Synthetic composition for preventing or treating cvd

Abstract

A method for reducing the likelihood of a non-infant human experiencing a cardiovascular disease (CVD) associated with hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, or a metabolic disorder such as type II diabetes and/or insulin resistance. Various examples of the method include selecting an amount of one to five human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) selected from the fucosylated HMOs 2′-fucosyllatcose (2′-FL), difucosyllactose (DFL), 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL), and lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP-I) and the non-fucosylated neutral HMOs lacto-N-tetraose and lacto-N-neotetraose that is effective for increasing the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium adolescentis in the gastrointestinal microbiota of the non-infant human; increasing the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium adolescentis in the gastrointestinal microbiota of the non-infant human and reducing serum levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and/or increasing GLP-1 or reducing hypertension in the non-infant human by administering the selected amount of the selected HMOs during an initial treatment phase.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A method for reducing the likelihood of a non-infant human experiencing a cardiovascular disease (CVD) associated with hypercholesterolemia, the method comprising:
 selecting an amount of one to five human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) selected from the fucosylated HMOs 2′-fucosyllatcose (2′-FL), difucosyllactose (DFL), 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL), and lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP-I) and the non-fucosylated neutral HMOs lacto-N-tetraose and lacto-N-neotetraose that is effective for increasing the relative abundance of  Bifidobacterium adolescentis  in the gastrointestinal microbiota of the non-infant human; and   increasing the relative abundance of  Bifidobacterium adolescentis  in the gastrointestinal microbiota of the non-infant human and reducing serum levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the non-infant human by administering the selected amount of the selected HMOs during an initial treatment phase.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising increasing serum levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in the non-infant human by administering the selected amount of the selected HMOs. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein at least one of the selected HMOs is 2′-FL. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein at least one of the selected HMOs is LNnT. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the initial treatment phase is at least 14 days. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the effective amount of the selected HMOs during the initial treatment phase is from about 3.5 g to about 7.5 g per day. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 6 , further comprising administering a dosage of the selected HMOs during a maintenance period that is reduced relative to the effective amount administered during the initial treatment phase. 
     
     
         8 . A method for reducing the likelihood of a non-infant human experiencing a cardiovascular disease (CVD) associated with hypertension, the method comprising:
 selecting an amount of one to five human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) selected from the fucosylated HMOs 2′-fucosyllatcose (2′-FL), difucosyllactose (DFL), 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL), and lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP-I) and the non-fucosylated neutral HMOs lacto-N-tetraose and lacto-N-neotetraose that is effective for increasing the relative abundance of  Bifidobacterium adolescentis  in the gastrointestinal microbiota of the non-infant human; and   increasing the relative abundance of  Bifidobacterium adolescentis  in the gastrointestinal microbiota of the non-infant human and reducing the risk of the non-infant human experiencing hypertension by administering the selected amount of the selected HMOs during an initial treatment phase.   
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 8 , further comprising increasing serum levels glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) in the non-infant human by administering the selected amount of the selected HMOs. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein at least one of the selected HMOs is 2′-FL. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein at least one of the selected HMOs is LNnT. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein the initial treatment phase is at least 14 days. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 8 , wherein the effective amount of the selected HMOs during the initial treatment phase is from about 3.5 g to about 7.5 g per day. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 13 , further comprising administering a dosage of the selected HMOs during a maintenance period that is reduced relative to the effective amount administered during the initial treatment phase. 
     
     
         15 . A method for reducing the likelihood of a non-infant human having a metabolic disorder experiencing a cardiovascular disease (CVD) associated with the metabolic disorder, the method comprising:
 selecting an amount of one to five human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) selected from the fucosylated HMOs 2′-fucosyllatcose (2′-FL), difucosyllactose (DFL), 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL), and lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFP-I) and the non-fucosylated neutral HMOs lacto-N-tetraose and lacto-N-neotetraose that is effective for increasing the relative abundance of  Bifidobacterium adolescentis  in the gastrointestinal microbiota of the non-infant human; and   increasing the relative abundance of  Bifidobacterium adolescentis  in the gastrointestinal microbiota of the non-infant human and reducing the risk of the non-infant human experiencing hypertension by administering the selected amount of the selected HMOs during an initial treatment phase.   
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 15 , further comprising increasing serum levels of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) in the non-infant human by administering the selected amount of the selected HMOs. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein the metabolic disorder comprises one or more of type II diabetes and insulin resistance. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein at least one of the selected HMOs is 2′-FL. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein at least one of the selected HMOs is LNnT. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein:
 the initial treatment phase is at least 14 days; and   the effective amount of the selected HMOs during the initial treatment phase is from about 3.5 g to about 7.5 g per day.