 1-fold comparing to an oral dosage form containing same amount of the substituted or unsubstituted diindolylmethane. 
     
     
         35 . The formulation of  claim 31 , wherein the dosage form dissolves after placement in the sublingual or buccal cavity. 
     
     
         36 . The formulation of  claim 31 , wherein the dosage form disintegrates after placement in the sublingual or buccal cavity. 
     
     
         37 . The formulation of  claim 31 , wherein the dosage form is a tablet. 
     
     
         38 . The formulation of  claim 31 , further comprising a substituted or unsubstituted retinoic acid-based component. 
     
     
         39 . The formulation of  claim 31 , further comprising vitamin A. 
     
     
         40 . The formulation of  claim 31 , further comprising vitamin A palmitate. 
     
     
         41 . A sublingual or buccal formulation in solid or semi-solid dosage form, the formulation consisting of:
 substituted or unsubstituted diindolylmethane;   optionally a substituted or unsubstituted retinoic acid-based component; and   one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.   
     
     
         42 . The formulation of  claim 41 , wherein the dosage form provides increased bioavailability of the substituted or unsubstituted diindolylmethane comparing to an oral dosage form containing same amount of the substituted or unsubstituted diindolylmethane 
     
     
         43 . The formulation of  claim 41 , wherein the dosage form increases bioavailability of the substituted or unsubstituted diindolylmethane by about 1-fold to about 10-fold comparing to an oral dosage form containing same amount of the substituted or unsubstituted diindolylmethane. 
     
     
         44 . The formulation of  claim 41 , wherein the dosage form increases bioavailability of the substituted or unsubstituted diindolylmethane by about 1-fold comparing to an oral dosage form containing same amount of the substituted or unsubstituted diindolylmethane. 
     
     
         45 . The formulation of  claim 41 , wherein the dosage form dissolves after placement in the sublingual or buccal cavity. 
     
     
         46 . The formulation of  claim 41 , wherein the dosage form disintegrates after placement in the sublingual or buccal cavity. 
     
     
         47 . The formulation of  claim 41 , wherein the dosage form is a tablet. 
     
     
         48 . The formulation of  claim 41 , wherein the substituted or unsubstituted retinoic acid-based component is vitamin A. 
     
     
         49 . The formulation of  claim 41 , wherein the substituted or unsubstituted retinoic acid-based component is vitamin A palmitate. 
     
     
         50 . The formulation of  claim 41 , wherein the substituted or unsubstituted diindolylmethane is provided as microencapsulated particles.