Ejector Cycle

Abstract

A system has a first compressor and a second compressor. A heat rejection heat exchanger is coupled to the first and second compressors to receive refrigerant compressed by the compressors. The system includes an economizer for receiving refrigerant from the heat rejection heat exchanger and reducing an enthalpy of a first portion of the received refrigerant while increasing an enthalpy of a second portion. The second portion is returned to the compressor. The ejector has a primary inlet coupled to the means to receive a first flow of the reduced enthalpy refrigerant. The ejector has a secondary inlet and an outlet. The outlet is coupled to the first compressor to return refrigerant to the first compressor. A first heat absorption heat exchanger is coupled to the economizer to receive a second flow of the reduced enthalpy refrigerant and is upstream of the secondary inlet of the ejector. A second heat absorption heat exchanger is between the outlet of the ejector and the first compressor.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A system comprising:
 a first compressor and a second compressor;   a heat rejection heat exchanger coupled to the first and second compressors to receive refrigerant compressed by the compressors;   means for receiving refrigerant from the heat rejection heat exchanger and reducing an enthalpy of a first portion of the received refrigerant while increasing an enthalpy of a second portion, said second portion being returned to the second compressor;   an ejector having:
 a primary inlet coupled to the means to receive a first flow of the reduced enthalpy refrigerant; 
 a secondary inlet; and 
 an outlet coupled to the first compressor to return refrigerant to the first compressor; 
   a first heat absorption heat exchanger coupled to the means to receive a second flow of the reduced enthalpy refrigerant and upstream of the secondary inlet of the ejector; and   a second heat absorption heat exchanger between the outlet of the ejector and the first compressor.   
     
     
         2 . The system of  claim 1  further comprising:
 an intercooler between the first compressor and second compressor. 
 
     
     
         3 . The system of  claim 1  wherein the means comprises:
 a flash tank having:
 an inlet coupled to the heat rejection heat exchanger to receive refrigerant from the heat rejection heat exchanger; 
 a gas outlet coupled to the second compressor to deliver refrigerant to the second compressor; and 
 a liquid outlet upstream of the ejector primary inlet and the first heat absorption heat exchanger. 
 
 
     
     
         4 . The system of  claim 3  further comprising:
 an expansion device between the heat rejection heat exchanger and the flash tank inlet. 
 
     
     
         5 . The system of  claim 3  wherein:
 a single phase gas flow exits the gas outlet; and 
 a single phase liquid flow exits the liquid outlet. 
 
     
     
         6 . A method for operating the system of  claim 3  comprising running the first and second compressors in a first mode wherein:
 the refrigerant is compressed in the first and second compressors; 
 refrigerant received from the first and second compressors by the heat rejection heat exchanger rejects heat in the heat rejection heat exchanger to produce initially cooled refrigerant; 
 the refrigerant received by the flash tank from the heat rejection heat exchanger splits into said first portion and said second portion; 
 the first portion passes from the liquid outlet and is further split into said first flow received by the ejector primary inlet and a second flow passed through the first heat absorption heat exchanger to the ejector secondary inlet; and 
 the first and second flows merge in the ejector and are discharged from the ejector outlet and passed through the second heat absorption heat exchanger to the first compressor. 
 
     
     
         7 . The system of  claim 1  wherein the means comprises:
 an economizer expansion device coupled to the heat rejection heat exchanger to receive refrigerant second portion from the heat rejection heat exchanger; 
 an economizer heat exchanger having:
 a first leg coupled to the heat rejection heat exchanger to receive the refrigerant first portion from the heat rejection heat exchanger; and 
 a second leg coupled to the economizer expansion device to receive the second portion. 
 
 
     
     
         8 . The system of  claim 1  wherein the means comprises:
 a second ejector having:
 a primary inlet coupled to the heat rejection heat exchanger to receive the refrigerant second portion from the heat rejection heat exchanger; 
 a secondary inlet coupled to the first compressor to receive refrigerant from the first compressor; and 
 an outlet; and 
 
 an economizer heat exchanger having:
 a first leg coupled to the heat rejection heat exchanger to receive the refrigerant first portion from the heat rejection heat exchanger; and 
 a second leg coupled to the second ejector outlet to receive the second portion. 
 
 
     
     
         9 . The system of  claim 1  further comprising:
 an expansion device between the means and the inlet of the first heat absorption heat exchanger. 
 
     
     
         10 . The system of  claim 1  wherein:
 the system has no other ejector. 
 
     
     
         11 . The system of  claim 1  wherein:
 the system has no other heat absorption heat exchanger. 
 
     
     
         12 . The system of  claim 1  wherein:
 the first heat absorption heat exchanger and the second heat absorption heat exchanger are positioned so that an airflow is driven by a fan to pass over both the first heat absorption heat exchanger and the second heat absorption heat exchanger to provide humidity control for a conditioned space. 
 
     
     
         13 . The system of  claim 1  wherein:
 refrigerant comprises at least 50% carbon dioxide, by weight. 
 
     
     
         14 . A method for operating the system of  claim 1  comprising running the first and second compressors in a first mode wherein:
 the refrigerant is compressed in the first and second compressors; 
 refrigerant received from the first and second compressors by the heat rejection heat exchanger rejects heat in the heat rejection heat exchanger to produce initially cooled refrigerant; 
 the refrigerant received by the means from the heat rejection heat exchanger splits into said first portion and said second portion; 
 the first portion is further split into said first flow received by the ejector primary inlet and said second flow passed through the first heat absorption heat exchanger to the ejector secondary inlet; and 
 the first and second flows merge in the ejector and are discharged from the ejector outlet and passed through the second heat absorption heat exchanger to the first compressor. 
 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 14  wherein:
 the flow from the heat rejection heat exchanger is supercritical, the second portion of the first flow is mostly sub-critical vapor, and the first portion of the first flow is mostly sub-critical liquid 
 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 14  wherein:
 operation in the first mode is controlled by a controller programmed to control operation of the ejector, the first and second compressors, a controllable expansion device between the liquid outlet and the first heat absorption heat exchanger, and a controllable expansion device between the heat rejection heat exchanger and a flash tank of the means so as to optimize system efficiency; 
 the expansion device controls the superheat of the refrigerant at the exit of the first heat absorption heat exchanger; 
 the ejector controls the superheat of the refrigerant at the exit of the second heat absorption heat exchanger; and 
 the expansion device controls the state at the exit of the heat rejection heat exchanger. 
 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 16  wherein:
 the first heat absorption heat exchanger and second heat absorption heat exchanger are positioned so that an airflow passes over both in series; and 
 the controller is programmed to control humidity of the airflow.