US2022140330A1PendingUtilityA1

GROUP VIII PERIOD 4 ELEMENT (Fe, Co, Ni) METAL SITE AND Cl "O" SITE MODIFIED LITHIUM MANGANESE BASED CATHODE MATERIAL, METHOD OF PREPARING THE SAME, AND LI ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL CONTAINING THE SAME

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Assignee: US GOV AS REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY OF THE ARMYPriority: Jul 31, 2019Filed: Jan 12, 2022Published: May 5, 2022
Est. expiryJul 31, 2039(~13 yrs left)· nominal 20-yr term from priority
Inventors:Terrill B. AtwaterMatthew A. LimpertAshley L. RuthPaula C. Latorre
C01G 53/82H01M 10/0525C01P 2002/50H01M 4/505C01P 2002/85H01M 4/525Y02E60/10C01P 2006/40H01M 2004/028C01P 2002/52C01G 53/50H01M 2220/20C01G 45/1228C01P 2002/72H01M 4/1315C01G 53/006
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Claims

Abstract

A process for preparing a cathode material comprising a compound of the form LiaMn1-x-zFexNizO2-dCld is provided. In addition, a LiaMn1-x-zFexNizO2-dCld cathode material for electrochemical systems is provided. Furthermore, a lithium or lithium-ion rechargeable electrochemical cell is provided, incorporating the LiaMn1-x-zFexNizO2-dCld cathode material in a positive electrode.

Claims

exact text as granted — not AI-modified
What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A method of preparing a homogeneously dispersed cathode material, the method comprising:
 mixing a manganese source, at least two Group VIII Period 4 element sources, and a liquid to form a solution;   forming a gel from the solution;   heating the gel to form a solid; and   calcining the solid to produce the homogeneously dispersed cathode material,   wherein the at least two Group VIII Period 4 element sources comprise an iron source and a nickel source,   wherein the iron source is selected from a group consisting of iron nitrate and iron acetate,   wherein the nickel source is selected from a group consisting of nickel nitrate and nickel acetate,   wherein the homogeneously dispersed cathode material comprises a compound represented by the formula Li a Mn 1-x-z Fe x Ni z O 2-d Cl d ,   wherein the compound represented by the formula Li a Mn 1-x-z Fe x Ni z O 2-d Cl d  comprises iron and nickel,   wherein a ranges from 0.025 to 0.975   wherein d ranges from 0.001 to 0.125,   wherein x ranges from 0.0 to 0.4, and   wherein z ranges from 0.0 to 0.4.   
     
     
         2 . The method according to  claim 1 , further comprising:
 mixing a chlorine containing salt and lithium nitrate with the solution to form a second solution;   mixing a chelating agent with the second solution to form a third solution;   mixing a transesterification agent with the third solution to form a fourth solution; and   heating the fourth solution to form the gel,   wherein the solid is calcined at a temperature ranging from 350° C. to 800° C. for a period of time ranging from 1 to 12 hours,   wherein the chlorine containing salt is selected from a group consisting of lithium chloride, manganese chloride, iron chloride, and nickel chloride,   wherein the liquid is an alcohol,   wherein the transesterification agent is selected from a group consisting of ethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, and tetraethylene glycol,   wherein the manganese source is manganese nitrate,   wherein the iron source is iron nitrate, and   wherein the nickel source is nickel nitrate.   
     
     
         3 . The method according to  claim 1 , further comprising:
 mixing a chlorine containing salt and lithium nitrate with the solution to form a second solution;   mixing a chelating agent with the second solution to form a third solution; and   heating the third solution to form the gel,   wherein the calcining step is performed at a temperature ranging from 350° C. to 800° C. for a period of time ranging from 1 to 4 hours,   wherein the liquid is water,   wherein the chlorine containing salt is selected from a group consisting of lithium chloride, manganese chloride, iron chloride, and nickel chloride,   wherein the manganese source is manganese nitrate,   wherein the iron source is iron nitrate, and   wherein the nickel source is nickel nitrate.   
     
