Fully photonic wireless broadband base station

Abstract

The invention relates to base stations in communication networks. In more particular the invention relates to cellular base stations such as 3G/4G and WLAN base stations. Some or all of the aforementioned advantages of the invention are accrued with a fully photonic base station ( 200 ) that powers itself with solar photons, provides radio network access and relays an optical photonic beam ( 220, 221, 230, 231 ) through air encoded with the data from radio signals of computer users and mobile phone users to the Internet and the global telecommunication network. A system engineer can build a network with the inventive base stations in a matter of days. He simply walks to the roof of houses and points the optical beams to other base stations in adjacent houses.

1 . A base station ( 200 ), arranged to provide radio and/or microwave communication network access to at least one subscriber terminal ( 250 ,  251 ) via at least one radio and/or microwave transmitter and/or receiver, characterised in that,
 said base station comprises at least one laser and/or photodiode data communication transmitter and/or receiver ( 220 ,  221 ) arranged to transmit and/or receive photons through free space,   said base station comprises at least one solar cell ( 240 ) which is flexible and shaped on the surface of the base station.   
     
     
         2 . A base station ( 200 ) as claimed in  claim 1 , characterised in that, said free space laser and/or photodiode data communication transmitter and/or receiver ( 220 ,  221 ) is realised with a photodiode laser and/or a quantum cascade laser, and/or is arranged to radiate directional photons in the visible to 100,000 nm wavelength range or in the visible to 1 mm wavelength range. 
     
     
         3 . A base station ( 200 ) as claimed in  claim 1 , characterised in that, the said base station is arranged to receive at least one free space laser and/or photodiode signal from another first base station and/or optical transceiver and transmit said received free space laser and/or photodiode signal to a second base station and/or optical transceiver through free space. 
     
     
         4 . A base station ( 200 ) as claimed in  claim 1 , characterised in that, said free space laser and/or photodiode data communication transmitter and/or receiver link ( 220 ,  221 ) is arranged as a backhaul connection, arranged to simultaneously communicate a plurality of signals exchanged with the said
 base station and a plurality of subscriber terminals to one or more destinations within the communication network beyond the said free space laser and/or photodiode communication link ( 220 ,  221 ) via the optical core network and/or other communication network.   
     
     
         5 . A base station ( 200 ) as claimed in  claim 1 , characterised in that, at least one solar cell ( 240 ) is arranged to power said base station and/or store energy to a battery that is arranged to power the base station. 
     
     
         6 . A base station ( 200 ) as claimed in  claim 1 , characterised in that, said base station does not have an electric socket for an external power cord and/or does not have an optical communication socket for an optical fibre connection. 
     
     
         7 . A base station ( 200 ) as claimed in  claim 1 , characterised in that, said solar cell ( 240 ) is on the top face of the said base station and at least one said free space laser and/or photodiode data communication transmitter and/or receiver ( 220 ,  221 ) is arranged to the side of the said base station, and/or
 at least one movable waveguide is arranged to point the said at least one free space laser and/or photodiode data communication transmitter and/or receiver ( 220 ,  221 ) to the line of sight direction of another base station and/or optical transceiver.   
     
     
         8 . A base station ( 200 ) as claimed in  claim 3 , characterised in that, the said incoming free space laser and/or photodiode signal from said another first base station and/or optical transceiver is arranged to be received and amplified and sent to said another second base station and/or optical transceiver through free space and/or, the said incoming free space laser and/or photodiode signal from said another first base station and/or optical transceiver is arranged to be received with a first free space laser and/or photodiode data communication receiver ( 221 ) and sent with a second free space laser and/or photodiode data communication transmitter ( 220 ) or the same first free space laser and/or photodiode data communication transmitter and/or receiver ( 221 ) or both said transmitter
 and/or receivers ( 220 ,  221 ) to said another second base station and/or optical transceiver through free space.   
     
     
         9 . A method of providing communication network access by operating at least one base station ( 200 ) offering communication network access to a plurality of subscriber terminals ( 250 ,  251 ) via a radio and/or microwave connection, comprising the following steps:
 powering said at least one base station with at least one solar cell) which is flexible and shaped on the surface of the base station, in the same location as the base station ( 120 ),   connecting said base station to a communication network with at least one laser and/or photodiode data communication link through free space ( 110 ,  220 ,  221 ).   
     
     
         10 . A communication method as claimed in  claim 9 , characterised in that, said free space laser and/or photodiode data communication link ( 220 ,  221 ) is realised with a photodiode laser and/or a quantum cascade laser, and/or said link ( 220 ,  221 ) radiates directional photons in the visible to 100,000 nm wavelength range or in the visible to 1 mm wavelength range. 
     
     
         11 . A communication method as claimed in  claim 9 , characterised in that, the said base station receives at least one free space laser and/or photodiode data communication signal from another first base station and/or optical transceiver and transmits said received free space laser and/or photodiode data communication signal to a second base station and/or optical transceiver through free space. 
     
     
         12 . A communication method as claimed in  claim 9 , characterised in that, said free space laser and/or photodiode data communication link ( 220 ,  221 ) is a backhaul connection, communicating simultaneously a plurality of signals exchanged with the said base station ( 200 ) and a plurality of subscriber terminals ( 250 ,  251 ) to destinations within the communication network beyond the said free space laser and/or photodiode data communication link ( 220 ,  221 ) via the optical core network and/or other communication network. 
     
     
         13 . A communication method as claimed in  claim 9 , characterised in that, at least one solar cell ( 240 ) is arranged to power said base station ( 200 ) and/or store energy to a battery that is arranged to power the base station. 
     
     
         14 . A communication method as claimed in  claim 9 , characterised in that, said base station ( 200 ) does not have an electric socket for an external power cord and/or does not have an optical communication socket for an optical fibre connection. 
     
     
         15 . A communication method as claimed in  claim 9 , characterised in that, said solar cell ( 240 ) is on the top face of the said base station and at least one said free space laser and/or photodiode data communication link ( 220 ,  221 ) is arranged to the side of the said base station, and/or
 at least one movable waveguide points the said at least one free space laser and/or photodiode data communication link ( 220 ,  221 ) to the line of sight direction of another base station and/or optical transceiver.   
     
     
         16 . A communication method as claimed in  claim 11 , characterised in that, the said incoming free space laser and/or photodiode data communication signal from said another first base station and/or optical transceiver is received and amplified and sent to said another second base station and/or optical transceiver through free space and/or,
 the said incoming free space laser and/or photodiode data communication signal from said another first base station and/or optical transceiver is received   with a first free space laser and/or photodiode data communication link ( 221 ) and sent with a second free space laser and/or photodiode data communication link ( 220 ) or the same first free space laser and/or photodiode data communication link ( 221 ) or both said links ( 220 ,  221 ) to said another second base station and/or optical transceiver through free space.