Biomass clumping material and methods

Abstract

A process for making an animal litter from a woody biomass starting material is described, with the performance amendments substantially located entirely on the outside surface of the woody biomass particles. The process may include the steps of densifying the biomass starting material, crumbling the densified biomass material; screening the densified biomass material for size; optionally adding a zeolite containing a scent; spray coating the sized, densified biomass particles with a surface adhesion agent; and powder dosing the sized, densified biomass particles and zeolites with a performance amendment comprising equal parts bentonite and guar gum.

1 . An animal litter product comprising:
 about 80 to about 90 percent by weight densified, crumbled, agglomerate biomass material;   about 2 to about 6 percent by weight surface adhesion agent; and   about 6 to about 18 percent by weight performance amendment.   
     
     
         2 . The animal litter product of  claim 1 , wherein the densified, crumbled, agglomerate biomass material has a particle size of about US mesh 40 to about US mesh 4. 
     
     
         3 . The animal litter product of  claim 1 , wherein the performance amendment comprises a mixture of guar gum and bentonite. 
     
     
         4 . The animal litter product of  claim 1 , wherein the animal litter product has an external surface area and wherein at least 80 percent of the external surface of the litter comprises the performance amendment. 
     
     
         5 . The animal litter product of  claim 4 , wherein at least 90 percent of an external surface area of litter comprises at least one of bentonite and guar gum. 
     
     
         6 . The animal litter product of  claim 5 , wherein a ratio of sized, densified biomass particles to the bentonite is about 6 to 1 to about 10 to 1. 
     
     
         7 . An animal litter product comprising:
 about 80 to about 90 percent by weight agglomerate biomass material, wherein the agglomerate biomass material has been densified and crumbled;   about 2 to about 6 percent by weight surface adhesion agent; and   about 6 to about 18 percent by weight performance amendment.   
     
     
         8 . The animal litter product of  claim 1 , wherein the agglomerate biomass material has a particle size of about US mesh 40 to about US mesh 4. 
     
     
         9 . The animal litter product of  claim 7 , wherein the performance amendment comprises a mixture of guar gum and bentonite. 
     
     
         10 . The animal litter product of  claim 7 , wherein the animal litter product has an external surface area and wherein at least 80 percent of the external surface of the litter comprises the performance amendment. 
     
     
         11 . The animal litter product of  claim 10 , wherein at least 90 percent of the external surface area of litter comprises at least one of bentonite and guar gum. 
     
     
         12 . The animal litter product of  claim 11 , wherein the ratio of sized, densified biomass particles to the bentonite is about 6 to 1 to about 10 to 1. 
     
     
         13 . An animal litter product comprising:
 about 80 to about 90 percent by weight densified, sized biomass material;   about 2 to about 6 percent by weight surface adhesion agent; and   about 6 to about 18 percent by weight performance amendment.   
     
     
         14 . The animal litter product of  claim 13 , wherein the densified, crumbled, agglomerate biomass material has a particle size of about US mesh 40 to about US mesh 4. 
     
     
         15 . The animal litter product of  claim 13 , wherein the performance amendment comprises a mixture of guar gum and bentonite. 
     
     
         16 . The animal litter product of  claim 13 , wherein the animal litter product has an external surface area and wherein at least 80 percent of the external surface of the litter comprises the performance amendment. 
     
     
         17 . The animal litter product of  claim 16 , wherein at least 90 percent of the external surface area of litter comprises at least one of bentonite and guar gum. 
     
     
         18 . The animal litter product of  claim 17 , wherein a ratio of sized, densified biomass particles to the bentonite is about 6 to 1 to about 10 to 1.