Closed-loop control based on predicted trajectories

Abstract

Disclosed herein are techniques for closed-loop control based on predicted trajectories. The techniques may involve predicting a trajectory of a glucose level of a patient based on past observations of the glucose level. The techniques may further involve determining a cost expression based on the predicted trajectory. The cost expression may be based on a duration of time that the trajectory is predicted to extend outside of a target glucose concentration range. Additionally, the techniques may involve affecting, based on the cost expression, at least one future command to at least one infusion pump so as to shorten the duration of time that the trajectory is predicted to extend outside of the target glucose concentration range.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A processor-implemented method comprising:
 predicting a trajectory of a glucose level of a patient based on past observations of the glucose level;   determining a cost expression based on the predicted trajectory, wherein the cost expression is based on a duration of time that the trajectory is predicted to extend outside of a target glucose concentration range;   affecting, based on the cost expression, at least one future command to at least one infusion pump so as to shorten the duration of time that the trajectory is predicted to extend outside of the target glucose concentration range.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the at least one infusion pump comprises an insulin infusion pump. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the at least one infusion pump comprises a glucagon infusion pump. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the cost expression is defined to cover a set duration in the future. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the predicting, the determining, and the affecting are performed on command intervals. 
     
     
         6 . A system comprising:
 one or more processors; and   one or more processor-readable storage media storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause performance of:
 predicting a trajectory of a glucose level of a patient based on past observations of the glucose level; 
 determining a cost expression based on the predicted trajectory, wherein the cost expression is based on a duration of time that the trajectory is predicted to extend outside of a target glucose concentration range; 
 affecting, based on the cost expression, at least one future command to at least one infusion pump so as to shorten the duration of time that the trajectory is predicted to extend outside of the target glucose concentration range. 
   
     
     
         7 . The system of  claim 6 , wherein the at least one infusion pump comprises an insulin infusion pump. 
     
     
         8 . The system of  claim 6 , wherein the at least one infusion pump comprises a glucagon infusion pump. 
     
     
         9 . The system of  claim 6 , wherein the cost expression is defined to cover a set duration in the future. 
     
     
         10 . The system of  claim 6 , wherein the predicting, the determining, and the affecting are performed on command intervals. 
     
     
         11 . One or more non-transitory processor-readable storage media storing instructions which, when executed by one or more processors, cause performance of:
 predicting a trajectory of a glucose level of a patient based on past observations of the glucose level;   determining a cost expression based on the predicted trajectory, wherein the cost expression is based on a duration of time that the trajectory is predicted to extend outside of a target glucose concentration range;   affecting, based on the cost expression, at least one future command to at least one infusion pump so as to shorten the duration of time that the trajectory is predicted to extend outside of the target glucose concentration range.   
     
     
         12 . The one or more non-transitory processor-readable storage media of  claim 11 , wherein the at least one infusion pump comprises an insulin infusion pump. 
     
     
         13 . The one or more non-transitory processor-readable storage media of  claim 11 , wherein the at least one infusion pump comprises a glucagon infusion pump. 
     
     
         14 . The one or more non-transitory processor-readable storage media of  claim 11 , wherein the cost expression is defined to cover a set duration in the future. 
     
     
         15 . The one or more non-transitory processor-readable storage media of  claim 11 , wherein the predicting, the determining, and the affecting are performed on command intervals.