Pin placement holder for surgical pin driver

Abstract

A surgical device for pin insertion in a bone of a subject to aid in performing a bone cutting procedure is provided that includes a drive portion configured to drive a pin for insertion into the bone. The drive portion has a pin drive assembly with a shaft having a shaft proximal end. At least one magnet is associated with the shaft proximal end adapted for attraction and retention of the pin in the shaft proximal end. A spindle assembly is adapted to drive the shaft so as to rotate the pin into the bone to a degree of bone retention that overcomes the attraction and the retention of the pin in the shaft proximal end. An alignment system for surgical bone cutting procedures inclusive of the same is also provided along with a method for aligning a cutting guide on a subject's bone.

1 . A surgical device for inserting a pin into a bone, comprising:
 a drive portion, comprising:
 a shaft having a shaft end; 
 a magnet associated with the shaft end and exerting an attractive force on a pin when coupled to the shaft end; and 
 a motor to drive the shaft so as to rotate the pin for insertion into the bone to at least a depth where the force required to pull the pin from the bone is greater than the attractive force exerted on the pin by the magnet. 
   
     
     
         2 . The device of  claim 1  wherein the shaft further comprises a socket at the shaft end to accept a proximal end of the pin. 
     
     
         3 . The device of  claim 2  wherein the magnet is situated in the shaft and proximal to the socket. 
     
     
         4 . The device of  claim 1  further comprising a pin guide having a first portion with an inner diameter that fits over a portion of the pin to constrain a rotational axis of the pin. 
     
     
         5 . The device of  claim 4  wherein the pin guide has a second portion with an inner diameter that fits over a portion of the shaft. 
     
     
         6 . The device of  claim 1  further comprising a coupler that couples the shaft to the motor. 
     
     
         7 . The device of  claim 1  wherein the drive portion further comprises three or more fiducial markers to permit a tracking system to track the surgical device. 
     
     
         8 . The device of  claim 1  further comprising a hand-held portion movably connected to the drive portion. 
     
     
         9 . The device of  claim 2  wherein the hand-held portion comprises components to adjust the working portion relative to the hand-held portion in response to commands from one or more computers. 
     
     
         10 . A surgical system, comprising:
 the surgical device of  claim 1 , further comprising
 a hand-held portion movably connected to the drive portion; and 
 components for moving the working portion relative to the hand-held portion; 
   a tracking system to track a position and orientation (POSE) of the pin when coupled to the shaft end of the surgical device; and   one or more computers to:
 determine a tracked relationship between the POSE of the pin and a predetermined location of a virtual plane, wherein the predetermined location of the virtual plane is defined with respect to a predetermined location for a cut surface to be created on the bone; and 
 supply commands to the components corresponding to movement of at least one of the bone and the hand-held portion to maintain alignment of an axis of the pin coincident with the virtual plane. 
   
     
     
         11 . The system of  claim 10  further comprising a plurality of pins that are inserted coincident with the virtual plane using the surgical device. 
     
     
         12 . The system of  claim 11  further comprising a cutting guide to be assembled onto the plurality of pins. 
     
     
         13 . The system of  claim 10  wherein the tracking system is an optical tracking system. 
     
     
         14 . The system of  claim 10  wherein the one or more computers is a device computer. 
     
     
         15 . The system of  claim 14  further comprising a planning computer to plan the predetermined location for the cut surface to be created on the bone. 
     
     
         16 . The system of  claim 10  wherein the bone is subject to total knee arthroplasty or revision knee arthroplasty.