Herbage fiber material normalization arrangement apparatus and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a herbage fiber material normalization arrangement apparatus and a method, wherein the apparatus comprises: a feeding device, a grinding device, a separation device and a dust collection device, the feeding device feeds materials to the grinding device; the grinding device includes a rack and multiple pairs of grinding rollers provided on the rack, installation shafts of driven rollers may displace up and down, the grinding device further includes springs which apply downward pre-tensioning forces to the installation shafts of the driven rollers; the separation device is used to separate scraps from bast fibers; the dust collection device includes a housing, a dust collection tube which communicates with an interior of the housing, and an exhaust fan which causes a negative pressure to be formed within the housing and the dust collection tube. A technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome a disadvantage of an existing apparatus for separating the bast fibers and the epidermis in which the separation is incomplete or the bast fibers are damaged and the environment is polluted, and there is provided a herbage fiber material normalization arrangement apparatus which is able to not damage fibers and is environmentally friendly while separating the bast fibers and the epidermis.

1 . A herbage fiber material normalization arrangement apparatus, characterized in that, comprising:
 a feeding device which includes a conveyor belt for conveying herbage fiber materials and a feeding drive device for driving the conveyor belt to operate;   a grinding device which includes a rack and multiple pairs of grinding rollers provided on the rack, the multiple pairs of grinding rollers including straight tooth rollers, left-hand curved tooth rollers, right-hand curved tooth rollers and straight tooth rollers set in order in a feeding direction, each pair of grinding rollers including a driving roller and a driven roller which is located directly above the driving roller and meshes with the driving roller, a grinding space, which allows the herbage fiber materials to pass, being formed between a meshing plane of concave and convex teeth of the driving roller and a meshing plane of concave and convex teeth of the driven roller, grinding spaces of the multiple pairs of grinding rollers being aligned in a horizontal plane to constitute a part of a grinding channel, the rack being provided with a slideway which extends upward and downward, installation shafts of the driven rollers being able to displace to a certain degree along the slideway in an up and down direction, and being simultaneously limited in a horizontal direction, the grinding device further including multiple springs, one end of each spring being fixed to the rack, the other end of each spring contacting the installation shaft of the driven roller, the multiple springs contacting the multiple driven rollers in a one-to-one corresponding way, the springs applying downward pre-tensioning forces to the installation shafts of the driven rollers, one end of the grinding device which is connected with the feeding device being provided with a guide barrel which is used to receive the herbage fiber materials from the feeding device and perform preliminary shaping on them, the guide barrel having a rectangular inlet facing the feeding device and a rectangular outlet facing the grinding rollers, and in the up and down direction, a size of the inlet being larger than that of the outlet, the outlet of the guide barrel facing the grinding channel and guiding the herbage fiber materials into the grinding space;   a separation device which includes a perforated conveyor device, a vibration drive device for driving the perforated conveyor device to vibrate, and a blower for blowing away crushed scraps of an epidermis;   a dust collection device which includes a housing which covers at least the grinding device and the separation device, a dust collection tube which communicates with an interior of the housing, and an exhaust fan which causes a negative pressure to be formed within the housing and the dust collection tube.   
     
     
         2 . The herbage fiber material normalization arrangement apparatus according to  claim 1 , characterized in that, the dust collection device includes a first dust collection tube which communicates with a top of the housing and a second dust collection tube which communicates with a bottom of the housing, a position in which the housing communicates with the first dust collection tube has a reverse funnel shape, a position in which the housing communicates with the second dust collection tube has a funnel shape. 
     
     
         3 . The herbage fiber material normalization arrangement apparatus according to  claim 1 , characterized in that, in a position close to the position where the feeding device and the grinding device connect, the housing of the dust collection device is provided with a material inlet which allows the herbage fiber materials to pass, and in a position close to one end of the separation device which is remote from the grinding device, the housing of the dust collection device is provided with a material outlet which allows the herbage fiber materials to pass. 
     
     
         4 . The herbage fiber material normalization arrangement apparatus according to  claim 1 , characterized in that, a distance between the meshing plane of concave and convex teeth of the driving roller and the meshing plane of concave and convex teeth of the driven roller is 2-10 mm, sizes in a direction of the shaft of the meshing plane of concave and convex teeth of the driving roller and the meshing plane of concave and convex teeth of the driven roller are the same and are 400-1000 mm. 
     
     
         5 . The herbage fiber material normalization arrangement apparatus according to  claim 1 , characterized in that, the pre-tensioning force of the spring is 150-250 KN. 
     
     
         6 . The herbage fiber material normalization arrangement apparatus according to  claim 5 , characterized in that, one end of the spring is fixed to the rack through a screw, the other end of the spring is fixed to the installation shaft of the driven roller through the screw, an inner diameter of the spring is 12-24 mm, a diameter of the screw is 14-22 mm, an end portion of the spring is fit over the screw. 
     
     
         7 . A herbage fiber material normalization arrangement method, characterized in that, comprising the following steps:
 (1) feeding herbage fiber materials to a guide barrel of a grinding device through a feeding device, and after passing the guide barrel, the herbage fiber materials being preliminarily arranged into a fodder curtain which has width and thickness normalized to be consistent;   (2) causing the herbage fiber materials which are arranged into the fodder curtain to, in order, pass straight tooth rollers to be distributed evenly and compacted, pass left-hand curved tooth rollers to be torn in a left direction, pass right-hand curved tooth rollers to be torn in a right direction, and pass straight tooth rollers to be stretched to be straight;   (3) conveying the herbage fiber materials which pass the rollers to a vibratable separation device, to cause crushed scraps of the epidermis to be separated from the herbage fibers;   the above mentioned respective steps being all done within a housing of a dust collection device, and while executing the above mentioned steps, the crushed scraps of the epidermis and dust within the housing entering a filter under the action of a negative pressure.