Zero-gangue-discharge short-wall face pillar-free mining method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a zero-gangue-discharge short-wall face pillar-free mining method, which is applicable to zero-gangue-discharge disposal in the mining operation in a mine shaft. A short-wall face is arranged in a selected area near a mine shaft according to the actual conditions of the mine shaft, the short-wall face is mined in a fully mining and fully back-filling mode, the gangues produced at other mining faces of the mine shaft are filled into the short-wall face, the short-wall face is supported with anchor rods along the edge of the filling face and the solid coal side to form an entry, and the entry is utilized to mine an adjacent working face. The method in the present invention mainly displaces the coal mass with gangues and thereby maximizes the utilization of the resources; in addition, the method can fully control the roof and realize mining without damage to the rock formation. Therefore, the method is of great value for wide application.

1 . A zero-gangue-discharge short-wall face pillar-free mining method, comprising the following steps:
 a) arranging a short-wall face in an area near a shaft station of a mine shaft according to actual conditions of the mine shaft, a mining starting position of the short-wall face is 500 m˜1,000 m away from the shaft station, and the short-wall face is mined in a direction away from the shaft station;   b) transporting all gangues produced at other mining faces of the mine shaft to the short-wall face, mining the short-wall face in a fully mining and fully back-filling mode, and filling the short-wall face with the gangues; at the same time, supporting a roof and side walls of a roadway in the milling process with anchor rods, including supporting the roadway along an edge of a filling face and a solid coal side of the short-wall face; forming an entry at an outer side of the short-wall face after supporting, and excavating a roadway at an outer side of a short-wall face adjacent to the current short-wall face at the same time;   c) excavating an open-off cut from the roadway to the current short-wall face after the roadway is excavated; utilizing the entry and the adjacent excavated roadway to form a backfill-mining working face at an adjacent short-wall face, continuing the mining in a fully mining and fully back-filling mode and filling the adjacent short-wall face with gangues; at the same time, transferring excavating equipment to excavate adjacent roadway and open-off cut of a next short-wall face to prepare for the follow-up mining of the next short-wall face;   d) repeating the steps b and c and thereby realizing continuous mining of the short-wall face, with the gangues disposed in the mine shaft, until all gangues produced in the downhole operation are disposed in the mine shaft; thus, zero downhole gangue discharge is realized.   
     
     
         2 . The zero-gangue-discharge short-wall face pillar-free mining method according to  claim 1 , wherein, the short-wall face is used to dispose gangues underground, and the short-wall face is 30˜50 m in width, in height equal to a height of the coal seam, and 1,000 m˜3,000 m in length. 
     
     
         3 . The zero-gangue-discharge short-wall face pillar-free mining method according to  claim 1 , wherein, the entry is 3˜6 m in width. 
     
     
         4 . The zero-gangue-discharge short-wall face pillar-free mining method according to  claim 1 , wherein, the short-wall face is mined in a mining sequence of alternating forward mining and backward mining, and the roadway is excavated always by forward excavation.