Furnace apparatus

Abstract

An improved systems and methods to reduce and remove particulate matter and chemical pollutants such as dioxins from flue gasses.

1 . A furnace apparatus configured to incinerate solid waste, comprising;
 a chamber comprising an upper pyrolysis section and a lower combustion section;   a solid waste feed inlet positioned at an upper portion of the chamber configured to feed solid waste to the lower combustion section;   at least one air inlet pipe fixedly connected to a lower portion of the chamber to receive air for combustion of the solid waste within the lower combustion section; and   at least one air outlet pipe fixedly connected to the lower portion of the chamber and opposingly positioned to the at least one air inlet pipe to exhaust combusted air from the lower combustion section,   wherein at least one magnet is operably attached to the at least one air inlet pipe, wherein paramagnetic oxygen present in the received air is concentrated via the magnets, and the concentrated oxygen is introduced into a plasma generated within the combustion section to accelerate the combustion process, and to oxidize toxic matter present in the solid waste,   wherein the furnace apparatus further comprising conductors positioned within the lower combustion section, adapted to conduct an electric current from an external source to provide heat in the combustion chamber,   and wherein the lower combustion section, is at least partially encapsulated with an insulating coating.   
     
     
         2 . The furnace apparatus of  claim 1  further comprising an exhaust assembly fitted to the at least one air outlet pipe, connected to a fan mechanism that propels the flue gases into a process heater adapted to heat up the flue gasses up to about 1200° C. 
     
     
         3 . The furnace apparatus of  claim 2  wherein the fan is a cyclone fan producing an outer vortex of downward flowing air and an inner vortex of upward flowing air. 
     
     
         4 . The furnace apparatus of  claim 2  further comprising a low speed fan that propels the gasses from the process heater into a Zeolite chamber to absorb any residual moisture from the gasses. 
     
     
         5 . The furnace apparatus of  claim 4  further comprising a chamber fitted with ultrasonic generators wherein the gasses are subjected to an ultrasonic frequency to produce a fine mist from any vapor or liquid present. 
     
     
         6 . The furnace apparatus of  claim 5  wherein, after processing, the exhaust gasses contain no detectable dioxins. 
     
     
         7 . The furnace apparatus of  claim 1  wherein the conductors are made from a nickel-chromium alloy coated with a magnesium and/or graphite composite. 
     
     
         8 . The furnace apparatus of  claim 7  claim wherein the nickel-chromium alloy conductors are adapted for thermal insulation and are positioned between a silica carbide coating and an outer stainless-steel wall. 
     
     
         9 . The furnace apparatus of  claim 6  wherein, after processing, the exhaust gasses contain no detectable dioxins and no detectable particles of a size above 10 μm, or in other embodiments none larger than 2.5 μm. 
     
     
         10 . The furnace apparatus of any one of claim  18  wherein the nickel-chromium alloy conductors coated with a magnesium and/or graphite composite line at least a portion of the inside of the lower combustion section. 
     
     
         11 . The furnace apparatus of  claim 1  further comprising a Buxbaum air separator in functional communication with the at least one air inlet pipe, to concentrate oxygen and direct it into the combustion chamber.