Compositions and method for treating and preventing complications of obesity

Abstract

Provided herein are compositions and methods for treating, preventing, and reducing the risk of obesity and related diseases and conditions. In particular, provided herein is a composition comprising a dry powder of fruits and vegetables and uses thereof.

1 . A composition, comprising:
 a dry powder comprising a mixture of fruit species and a mixture of vegetables species, wherein the fruit species are three or more fruit species selected from oranges, apples, bananas, grapes, watermelon, pineapple, strawberries, cantaloupe, lemons, grapefruit, peaches, and pears; and wherein the vegetable species are three or more vegetable species selected from potatoes, tomatoes, sweet corn, onions, head lettuce, romaine, bell peppers, carrots, cucumbers, cabbage, beans, and sweet potato.   
     
     
         2 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the mixture comprises 40-65 grams of dry powder. 
     
     
         3 . The composition of  claim 2 , wherein the mixture comprises six or more fruit species and six or more vegetable species. 
     
     
         4 . The composition of  claim 3 , wherein the mixture comprises 12 fruit species and 12 vegetable species. 
     
     
         5 . The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein said mixture of fruit and vegetable species comprises 16-20% oranges, 14-18% tomatoes, 8-11% apples, 13-16% potatoes, 3.0-5.5% bananas, 3-4% sweet corn, 3-4% grapes, 2-3% lettuce, 1-2% escarole, 1-2% brussels sprouts, 1-2% cabbage, 1-2% carrots, 1-3% onions, 1-2% green peas, 0.5-1.5% watermelon, 0.5-1.5% honeydew melon, 0.5-1.5% broccoli, 1-2% spinach, 0.5-1.5% peppers, 0.5-1.5% snap beans, 0.5-1.5% cantaloupe, 0.4-1.2% cauliflower, 0.5-1.0% mangoes, 0.5-1.0% papaya, 0.3-0.9% celery, 0.4-1.2% cucumbers, 0.5-1.0% pineapple, 0.25-0.75% tangerines, 0.25-0.75% limes, 0.25-0.75% strawberries, 0.25-0.75% raspberries, 0.25-0.75% grapefruit, 0.25-0.75% lemons, 0.25-0.75% cranberries, 0.3-0.5% plums, 0.3-0.5% peaches, 0.3-0.5% cherries, 0.3-0.5% blueberries, 0.3-0.5% apricots, 0.1-0.15% dried peas, 0.1-0.15% great northern beans, 0.1-0.15% dried navy beans, 0.1-0.15% dried lentils, 0.1-0.15% pinto beans, 0.1-0.15% lima beans, 0.1-0.15% red kidney beans, and 0.1-0.15% black beans. 
     
     
         6 . The composition of  claim 5 , wherein said mixture of fruit and vegetable species comprises 18.075% oranges, 16.161% tomatoes, 9.595% apples, 14.493% potatoes, 4.373% bananas, 3.564% sweet corn, 3.383% grapes, 2.537% lettuce, 1.651% escarole, 1.375% brussels sprouts, 1.375% cabbage, 1.329% carrots, 2.017% onions, 1.293% green peas, 1.058% watermelon, 1.058% honeydew melon, 0.84% broccoli, 1.651% spinach, 1.087% peppers, 1.061% snap beans, 1.058% cantaloupe, 0.84% cauliflower, 0.732% mangoes, 0.732% papaya, 0.626% celery, 0.814% cucumbers, 0.732% pineapple, 0.555% tangerines, 0.555% limes, 0.437% strawberries, 0.437% raspberries, 0.555% grapefruit, 0.555% lemons, 0.437% cranberries, 0.388% plums, 0.388% peaches, 0.388% cherries, 0.437% blueberries, 0.388% apricots, 0.121% dried peas, 0.121% great northern beans, 0.121% dried navy beans, 0.121% dried lentils, 0.121% pinto beans, 0.121% lima beans, 0.121% red kidney beans, and 0.121% black beans. 
     
