Forging method and forging apparatus

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a forging method and forging apparatus in which at front and rear portions of a workpiece, two products can be simultaneously shaped, thereby to improve a productivity of compression-shaping. The forging apparatus includes a press having upper and lower dies; a tray plate supply assembly configured to supply, by one pitch, a tray plate from one side of the press to an opposite side of the press along a middle portion between front and rear portions of a top of the lower die such that the tray plate can ascend and descend each time the upper die is raised; a punching unit disposed on the upper and lower dies at one side thereof to continuously form a workpiece fixing hole in the tray plate; a workpiece plate supply assembly disposed in front of an opposite side of the punching unit for feeding the workpiece plate by one pitch to a position below the workpiece fixing hole defined in the tray plate, wherein the workpiece plate supply assembly forms a through-protrusion to pass through the workpiece fixing hole on a front-rear directional middle portion in a portion of the workpiece plate corresponding to the fed one pitch; a cutting and pressing and fixing assembly provided on the upper and lower die at an opposite side of the punching unit for cutting the workpiece plate to be fed to the position below the workpiece fixing hole of the tray plate by one pitch and for pressing and fixing the through-protrusion formed on the middle portion of the cut workpiece into the workpiece fixing hole; and a pressing and shaping unit disposed on the upper and lower dies at an opposite side of the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly for compressing and shaping the fed workpiece.

1 . A forging method comprising:
 an operation  100  of ascending and descending an upper die of a press repeatedly, wherein the press includes the upper and lower dies sequentially having a punching unit, a cutting and pressing and fixing assembly, and a pressing and shaping unit from one side of the press to an opposite side of the press;   a workpiece fixing hole shaping operation  200  in which each time the upper die is raised, a tray plate is supplied by one pitch along a middle portion between front and rear portions of a top of the lower die from one side of the press to an opposite side of the press in such a manner that the tray plate can ascend and descend, and at the same time, a workpiece fixing hole is continuously punctured in the tray plate via the punching unit;   a workpiece plate supply operation  300  in which each time the upper die is raised, a workpiece plate is supplied from a front by one pitch to a position below the workpiece fixing hole of the tray plate located on the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly, and, at the same time, a through-protrusion to pass through the workpiece fixing hole is formed on a front-rear directional middle portion in a portion of the workpiece plate corresponding to the supplied one pitch;   a workpiece fixing operation  400  in which the workpiece plate supplied into the position below the workpiece fixing hole located on the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly is cut by one pitch, and, then, the through-protrusion formed on the middle portion of the cut workpiece passes through the workpiece fixing hole and is compressed and fixed into the workpiece fixing hole; and   a workpiece shaping operation  500  in which the workpiece moved while being fixed to the tray plate is compression-shaped by the pressing and shaping unit.   
     
     
         2 . The forging method of  claim 1 , wherein in the workpiece shaping operation, the workpiece is shaped at front and rear portion of the workpiece via one or more workpiece shaping units, and then, the front and rear portions of the workpiece shaped via the one or more workpiece shaping units are compression-cut to complete a last product. 
     
     
         3 . A forging apparatus comprising:
 a press  1  having upper and lower dies  11  and  12 ;   a tray plate supply assembly  2  configured to supply, by one pitch, a tray plate  7  from one side of the press  1  to an opposite side of the press  1  along a middle portion between front and rear portions of a top of the lower die  12  such that the tray plate  7  can ascend and descend each time the upper die  11  is raised;   a punching unit  3  disposed on the upper and lower dies  11  and  12  at one side thereof to continuously form a workpiece fixing hole  71  in the tray plate  7 ;   a workpiece plate supply assembly  4  disposed in front of an opposite side of the punching unit  3  for feeding a workpiece plate  8  by one pitch to a position below the workpiece fixing hole  71  defined in the tray plate  7 , wherein the workpiece plate supply assembly  4  forms a through-protrusion  82  to pass through the workpiece fixing hole  71  on a front-rear directional middle portion in a portion of the workpiece plate  8  corresponding to the fed one pitch;   a cutting and pressing and fixing assembly  5  provided on the upper and lower dies  11  and  12  at an opposite side of the punching unit  3  for cutting the workpiece plate  8  to be fed to the position below the workpiece fixing hole  71  of the tray plate  7  by one pitch and for pressing and fixing the through-protrusion  82  formed on the middle portion of the cut workpiece  81  into the workpiece fixing hole  71 ; and   a pressing and shaping unit  6  disposed on the upper and lower dies  11  and  12  at an opposite side of the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly  5  for compressing and shaping the fed workpiece  81 .   
     
     
         4 . The forging apparatus of  claim 3 , wherein the tray plate supply assembly  2  includes an ascending and descending guide  13  configured for supplying the tray plate  7  away from the top face of the lower die  12  and allowing the tray plate to move up and down. 
     
