Porous inorganic/organic hybrid materials with ordered domains for chromatographic separations and processes for their preparation

Abstract

Porous hybrid inorganic/organic materials comprising ordered domains are disclosed. Methods of making the materials and use of the materials for chromatographic applications are also disclosed.

1 - 46 . (canceled) 
     
     
         47 . Porous particles comprising ordered domains ordered radially, the particles having ordered pores that are arranged such that they extend substantially parallel to radii of the particles, and wherein said particles have a specific surface area of about 50 to 800 m 2 /g, an average pore diameter of about 50 to 500 Å, or a specific pore volume of about 0.25 to 1.5 cm 3 /g. 
     
     
         48 . The porous particles of  claim 47 , wherein pores of a diameter of less than about 34 Å contribute less than about 110 m 2 /g to a specific surface area of the material. 
     
     
         49 . The porous particles of  claim 47 , wherein diffraction peak maxima observed for said material exhibit a 2θ position that excludes diffraction peaks resulting from atomic-range order that are associated with amorphous material. 
     
     
         50 . The porous particles of  claim 47 , wherein said particles have 5.73% C or less. 
     
     
         51 . The porous particles of  claim 47 , wherein said particles have 0.61% C. 
     
     
         52 . The porous particles of  claim 47 , having formula III:
   [A] y [B] x   (Formula III),
   wherein x and y are whole number integers and A is
   SiO 2 /(R 1   p R 2   q SiO t ) n  or SiO 2 /[R 3 (R 1   r SiO t ) m ] n ; 
   wherein R 1  and R 2  are independently a substituted or unsubstituted C 1  to C 7  alkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, R 3  is a substituted or unsubstituted C 1  to C 7  alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, or arylene group bridging two or more silicon atoms, p and q are 0, 1, or 2, provided that p+q=1 or 2, and that when p+q=1, t=1.5, and when p+q=2, t=1; r is 0 or 1, provided that when r=0, t=1.5, and when r=1, t=1; m is an integer greater than or equal to 2; and n is a number from 0.01 to 100;   B is:
   SiO 2 /(R 4   v SiO t ) n    
   wherein R 4  is hydroxyl, fluorine, alkoxy, aryloxy, substituted siloxane, protein, peptide, carbohydrate, nucleic acid, or combinations thereof, R 4  is not R 1 , R 2 , or R 3 ; v is 1 or 2, provided that when v=1, t=1.5, and when v=2, t=1; and n is a number   from 0.01 to 100.   
     
     
         53 . The porous particles of  claim 52 , wherein R 4  is hydroxyl or alkoxy. 
     
     
         54 . The porous particles of  claim 52 , wherein said particles have a % C of 5.73% or less. 
     
     
         55 . The porous particles of  claim 52 , wherein said particles have a % C of 0.61% C. 
     
     
         56 . The porous particles of  claim 52 , wherein a ratio of x:y is elevated. 
     
     
         57 . The porous particles of  claim 52 , wherein said particles have a specific surface area of about 50 to 800 m 2 /g. 
     
     
         58 . The porous particles of  claim 52 , wherein said particles have an average pore diameter of about 50 to 500 Å. 
     
     
         59 . The porous particles of  claim 52 , wherein said particles have a specific pore volume of about 0.25 to 1.5 cm 3 /g. 
     
     
         60 . The porous particles of  claim 52 , wherein pores of a diameter of less than about 34 Å contribute less than about 110 m 2 /g to a specific surface area of the material. 
     
     
         61 . The porous particles of  claim 52 , wherein diffraction peak maxima observed for said material exhibit a 2θ position that excludes diffraction peaks resulting from atomic-range order that are associated with amorphous material. 
     
     
         62 . The porous particles of  claim 50 , wherein said particles have a specific surface area of about 50 to 800 m 2 /g. 
     
     
         63 . The porous particles of  claim 50 , wherein said particles have an average pore diameter of about 50 to 500 Å. 
     
     
         64 . The porous particles of  claim 50 , wherein said particles have a specific pore volume of about 0.25 to 1.5 cm 3 /g. 
     
     
         65 . The porous particles of  claim 50 , wherein diffraction peak maxima observed for said material exhibit a 2θ position that excludes diffraction peaks resulting from atomic-range order that are associated with amorphous material. 
     
     
         66 . Porous particles comprising ordered domains ordered radially, the particles having ordered pores that are arranged such that they extend substantially parallel to radii of the particles, wherein said particles have a specific surface area of about 50 to 800 m 2 /g, an average pore diameter of about 50 to 500 Å, and a specific pore volume of about 0.25 to 1.5 cm 3 /g, wherein pores of a diameter of less than about 34 Å contribute less than about 110 m 2 /g to a specific surface area of the material, and wherein diffraction peak maxima observed for said material exhibit a 2θ position that excludes diffraction peaks resulting from atomic-range order that are associated with amorphous material.