Apparatus for manipulating crystal morphology to achieve stable fluidization

Abstract

This disclosure provides an apparatus to manipulate the crystal morphology of a powder to improve the flow of a powder from a vessel and/or flowability of a powder in order to achieve stable fluidization of the powder within a vessel.

1 .- 20 . (canceled) 
     
     
         21 . An apparatus for manipulating crystal structure of a powder to improve flowability comprising:
 a vessel having insulation, a rigid exterior shell, an interior space of a predetermined capacity for storing a powder bed comprised of a powder, the powder having a temperature and a crystal structure, the vessel further having an inlet portal through which the powder enters the interior space, and at least one atmospheric vent extending from the interior space through the exterior shell of the vessel;   a gas stream, provided to the powder bed, having a temperature and pressurized to a predetermined pressure by a gas handling system, the predetermined pressure and temperature of the gas stream selected so as to aerate the powder and achieve fluidization;   at least one aeration device selected from the group consisting of air slides, air pads, natural air stones, synthetic air stones, metallic stones, and pozzolanic stones, and installed within the interior space so as to be in contact with the powder bed stored therein, the at least one aeration device having at least one gas inlet connection extending beyond the exterior shell which receives the gas stream;
 wherein the aeration device, able to withstand the temperature of the gas stream, is selected so as to evenly distribute the gas stream to the powder bed to control the temperature of the powder, to cause the powder to undergo a change in the crystal structure of the powder and cause the powder bed to achieve fluidization; 
   a temperature control means for controlling the temperature of the gas stream comprising at least one temperature sensing device and a means by which to control the temperature of the gas stream, selected so as to control the temperature of the powder;   a pressure control means to control the pressure of the gas stream comprising at least one pressure sensing device in contact with the gas stream and positioned upstream of the at least one gas inlet connection and a means for varying the pressure of the gas stream prior to the gas inlet connection; and   an outlet portal positioned below the inlet portal through which the powder exits the vessel.   
     
     
         22 . The apparatus of claim  1 , wherein the crystal structure of the powder substantially includes twinning below a first predetermined transition temperature and the crystal structure of the powder does not include twinning above the first predetermined transition temperature. 
     
     
         23 . The apparatus of claim  1 , wherein the first predetermined transition temperature is about 100 degrees Celsius. 
     
     
         24 . The apparatus of claim  1 , wherein the atmospheric vent comprises a bin vent filter open to the atmosphere, through which the gas stream exits the interior space. 
     
     
         25 . The apparatus of claim  1 , wherein the gas stream is heated and pressurized ambient air. 
     
     
         26 . The apparatus of claim  1 , further comprising a fabric covering the aeration device. 
     
     
         27 . The apparatus of claim  1 , wherein the powder further comprises sodium sulfate. 
     
     
         28 . The apparatus of claim  1 , wherein the temperature the aeration device is able to withstand is at least 220 degrees F.