     
         5 . The forging apparatus of  claim 4 , wherein the ascending and descending guide  13  includes a plurality of ascending and descending guide rods  131 , wherein the plurality of ascending and descending guide rods  131  are formed in a middle portion of a top of the lower die  12  and are arranged at intervals in a right-left direction, wherein the plurality of ascending and descending guide rods  131  are maintained in an ascended position via an underlying spring S while ascending and descending, wherein the plurality of ascending and descending guide rods  131  are in close contact with a bottom face of the tray plate  7 . 
     
     
         6 . The forging apparatus of  claim 3 , wherein the workpiece fixing hole  71  includes a plurality of fixing holes  711 ,
 wherein the through-protrusion  82  includes a plurality of through fixing pins  821 , wherein the plurality of through fixing pins  821  penetrates the fixing holes  711  constituting the workpiece fixing hole  71  and then a top of the plurality of through fixing pins  821  is compressed and extended by the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly  5 . 
 
     
     
         7 . The forging apparatus of  claim 3 , wherein the workpiece plate supply assembly  4  includes:
 a workpiece plate supply unit  41  disposed in front of the press having the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly  5  for supplying the workpiece plate  8  by one pitch; and 
 protrusion forging means  42  disposed between the workpiece plate supply unit  41  and the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly  5  for shaping the through-protrusion  82 . 
 
     
     
         8 . The forging apparatus of  claim 7 , wherein the protrusion forging means  42  includes a fixed lower die  421  and an ascending and descending upper die  422 ,
 wherein the fixed lower die  421  has, at a top of the die  421 , a protrusion-shaping convex portion  421   a;    
 wherein the ascending and descending upper die  422  is disposed above the fixed lower die  421  and has a protrusion-shaping concave portion  422   a  at a bottom of the die  422 , wherein the ascending and descending upper die  422  repeatedly shapes the through-protrusions  82  in a repetitive compression manner via iterative ascending and descending. 
 
     
     
         9 . The forging apparatus of  claim 3 , wherein the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly  5  includes:
 a workpiece cutting unit  51  provided with a workpiece cutter  511  at a lower front of the upper die  11  to cut the workpiece plate  8  via a lowering of the upper die  11 ; and 
 a workpiece pressing and fixing unit  52  provided at a rear end of the workpiece cutting unit  51 , wherein the workpiece pressing and fixing unit  52  has a compressing pin  521  at a bottom of the upper die  11 , wherein the workpiece pressing and fixing unit  52  pushes the through-protrusion  82  formed on the middle portion of the workpiece  81  into the workpiece fixing hole  71  and compresses and fixes a top of the through-protrusion  82  into the workpiece fixing hole  71  via the lowering of the upper die  11 . 
 
     
     
         10 . The forging apparatus of  claim 9 , wherein the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly  5  further includes a guide plate  53 ,
 wherein the guide plate  53  has a rear end fixed to the lower die  12 , wherein the guide plate  53  protrudes forwards to be spaced from the top face of the lower die  12 , wherein the guide plate  53  has a guide groove  531  defined in a lower portion of the plate  53 , into which the tray plate  7  is inserted to move to the opposite side, wherein the guide plate has a through hole  532  defined above the groove  531 , through which the compressing pin  521  penetrates. 
 
     
     
         11 . The forging apparatus of  claim 9 , wherein the cutting and pressing and fixing assembly  5  further includes a plurality of ascending and descending guide rods  54 , wherein the plurality of ascending and descending guide rods  54  are disposed in a top portion of the lower die  12  and are arranged in a front-rear direction, wherein the plurality of ascending and descending guide rods  54  are maintained at an elevated position via an underlying spring S while ascending and descending, wherein the plurality of ascending and descending guide rods  54  are in close contact with a bottom face of the workpiece plate  8  supplied from a front. 
     
     
         12 . The forging apparatus of  claim 3 , wherein the pressing and shaping unit  6  includes:
 at least one workpiece shaping unit  61  provided on the upper and lower dies  11  and  12  for shaping the workpiece  81  via compression; and 
 a last shaping unit  62  provided on the upper and lower dies  11  and  12  for compress-cutting, via a vertical cutter, the front and rear portions of the workpiece  81  shaped via the one or more workpiece shaping units  61 , thereby obtaining a final product. 
 
     
     
         13 . The forging apparatus of  claim 3 , wherein the tray plate  7  further includes an upward-bent reinforcement plate  72  formed in a length-direction at front and rear ends of the tray plate  7  for reinforcing the tray plate  7 . 
     
     
         14 . The forging apparatus of  claim 3 , wherein the workpiece  81  is made of metal, wherein the tray plate  7  is made of a metal having a lower ductility than the workpiece  81 . 
     
     
         15 . The forging apparatus of  claim 14 , wherein the workpiece  81  is made of aluminum or copper, wherein the tray plate  7  is made of iron or stainless steel.