     
         7 . The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the mixture comprises a polyphenol content of 15-25% hesperetin, 15-25% caffeoylquinic acid, 10-20% quercetin, and 5-15% malvidin. 
     
     
         8 . The composition of  claim 7 , wherein the mixture comprises 20.6% hesperetin, 19.1% caffeoylquinic acid, 15.7% quercetin, and 10.3% malvidin. 
     
     
         9 . The composition of any of preceding claims, wherein the mixture further comprises 1-10% naringenin, 1-10% pelargonidin, 1-5% catechin, and 1-5% procyanidin. 
     
     
         10 . The composition of  claim 9 , wherein the mixture comprises 6.5% naringenin, 5.8% pelargonidin, 4.2% catechin, and 3.1% procyanidin. 
     
     
         11 . The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the mixture further comprises one or more polyphenols selected from caffeic acid, peonidin, cyanidin, pinoresinol, p-Coumaroyl, luteolin, petunidin, daidzein, genistein, ellagic acid, and gallic acid. 
     
     
         12 . The composition of  claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises one or more of protein, carbohydrates, or fat. 
     
     
         13 . The composition of  claim 12 , wherein the composition comprises 5-15% protein (kcal/kcal), 75-85% carbohydrates (kcal/kcal), and 0-20% fats (kcal/kcal). 
     
     
         14 . The composition of  claim 12 , wherein the composition comprises 10-12% protein (kcal/kcal), 80-83% carbohydrates (kcal/kcal), and 5-10% fat (kcal/kcal). 
     
     
         15 . The composition of  claim 12 , wherein the composition comprises 11.6% protein (kcal/kcal), 81.2% carbohydrates, and 7.2% fats (kcal/kcal). 
     
     
         16 . The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the dry powder is a freeze-dried powder. 
     
     
         17 . A composition, comprising:
 a dry powder comprising 16-20% oranges, 14-18% tomatoes, 8-11% apples, 13-16% potatoes, 3-5.5% bananas, 3-4% sweet corn, 3-4% grapes, 2-3% lettuce, 1-2% escarole, 1-2% brussels sprouts, 1-2% cabbage, 1-2% carrots, 1-3% onions, 1-2% green peas, 0.5-1.5% watermelon, 0.5-1.5% honeydew melon, 0.5-1.5% broccoli, 1-2% spinach, 0.5-1.5% peppers, 0.5-1.5% snap beans, 0.5-1.5% cantaloupe, 0.4-1.2% cauliflower, 0.5-1.0% mangoes, 0.5-1.0% papaya, 0.3-0.9% celery, 0.4-1.2% cucumbers, 0.5-1.0% pineapple, 0.25-0.75% tangerines, 0.25-0.75% limes, 0.25-0.75% strawberries, 0.25-0.75% raspberries, 0.25-0.75% grapefruit, 0.25-0.75% lemons, 0.25-0.75% cranberries, 0.3-0.5% plums, 0.3-0.5% peaches, 0.3-0.5% cherries, 0.3-0.5% blueberries, 0.3-0.5% apricots, 0.1-0.15% dried peas, 0.1-0.15% great northern beans, 0.1-0.15% dried navy beans, 0.1-0.15% dried lentils, 0.1-0.15% pinto beans, 0.1-0.15% lima beans, 0.1-0.15% red kidney beans, and 0.1-0.15% black beans.   
     
     
         18 . The composition of  claim 17 , wherein said dry powder comprises 18.075% oranges, 16.161% tomatoes, 9.595% apples, 14.493% potatoes, 4.373% bananas, 3.564% sweet corn, 3.383% grapes, 2.537% lettuce, 1.651% escarole, 1.375% brussels sprouts, 1.375% cabbage, 1.329% carrots, 2.017% onions, 1.293% green peas, 1.058% watermelon, 1.058% honeydew melon, 0.84% broccoli, 1.651% spinach, 1.087% peppers, 1.061% snap beans, 1.058% cantaloupe, 0.84% cauliflower, 0.732% mangoes, 0.732% papaya, 0.626% celery, 0.814% cucumbers, 0.732% pineapple, 0.555% tangerines, 0.555% limes, 0.437% strawberries, 0.437% raspberries, 0.555% grapefruit, 0.555% lemons, 0.437% cranberries, 0.388% plums, 0.388% peaches, 0.388% cherries, 0.437% blueberries, 0.388% apricots, 0.121% dried peas, 0.121% great northern beans, 0.121% dried navy beans, 0.121% dried lentils, 0.121% pinto beans, 0.121% lima beans, 0.121% red kidney beans, and 0.121% black beans. 
     
