Tracing objects across different parties

Abstract

In implementations of the subject matter described herein, a new approach for controlling and tracing an object across a plurality of parties is proposed. A rule set may be enabled by the confirmation of a plurality of parties. The rule set may define constraints on operations related to the object. Upon receipt of a request for an operation related to the object, the requested operation may be verified based on the rule set agreed by the plurality of parties. In response to verifying that requested operation is valid, the requested operation may be performed, and a record for the operation may be created and stored in a blockchain database accessible to the plurality of parties.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A method comprising:
 receiving, from a first party among a plurality of parties, a request for an operation related to an object;   verifying the requested operation based on a rule set agreed by the plurality of parties, the rule set defining one or more constraints on one or more operations related to the object; and   in response to verifying that requested operation is valid,
 causing the operation to be performed; 
 creating a record for the operation, the record being specific to the rule set; and 
 storing the record in a blockchain database that is accessible to the plurality of parties. 
   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising setting the rule set for the plurality of parties by:
 receiving, from a second party among the plurality of parties, a request for setting the rule set;   broadcasting the rule set to the plurality of parties; and   in response to receiving confirmations on the rule set from at least one of the plurality of parties, enabling the rule set.   
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 2 , wherein the enabling the rule set comprises:
 in response to receiving a confirmation on the rule set from a third party among the plurality of parties, creating a record for the confirmation, the record including a signature of the third party; and   storing the record for the confirmation in the blockchain database.   
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 receiving, from a fourth party among the plurality of parties, a request for tracing the object;   in response to receiving the request for tracing the object, retrieving one or more records for operations related to the object from the blockchain database; and   providing the retrieved records to the fourth party.   
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the verifying the requested operation further comprises:
 in response to receiving the request for the operation, broadcasting a notification related to the operation to the plurality of parties.   
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the verifying the requested operation comprises:
 extracting, from the request, a reference to the rule set; and   addressing the rule set based on the reference for the verifying.   
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the rule set includes executable code, and wherein the verifying the requested operation comprises:
 verifying the requested operation by causing the code to be executed.   
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the record further includes at least one of the following:
 an event identification (ID) specific to the rule set,   a reference to the rule set,   an ID for the operation,   a description of the operation,   a signature of the first party,   a public key for decrypting the signature of the first party, and   a timestamp indicating a time point when the request is sent.   
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 receiving an inquiry for a state of the operation, the state indicating whether the operation is performed successfully;   in response to the inquiry, determining the number of subsequent records appended to the record for the operation in the blockchain database; and   determining the state of the operation based on the number of subsequent records.   
     
     
         10 . A device comprising:
 a processing unit; and   a memory coupled to the processing unit and storing instructions for execution by the processing unit, the instructions, when executed by the processing unit, causing the device to perform acts comprising:   receiving, from a first party among a plurality of parties, a request for an operation related to an object;   verifying the requested operation based on a rule set agreed by the plurality of parties, the rule set defining one or more constraints on one or more operations related to the object; and   in response to verifying that requested operation is valid,
 causing the operation to be performed; 
 creating a record for the operation, the record being specific to the rule set; and 
 storing the record in a blockchain database that is accessible to the plurality of parties. 
   
     
     
         11 . The device of  claim 10 , wherein the instructions, when executed by the processing unit, further cause the device to set the rule set for the plurality of parties by:
 receiving, from a second party among the plurality of parties, a request for setting the rule set;   broadcasting the rule set to the plurality of parties; and   in response to receiving confirmations on the rule set from at least one of the plurality of parties, enabling the rule set.   
     
     
         12 . The device of  claim 11 , wherein the enabling the rule set comprises:
 in response to receiving a confirmation on the rule set from a third party among the plurality of parties, creating a record for the confirmation, the record including a signature of the third party; and   storing the record for the confirmation in the blockchain database.   
     
     
         13 . The device of  claim 10 , the acts further comprising:
 receiving, from a fourth party among the plurality of parties, a request for tracing the object;   in response to receiving the request for tracing the object, retrieving one or more records for operations related to the object from the blockchain database; and   providing the retrieved records to the fourth party.   
     
     
         14 . The device of  claim 10 , wherein the verifying the requested operation further comprises:
 in response to receiving the request for the operation, broadcasting a notification related to the operation to the plurality of parties.   
     
     
         15 . The device of  claim 10 , wherein the verifying the requested operation comprises:
 extracting, from the request, a reference to the rule set; and   addressing the rule set based on the reference for the verifying.   
     
     
         16 . The device of  claim 10 , wherein the rule set includes executable code, and wherein the verifying the requested operation comprises:
 verifying the requested operation by causing the code to be executed.   
     
     
         17 . The device of  claim 10 , wherein the record further includes at least one of the following:
 an event ID specific to the rule set,   a reference to the rule set,   an ID for the operation,   a description of the operation,   a signature of the first party,   a public key for decrypting the signature of the first party, and   a timestamp indicating a time point when the request is sent.   
     
     
         18 . The device of  claim 10 , the acts further comprising:
 receiving an inquiry for a state of the operation, the state indicating whether the operation is performed successfully;   in response to the inquiry, determining the number of subsequent records appended to the record for the operation in the blockchain database; and   determining the state of the operation based on the number of subsequent records.   
     
     
         19 . A computer program product being tangibly stored on a non-transient machine-readable medium and comprising machine-executable instructions, the instructions, when executed on a device, causing the device to:
 receive, from a first party among a plurality of parties, a request for an operation related to an object;   verify the requested operation based on a rule set agreed by the plurality of parties, the rule set defining one or more constraints on one or more operations related to the object; and   in response to verifying that requested operation is valid,
 cause the operation to be performed; 
 create a record for the operation, the record being specific to the rule set; and 
   store the record in a blockchain database that is accessible to the plurality of parties.   
     
     
         20 . The computer program product of  claim 19 , wherein the instructions, when executed on the device, further causing the device to set the rule set for the plurality of parties by:
 receiving, from a second party among the plurality of parties, a request for setting the rule set;   broadcasting the rule set to the plurality of parties; and   in response to receiving confirmations on the rule set from at least one of the plurality of parties, enabling the rule set.