     
         4 . The method according to  claim 1 , further comprising:
 mixing ammonium hydroxide with the solution to form the gel;   mixing a mixed metal oxide with a first lithium source and with a second lithium source to produce a mixture; and   calcining the mixture at a temperature ranging from 400° C. to 1200° C. for a period of time ranging from 4 to 96 hours to produce the homogeneously dispersed cathode material,   wherein the calcining step for the solid is performed at a temperature ranging from 250° C. to 600° C. for a period of time ranging from 1 to 8 hours to produce the mixed metal oxide,   wherein the manganese source is manganese acetate,   wherein the first lithium source is selected from a group consisting of lithium perchlorate, lithium chloride, and lithium trichloroacetate,   wherein the second lithium source is selected from a group consisting of lithium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, lithium oxide, and lithium peroxide,   wherein the iron source is iron acetate,   wherein the nickel source is nickel acetate, and   wherein the liquid is water.   
     
     
         5 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein x+z ranges from 0.005 to 0.45. 
     
     
         6 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein x+z ranges from 0.01 to 0.4. 
     
     
         7 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein a reversible region for a Li/Li a Mn 1-x-z Fe x Ni z O 2-d Cl d  electrochemical couple ranges from 5.3 V to 2.0 V. 
     
     
         8 . A homogeneously dispersed cathode material, comprising a compound represented by the formula Li a Mn 1-x-z Fe x Ni z O 2-d Cl d ,
 wherein a ranges from 0.025 to 0.975   wherein d ranges from 0.001 to 0.125,   wherein x ranges from 0.0 to 0.4,   wherein z ranges from 0.0 to 0.4, and   wherein the compound represented by the formula Li a Mn 1-x-z Fe x Ni z O 2-d Cl d  comprises iron and nickel.   
     
     
         9 . The homogeneously dispersed cathode material according to  claim 8 ,
 wherein x+z ranges from 0.005 to 0.45.   
     
     
         10 . The homogeneously dispersed cathode material according to  claim 9 ,
 wherein x ranges from 0.0 to 0.35.   
     
     
         11 . The homogeneously dispersed cathode material according to  claim 10 ,
 wherein z ranges from 0.0 to 0.35.   
     
     
         12 . The homogeneously dispersed cathode material according to  claim 8 ,
 wherein x ranges from 0.0 to 0.35, and   wherein x+z ranges from 0.005 to 0.45.   
     
     
         13 . The homogeneously dispersed cathode material according to  claim 12 ,
 wherein x+z ranges from 0.01 to 0.4.   
     
     
         14 . The homogeneously dispersed cathode material according to  claim 8 ,
 wherein a reversible region for a Li/Li a Mn 1-x-z Fe x Ni z O 2-d Cl d  electrochemical couple ranges from 5.3 V to 2.0 V.   
     
     
         15 . A lithium electrochemical cell comprising:
 an anode; and   a cathode comprising a cathode material, the cathode material further comprising a compound represented by the formula Li a Mn 1-x-z Fe x Ni z O 2-d Cl d ,   wherein a ranges from 0.025 to 0.975,   wherein d ranges from 0.001 to 0.125,   wherein x ranges from 0.0 to 0.4,   wherein z ranges from 0.0 to 0.4, and   wherein the compound represented by the formula Li a Mn 1-x-z Fe x Ni z O 2-d Cl d  comprises iron and nickel.   
     
     
         16 . The lithium electrochemical cell according to  claim 15 ,
 wherein x+z ranges from 0.005 to 0.45.   
     
     
         17 . The lithium electrochemical cell according to  claim 16 ,
 wherein x ranges from 0.0 to 0.35.   
     
     
         18 . The lithium electrochemical cell according to  claim 16 ,
 wherein z ranges from 0.0 to 0.35.   
     
     
         19 . The lithium electrochemical cell according to  claim 15 ,
 wherein x+z ranges from 0.01 to 0.4.   
     
     
         20 . The lithium electrochemical cell according to  claim 15 , wherein a reversible region for a Li/Li a Mn 1-x-z Fe x Ni z O 2-d Cl d  electrochemical couple ranges from 5.3 V to 2.0 V.

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