Method and Device for Treating Solid-Fluid Mixtures

Abstract

A laminar stream reactor for the production of hydrochar of a solid-fluid mixture of water and a carbon-containing component, wherein the solid-fluid mixture is treated at a temperature of 100-300 degree ° C. and a pressure of 5-70 bar, consists of tubular reactor units of largely vertical holding sections (1,3) and direction-changing diverters (2,4). The holding sections are thereby flown through slower by the solid-fluid mixture than the remaining tube distances, as they have larger diameters.

1 . Method for the production of hydrochar of a solid-fluid mixture of water and a carbon-containing component, wherein the solid-fluid mixture is treated at a temperature of 100-300° C. and a pressure of 5-70 bar in a laminar stream reactor with at least two holding sections and at least one diverter arranged below it, and wherein
 a. the average flow velocity of the solid-fluid mixture in the lower diverter is 10-500 or 20-200 m/min than in the holding sections, 
 b. the average flow direction of the solid-fluid mixture in the holding section is inclined to the horizontal from the vertical and 
 c. a total residence time in the pressurized heat exchangers and reactor is more than 2 hours. 
 
     
     
         2 . Method according to  claim 1 , wherein the average flow velocity in the lower diverter is 1-1,000 m/min and/or 1.5-1000, 5-300 or 20-100 times larger than in the holding section. 
     
     
         3 . Method according to  claim 1  or  2 , wherein the sold-fluid mixture flows through an upwardly-directed holding section and thereafter an upper diverter after the lower diverter, wherein in particular the average flow velocity in the lower diverter is 1.1-2, 2-5 or 4-40 times faster than in the upper diverter and/or the flow velocity in an ascender directly following the lower diverter is 1.1-40 or 2-5 times faster than in the descender directly preceding the lower diverter. 
     
     
         4 . Method according to one of  claims 1  to  3 , wherein the average flow velocity in the descending holding section is 0.01-20, 0.05-10 or 0.1-3 m/min. 
     
     
         5 . (canceled) 
     
     
         6 . Method for the production of hydrochar of a solid-fluid mixture of water and a carbon-containing component, wherein the solid-fluid mixture is treated at a temperature of 100-300° C. and a pressure of 5-70 bar in a laminar stream reactor consisting of:
 at least two reactor units with at least one holding section and at least one diverter arranged below it, and wherein
 a. starting substances with a solid content of 1-50 weight % or 15-99 weight % are guided into the reaction mixture via two different reactor units, 
 b. the average flow velocity of the solid-fluid mixture in the lower diverter is at least 50% larger than in the holding section and is at least 10% larger in a tube section of a following reactor unit than the one in a corresponding tube section of a preceding reactor unit, 
 c. the average flow direction of the solid-fluid mixture in the holding section is inclined to the horizontal from the vertical. 
 
 
     
     
         7 . (canceled) 
     
     
         8 . Method for the production of hydrochar of a solid-fluid mixture of water and a carbon-containing component, wherein the solid-fluid mixture is treated at a temperature of 100-300° C. and a pressure of 5-70 bar in a laminar stream reactor consisting of:
 at least two reactor units with at least one holding section and at least one diverter arranged below it, and wherein 
 a. the average flow velocity of the solid-fluid mixture in the lower diverter is at least 50% larger than in the holding section and is at least 10% larger in a tube section of a following reactor unit than in a corresponding tube section of a preceding reactor unit 
 b. the average flow direction of the solid-fluid mixture in the holding section is inclined to the horizontal from the vertical. 
 
     
     
         9 - 17 . (canceled) 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 8 , further comprising the step of: supplying of a further carbon-containing component with a dry substance content of at least 30%, containing particles with a largest cross section below 6 mm. 
     
     
         19 . (canceled) 
     
     
         20 . Method for treating a solid-fluid mixture of water and a carbon-containing component at a temperature of 100-300 degree ° C. and a pressure of 5-70 bar, comprising guiding the solid-fluid mixture downwards through a first tube section, diverting the flow direction of the solid-fluid mixture upwards, and subsequently guiding the solid-fluid mixture upwards through a further tube section and further comprising discharging a suspension containing solid particles with a longest diameter of up to 2 mm from the solid-fluid mixture prior to the termination of the treatment. 
     
     
         21 . The method of  claim 8 , further comprising the step of: using a solid-fluid separation with holes or pores spaced from each other with a diameter of at least 0.5 mm for discharging a suspension containing solid particles with a longest diameter of 2 mm of a solid-fluid mixture of water and a carbon-containing component at a temperature of degree ° C. and a pressure of 5-70 bar. 
     
     
         22 . (canceled)