Surface enhanced raman scattering substrate assembly

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a surface enhanced Raman scattering substrate assembly for detecting an analyte. The assembly can include an etched fiber base. The assembly can further include a metallic nanoparticle coating disposed over at least a portion of the surface etched fiber base.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A method for detecting an analyte, the method comprising:
 contacting an etched fiber base with a medium to collect the analyte from the medium on the etched fiber base, wherein a metallic nanoparticle coating is disposed over at least a portion of an external surface of the etched fiber base, the metallic nanoparticle coating comprising metallic nanoparticles that have a largest dimension of about 25 nm to about 500 nm; and   contacting the etched fiber base comprising the analyte with an electromagnetic emission.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 2 , further comprising identifying or quantifying an analyte in the medium from the spectrum. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising identifying an analyte in the medium from the spectrum. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the etched fiber base is located in at least one of a gaseous phase, a liquid phase, or a solid phase. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the etched fiber base and the medium are located in a sealed environment. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic emission is a laser emission. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the analyte is an indicator of a response to biotic stress. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising heating the analyte to a temperature sufficient to put the analyte into a gaseous phase. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the analyte is chosen from a pesticide, a metabolite, a pathogen, a bacteria, a fungi, a virus, an enzyme, a reactive oxygen species, and a mixture thereof. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 9 , wherein the pesticide is chosen from O-Ethyl S-phenyl ethylphosphonodithioate, thiabendazole, acetamiprid, iron tris(dimethyldithiocarbamate), phosmet, phorate, isocarbophos, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 9 , wherein the metabolite is chosen from salicylic acid, phytoalexin, sulfonic acid, diphenyl sulfide, allyl methyl sulfide, and a mixture thereof. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 9 , wherein the enzyme is chosen from flavin adenine dinucleotide, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 9 , wherein the bacteria is chosen from a gram-positive bacteria, a gram-negative bacteria, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the bacteria is chosen from  Clostridium botulinum, Listeria monocytogenes , Acetic acid bacteria,  Acidaminococcus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Akkermansia muciniphila, Anaerobiospirillum, Anaerolinea thermolimosa, Anaerolinea thermophila, Arcobacter, Arcobacter skirrowii, Armatimonas rosea, Azotobacter salinestris, Bacteroides, Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides ureolyticus , Bacteroidetes,  Bartonella japonica, Bartonella koehlerae, Bartonella taylorii, Bdellovibrio, Brachyspira, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Caldilinea aerophile, Cardiobacterium hominis , Chaperone-Usher fimbriae,  Christensenella, Chthonomonas calidirosea, Coxiella burnetiid , Cyanobacteria,  Cytophaga, Dehalogenimonas lykanthroporepellens, Desulfurobacterium atlanticum, Devosia pacifica, Devosia psychrophila, Devosia soli, Devosia subaequoris, Devosia submarina, Devosia yakushimensis, Dialister, Dictyoglomus thermophilum, Enterobacter, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter cowanii , Enterobacteriaceae, Enterobacteriales,  Escherichia, Escherichia coli, Escherichia fergusonii, Escherichia hermannii, Fimbriimonas ginsengisoli, Flavobacterium, Flavobacterium akiainvivens, Francisella novicida, Fusobacterium necrophorum, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Fusobacterium polymorphum, Haemophilus felis, Haemophilus haemolyticus, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus pittmaniae, Helicobacter, Kingella kingae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Kluyvera ascorbate, Kluyvera cryocrescens, Legionella, Legionella clemsonensis, Legionella pneumophila, Leptonema illini, Leptotrichia buccalis, Levilinea saccharolytica, Luteimonas aquatic, Luteimonas composti, Luteimonas lutimaris, Luteimonas marina, Luteimonas mephitis, Luteimonas vadose, Megamonas, Megasphaera, Meiothermus, Meiothermus timidus, Methylobacterium fujisawaense , Morax-Axenfeld diplobacilli,  Moraxella, Moraxella bovis, Moraxella osloensis, Morganella morganii, Mycoplasma spumans, Neisseria cinereal, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria polysaccharea, Neisseria sicca, Nitrosomonas eutropha, Nitrosomonas halophila , Nonpathogenic organisms, OMPdb,  Pectinatus, Pedobacter heparinus, Pelosinus, Propionispora , Proteobacteria,  Proteus mirabilis, Proteus penneri, Pseudomonas, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas luteola, Pseudoxanthomonas broegbernensis, Pseudoxanthomonas japonensis, Rickettsia rickettsia, Salinibacter ruber, Salmonella, Salmonella bongori, Salmonella enterica, Samsonia , Selenomonadales,  Serratia marcescens, Shigella, Shimwellia, Solobacterium moorei, Sorangium cellulosum, Sphaerotilus natans, Sphingomonas gei, Spirochaeta , Spirochaetaceae,  Sporomusa, Stenotrophomonas, Stenotrophomonas nitritireducens, Thermotoga neapolitana , Thorselliaceae, Trimeric autotransporter adhesion,  Vampirococcus, Verminephrobacter, Vibrio adaptatus, Vibrio azasii, Vibrio campbellii, Vibrio cholerae, Victivallis vadensis, Vitreoscilla, Wolbachia , Yersiniaceae,  Zymophilus , strains thereof, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the medium comprises a food, a beverage, a plant, an animal, a breath, or a mixture thereof. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein the food is chosen from a vegetable, a fruit, a meat, a dairy product, a grain, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 15 , wherein the beverage is chosen from milk, beer, wine, water, juice, coffee, tea, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising detecting the analyte. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising generating a spectrum. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the etched fiber base has a length range from about 3 cm to about 6 cm.