     
         19 . The composition of  claim 17  or  18 , wherein said dry powder is a freeze-dried powder. 
     
     
         20 . A composition, comprising: a dry powder comprising mixture of fruit species and a mixture of vegetables species, and wherein the composition comprises 1-20% protein (kcal/kcal), 60-99% carbohydrates (kcal/kcal), and 0-25% fats (kcal/kcal) 
     
     
         21 . The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein said composition is a nutritional supplement, food, or beverage. 
     
     
         22 . A nutritional supplement, food or beverage product comprising the composition of any of the preceding claims. 
     
     
         23 . The food or beverage product of  claim 22 , wherein the product comprises 2%-20% (w/w) of the composition. 
     
     
         24 . The food or beverage product of  claim 22 , wherein the product comprises 5-15% (w/w) of the composition. 
     
     
         25 . The composition of any one of the preceding claims for use in a method of treating and/or preventing one or more conditions selected from weight gain, obesity, inflammatory conditions, fatty liver disease, high cholesterol, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, low gut microbiota diversity, heart disease, and atherosclerosis. 
     
     
         26 . The composition of any one of the preceding claims for use in a method of any one or more of the following: decreasing fat mass, increasing muscle mass, reducing inflammatory cytokines and/or ceramides, reducing tissue inflammation, decreasing cholesterol, improving glucose tolerance, improving immune response, increasing gut microbiota diversity, increasing lifespan, improving cognition, and improving bone health. 
     
     
         27 . The use of the composition of any of the preceding claims for treating and/or preventing one or more conditions selected from weight gain, obesity, inflammatory conditions, fatty liver disease, high cholesterol, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, low gut microbiota diversity, heart disease, and atherosclerosis. 
     
     
         28 . The use of the composition of any one of the preceding claims for decreasing fat mass, increasing muscle mass, reducing inflammatory cytokines and/or ceramides, reducing tissue inflammation, decreasing cholesterol, improving glucose tolerance, improving immune response, increasing gut microbiota diversity, increasing lifespan, improving cognition, and/or improving bone health. 
     
     
         29 . A method of treating and/or preventing one or more conditions selected from weight gain, obesity, inflammatory conditions, fatty liver disease, high cholesterol, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, low gut microbiota diversity, heart disease, and atherosclerosis in a subject, comprising:
 administering the composition of any of the preceding claims to said subject.   
     
     
         30 . A method of decreasing fat mass, increasing muscle mass, reducing inflammatory cytokines and/or ceramides, reducing tissue inflammation, decreasing cholesterol, improving glucose tolerance, improving immune response, increasing gut microbiota diversity, increasing lifespan, improving cognition, and/or improving bone health in a subject, comprising:
 administering the composition of any of the preceding claims to said subject.   
     
     
         31 . The method of  claim 29  or  30 , wherein said subject is a human. 
     
     
         32 . The method of  claim 29 , wherein said subject exhibits one or more signs or symptoms of said condition and said administering reduces or eliminates said signs or symptoms. 
     
     
         33 . The method of  claims 29  to  32 , wherein said administering is repeated one or more times per day. 
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein said administering is for a period of at least 1 week. 
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein said administering is for a period of at least 1 month. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 33 , wherein said administering is continuous for an indefinite period of time. 
     
     
         37 . The method of  claims 30  to  36 , wherein said administered comprises administering a daily dose equivalent to at least 5 servings of F&V.