Diabetes Control Using Postprandial Feedback

Abstract

Disclosed is a postprandial glucose-measuring device for preventing the development of or reversing T2D. Included are methods for using the device as well as better use for invasive and noninvasive glucose meters. Further disclosed are novel exercise-sensitizing compositions useful for managing blood glucose levels in Type-2 diabetics with minimal risk of hypoglycemia. The disclosed glucose meters allow a user to also measure exercise and meal size—all with relatively instant feedback—more effectively than having to track the complexity posed by labels, glycemic index and calories. Also disclosed is integration of glucose-measuring devices with smartphones and health monitoring technology to make possible safe and effective interpretation of postprandial glucose readings by a patient to control or reverse Type-2 diabetes.

1 - 20 . (canceled) 
     
     
         21 . A postprandial monitoring device for providing feedback to a subject to assist in adjusting glucose levels by way of postprandial exercise, the device comprising:
 an enzyme selected from a group consisting of glucose oxidase, glucose dehydrogenase, and glucose hexokinase for detecting a glucose level in a semi-invasively sampled biological fluid;   a display for showing the glucose level by way of a plurality of categories selected from a group consisting of a Low category encompassing a range of below about 70 mg/dL, a Desired category encompassing a range from about 70 mg/dL to about 130 mg/dL, or from about 70 mg/dL to about 120 mg/dL, or from about 70 mg/dL to about 100 mg/dL, a ‘Moderately High’ category encompassing a range from about 120 mg/dL to about 150 mg/dL, a ‘Excellent’ category encompassing glucose levels of about 70 mg/dL to about 85 mg/dL and the ‘Too High’ category encompassing glucose levels of about 150 mg/dL or higher.   
     
     
         22 . A postprandial monitoring device for providing feedback to a subject to assist in adjusting glucose levels by way of postprandial exercise, the device comprising:
 an enzyme selected from a group consisting of glucose oxidase, glucose dehydrogenase, and glucose hexokinase for detecting a glucose level in a semi-invasively sampled biological fluid;   a display for showing the glucose level by way of a plurality of categories selected from a group consisting of a category flagging need for more accurate testing of glucose levels encompassing a range of below about 70 mg/dL, a Desired category encompassing a range from about 70 mg/dL to about 130 mg/dL, or from about 70 mg/dL to about 120 mg/dL, or from about 70 mg/dL to about 100 mg/dL, a ‘Moderately High’ category encompassing a range from about 120 mg/dL to about 150 mg/dL, a ‘Excellent’ category encompassing glucose levels of about 70 mg/dL to about 85 mg/dL and the ‘Too High’ category encompassing glucose levels of about 150 mg/dL or higher.   
     
     
         23 . The postprandial monitoring device that communicates a detected glucose level depending on a detection method, wherein invasively or semi-invasively detected glucose levels are communicated as concentrations and noninvasive glucose detection is communicated by way of overlapping categories selected from a group consisting of a Low category encompassing a range of below about 75 mg/dL, a Desired category encompassing a range from about 70 mg/dL to about 130 mg/dL, more preferably from about 70 mg/dL to about 120 mg/dL, and most preferably from about 70 mg/dL to about 100 mg/dL, a ‘Moderately High’ category encompassing a range from about 120 mg/dL to about 150 mg/dL, a ‘Excellent’ category encompassing glucose levels of about 70 mg/dL to about 85 mg/dL and the ‘Too High’ category encompassing glucose levels of about 150 mg/dL or higher. 
     
     
         24 . The postprandial monitoring device of  claim 23 , wherein the device can make both invasive and non-invasive measurements. 
     
     
         25 . The postprandial monitoring device of  claim 24  wherein the display when indicating the ‘Low’ category also indicates an urgent need for checking glucose levels using invasive measurements using. 
     
     
         26 . The postprandial monitoring device of  claim 24 , wherein a noninvasive glucose test takes a time period selected from a group consisting of about 10 seconds, about 15 seconds, about 20 seconds, about 25 seconds, about 30 seconds, about 35 seconds, about 40 seconds, about 45 seconds, about 50 seconds, about 55 seconds, and about 60 seconds or more but less than about 2 minutes. 
     
     
         27 . The postprandial monitoring device of  claim 24  for providing feedback to a subject to improve glycemic control, the device comprising:
 a single use consumable strip for measuring blood/plasma glucose level; and 
 a multi-use consumable for non-invasive glucose level measurements. 
 
     
     
         28 . The postprandial monitoring device of  claim 24  providing feedback to a subject to improve glycemic control, the device comprising:
 a single use consumable strip for measuring blood/plasma glucose level; and 
 a single use consumable for non-invasive glucose level measurements using a biological fluid like saliva, or sweat. 
 
     
     
         29 . The postprandial monitoring device of  claim 28  providing feedback to a subject to improve glycemic control, the device further comprising:
 a display or transmission facility for reporting a function of the difference as a measure of glucose levels; and 
 wherein the display indicates noninvasive glucose detection results as one of a plurality of categories instead of concentration units for glucose levels, and further flags glucose level falling below a threshold, or a reduction by a prescribed percent of a peak blood glucose level, or being within a category for the blood or plasma glucose level. 
 
     
     
         30 . The postprandial monitoring device of  claim 31  for providing feedback to a subject to improve glycemic control, wherein the device communicates measurements to a smartphone. 
     
     
         31 . The postprandial monitoring device of  claim 31  providing feedback to a subject to improve glycemic control, wherein the device operates with a smartphone as a system to transmit anonymized results and comparisons and rankings with other comparable user's results on one or more of a group consisting of meal size control, glycemic control, and weight loss. 
     
     
         32 . A kit comprising the postprandial monitoring device of  claim 28  providing feedback to a subject to improve glycemic control, the kit including a consumable saliva inducer to spike saliva with an effective amount of an amylase inhibitor and an effective amount of an SGLT inhibitor in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, polymorph, solvate, prodrug, enantiomer, or stereoisomer thereof.