Apparatus for treatment of snoring and sleep apnoea

Abstract

A portable, battery powered apparatus (10) generates an electrical signal between electrodes (15a, 15b) to be applied to the skin of a patient for reduction or prevention of snoring or obstructive sleep apnoea. The signal comprises electrical stimulation at a frequency of 1-100 Hz and the signal comprises a stimulation free period of at least 0.5 seconds every 20 seconds, avoiding muscle fatigue when used for long periods, e.g. overnight.

1 . A portable, battery powered apparatus that generates an electrical signal between electrodes to be applied to a patient for reduction or prevention of snoring or sleep apnoea, wherein
 the signal comprises electrical stimulation at a frequency of 1-100 Hz; and   the signal comprises a stimulation free period of at least 0.5 seconds every 20 seconds.   
     
     
         2 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , comprising:
 a pair of electrodes, and   a power supply that generates an electrical signal between the electrodes to stimulate a patient's tongue muscle (genioglossus) when the electrodes are attached to the patient, wherein   the signal is periodic and discontinuous so as to provide for continuous treatment without fatigue of a patient's tongue muscles such that the treatment fails to be effective.   
     
     
         3 . The apparatus of  claim 2 , which provides for said continuous treatment over a period of 3 hours or more. 
     
     
         4 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the signal is periodic and discontinuous in that it comprises a stimulation free period of at least 0.5 seconds every 10 seconds. 
     
     
         5 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the signal is discontinuous in that it comprises a stimulation free period of at least 1 second every 10 seconds. 
     
     
         6 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the signal has a frequency of 5-60 Hz. 
     
     
         7 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the signal has a current of up to 20 mA. 
     
     
         8 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the signal comprises pulses of duration up to 1 ms. 
     
     
         9 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , comprising one or more controls for adjustment of one or more signal parameters by the patient, selected from the signal frequency, the signal current, the signal pulse width, the duration of the stimulation free period, and two or more or all such parameters. 
     
     
         10 . The apparatus of  claim 9 , wherein the signal frequency can be adjusted by the patient between three or more frequencies. 
     
     
         11 . The apparatus of  claim 9 , wherein the signal can be adjusted by the patient between three or more current settings. 
     
     
         12 . The apparatus of  claim 1 , wherein the signal delivered by the power supply comprises two phases, a first phase during which its strength gradually increases and a second, later phase during which the signal remains essentially the same strength. 
     
     
         13 . The apparatus of  claim 12 , wherein the duration of the first phase is from about 5 to about 30 minutes. 
     
     
         14 . The apparatus of  claim 12 , wherein during the first phase the signal current or pulse width increases. 
     
     
         15 . A method of treatment of snoring or sleep apnoea, comprising delivering to a patient a signal that stimulates the patient's tongue muscle, wherein the signal has a frequency of 1-100 Hz and is discontinuous in that it comprises a stimulation free period of at least 0.5 seconds every 20 seconds so as to provide for continuous treatment without fatigue of the patient's tongue muscle such that the treatment fails to be effective. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 15 , comprising delivering the signal of the treatment over a period of 3 hours or more. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein the signal has a frequency of 5-60 Hz. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein the signal has a current of up to 20 mA. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein the signal comprises a pulse of duration up to 1 ms. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein the signal is delivered using a portable, battery powered apparatus that generates an electrical signal between electrodes to be applied to a patient for reduction or prevention of snoring or sleep apnoea, wherein
 the signal comprises electrical stimulation at a frequency of 1-100 Hz; and   the signal comprises a stimulation free period of at least 0.5 seconds every 20 seconds.