Heat exchanger

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger capable of suppressing boiling and lime precipitation due to local overheating of a heating medium and at the same time improving heat transmittance efficiency. The heat exchanger of the present invention for achieving said purpose comprises: heating medium flow paths, through which a heating medium flows, inside a plurality of laminated plates; and a heat exchange unit in which combustion gas flow paths, through which a combustion gas flows, are alternately formed to be adjacent to each other, wherein the heat exchange units have a heating medium differential distribution unit which enables the flow rate of the heating medium to be differentially distributed to parallel heating medium flow paths of the heat exchange unit such that the flow rate of the heating medium passing through the parallel heating medium flow paths is balanced with the quantity of absorbed heat transmitted to the plates.

1 . A heat exchanger comprising:
 a heat exchange unit in which heating medium flow paths and combustion gas flow paths are alternately formed adjacent to each other in a plurality of stacked plates,   wherein a heating medium flows through the heating medium flow paths and combustion gas flows through the combustion gas flow paths; and   a heating medium differential distribution unit formed in the heat exchange unit so that the heating medium is distributed at different flow rates to the heating medium flow paths formed in parallel such that the flow rates of the heating medium passing through the heating medium flow paths, which are formed in parallel, of the heat exchange unit are balanced with amounts of absorbed heat transmitted to the plates.   
     
     
         2 . The heat exchanger of  claim 1 , wherein the heating medium differential distribution unit distributes the heating medium at the different flow rates such that a flow rate of the heating medium passing through the heating medium flow path formed due to an outer plate forming an outer wall of the heat exchange unit among the plurality of plates is less than the flow rate of the heating medium passing through the heating medium flow path formed due to the plate positioned inside the heat exchange unit. 
     
     
         3 . The heat exchanger of  claim 2 , wherein the heating medium differential distribution unit is formed to have a structure in which a heating medium outlet pipe provided at a heating medium outlet side of the heat exchange unit extends toward one side of the heating medium flow paths formed in parallel positioned at the heating medium outlet side. 
     
     
         4 . The heat exchanger of  claim 3 , wherein a lower end portion of the heating medium outlet pipe is spaced a predetermined gap from a discharge port of the heating medium flow path formed due to the outer plate and extends to be positioned at one side of the discharge port of the heating medium flow path. 
     
     
         5 . The heat exchanger of  claim 4 , wherein an extension pipe portion is formed on the heating medium outlet pipe to be spaced the predetermined gap from the discharge port of the heating medium flow path formed due to the outer plate and positioned at the one side of the discharge port of the heating medium flow path. 
     
     
         6 . The heat exchanger of  claim 1 , wherein a sensible heat exchange unit configured to heat the heating medium using sensible heat of the combustion gas generated by combustion of a burner and a latent heat exchange unit configured to heat the heating medium using latent heat of the combustion gas passing through the sensible heat exchange unit are integrally formed in the plurality of stacked plates. 
     
     
         7 . The heat exchanger of  claim 6 , wherein the heating medium differential distribution unit is disposed at a position, which is the same as that of a heating medium outlet pipe provided at a heating medium outlet side of the sensible heat exchange unit, and provided at one side of the sensible heat exchange unit. 
     
     
         8 . The heat exchanger of  claim 6 , wherein the heating medium flow paths of the latent heat exchange unit are formed in parallel. 
     
     
         9 . The heat exchanger of  claim 6 , wherein:
 a connecting path of the heating medium is formed between the sensible heat exchange unit and the latent heat exchange unit; and   the heating medium flow paths of the latent heat exchange unit are connected in parallel between a heating medium inlet through which the heating medium is introduced and the connecting path of the heating medium.   
     
     
         10 . The heat exchanger of  claim 6 , wherein:
 the heat exchange unit surrounds an outer side of a combustion chamber and is provided to have a stacked structure of a plurality of heat exchange units; and   heating medium flow directions are different from each other in the sensible heat exchange unit formed at one side of the plurality of heat exchange units.   
     
     
         11 . The heat exchanger of  claim 10 , wherein:
 the heat exchange unit includes at least two unit heat exchange units; and   the unit heat exchange units are formed such that the heating medium flows in two directions or directions opposite to each other.   
     
     
         12 . The heat exchanger of  claim 11 , wherein:
 the heating medium flows in two directions through a first heat exchange unit positioned at a lower portion of the sensible heat exchange unit;   the heating medium flows in one direction through a second heat exchange unit positioned at an intermediate portion of the sensible heat exchange unit; and   the heating medium flows in a direction opposite to the one direction through a third heat exchange unit positioned at an upper portion of the sensible heat exchange unit.   
     
     
         13 . The heat exchanger of  claim 1 , wherein:
 the heat exchange unit surrounds an outer side of a combustion chamber and is provided to have a stacked structure of a plurality of heat exchange units;   the heating medium flow paths are connected in series between the plurality of heat exchange units; and   the heating medium flow paths are formed in parallel in each of the heat exchange units.   
     
     
         14 . The heat exchanger of  claim 13 , wherein a through hole at one side, another through hole at the other side, a blocking portion, and another blocking portion are formed in one upper side portion of the heat exchange unit,
 wherein the through hole at the one side and the another through hole at the other side provide a connecting path of a heating medium such that the heating medium flows in one direction between the heat exchange units which are stacked adjacent to each other,   the blocking portion guides the heating medium introduced into the heating medium flow path through the through hole at the one side to flow around the combustion chamber in one direction and to flow toward the another through hole at the other side, and   the blocking portion guides the heating medium introduced into the heating medium flow path through the another through hole at the other side to flow around the combustion chamber in a direction opposite to the one direction and to flow toward the through hole at the one side.   
     
     
         15 . The heat exchanger of  claim 13 , wherein:
 a through hole through which the heating medium is introduced and another through hole through which the heating medium is discharged are formed to be adjacent and spaced apart from each other in one side portion of each of the plurality of heat exchange units;   the through hole through which the heating medium is introduced is blocked from the another through hole through which the heating medium is discharged, wherein the through hole and the another through hole are positioned adjacent to each other in the heat exchange unit; and   the through hole through which the heating medium is introduced and the another through hole through which the heating medium is discharged, which are formed in any one heat exchange unit among the heat exchange units which are stacked adjacent to each other, are formed at positions which are opposite to each other and at which the through hole through which the heating medium is introduced and the another through hole through which the heating medium is discharged, which are formed in the remaining one heat exchange unit.