Salt recovery solution and processes of use thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a salt recovery solution and to a process for separating a salt from an aqueous solution. The present disclosure also relates to a salt recovery solution and to its use to concentrate a salt or brine solution by recovering water therefrom. The salt recovery solution suitable for recovering a salt from an aqueous solution comprises at least one tertiary amine containing compound; and at least one enolisable carbonyl.

1 . A salt recovery solution suitable for recovering a salt from a first aqueous solution, the salt recovery solution comprising:
 a) at least one tertiary amine containing compound; and   b) at least one enolisable carbonyl.   
     
     
         2 .- 57 . (canceled) 
     
     
         58 . The salt recovery solution of  claim 1 , wherein the salt recovery solution comprises:
 a) at least one tertiary amine containing compound; and   b) at least one enolisable carbonyl of Formula I,   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
       wherein
 c) R 1  and R 2  are independently selected from a —C 1 -C 7  alkyl or a —C 3 -C 7  monocyclic; or 
 d) one of R 1  or R 2  is selected from a —O—(C 1 -C 7  alkyl) and the other is selected from a —C 1 -C 7  alkyl, or 
 e) R 1  and R 2  together, with the carbonyl of Formula I, form a 3-15 membered monocyclic ketone or a 3-15 membered monocyclic heterocyclic ketone; or 
 
       wherein 
       R 1  and R 2  together with the carbonyl of Formula I form an 8-15 membered aromatic system optionally including one or more heteroatoms selected from S, N or O. 
     
     
         59 . The salt recovery solution of  claim 1 , wherein the salt recovery solution comprises at least one enolisable carbonyl of Formula II, 
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
         wherein X is a 5-8 membered aromatic monocyclic optionally containing a heteroatom selected from S, N or O; 
         each R 3 , if present, is selected independently from a halo, a hydroxy, a —NO 2 , a C 1 -C 7  alkyl, or a —O—(C 1 -C 7  alkyl); 
         R 4  is selected from a halo, a —O—(C 1 -C 7  alkyl); a C 1 -C 7  alkyl optionally substituted with a halo, a hydroxy, a —O—(C 1 -C 7  alkyl) or a C 3 -C 7  monocyclic; or a C 3 -C 7  monocyclic optionally substituted with a halo, a hydroxy, a C 1 -C 7  alkyl, or a —O—(C 1 -C 7  alkyl); 
         m is 0, 1, 2 or 3 carbons, each carbon being optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from a halo, hydroxy, a C 1 -C 7  alkyl optionally substituted with a halo or a hydroxy; a C 1 -C 7  alkyl, a —O—(C 1 -C 7  alkyl) or a C 3 -C 7  monocyclic; and 
         n is 0, 1, 2 or 3. 
       
     
     
         60 . The salt recovery solution of  claim 58 , wherein the salt recovery solution comprises a combination of more than one enolisable carbonyl of Formula I. 
     
     
         61 . The salt recovery solution of  claim 59 , wherein the salt recovery solution comprises a combination of more than one enolisable carbonyl of Formula I and Formula II. 
     
     
         62 . The salt recovery solution of  claim 1 , wherein the salt recovery solution comprises
 (i) a combination of more than one tertiary amine containing compound; or   (ii) at least one tertiary amine containing compound is selected from a conjugated, aliphatic, asymmetric or cyclic tertiary amine; or   (iii) a tertiary amine containing compound selected from the following:   
       
         
           
           
               
               
           
         
       
     
     
         63 . The salt recovery solution of  claim 62 , wherein the at least one tertiary amine containing compound is selected from the following:
 (i) 1-ethylpyrrolidine, 2-methylpyridine, N-methylpiperidine, and 4-ethylmorpholine; or   (ii) a —N(C 1 -C 7  alkyl) 3 , or   (iv) a —N(C 1 -C 4  alkyl) 3  or   (v) —N(C 2  alkyl) 3  (triethylamine).   
     
     
         64 . The salt recovery solution of  claim 58 , wherein R 1  and R 2  of Formula I are independently selected from a —C 1 -C 7  alkyl, preferably methyl and ethyl. 
     
     
         65 . The salt recovery solution of  claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of the at least one tertiary amine containing compound to the one or more enolisable carbonyls are present
 (i) in a ratio of about 1:99 or 99:1; (ii) in a ratio of about 1:50 or 50:1;   (iii) in a ratio of about 1:10 or 10:1;   (iv) in a ratio of about 1:5 or 5:1;   (vi) in a ratio of about 1:3 or 3:1;   (vii) in a ratio of about 1:2 or 2:1; or   (viii) in a ratio of about 1:1.   
     
     
         66 . The salt recovery solution of  claim 1 , for use in
 (i) a non-membrane process;   (ii) a non-osmotic process; or   (iii) a non-membrane and non-osmotic process.   
     
     
         67 . A process for separating a salt from a first aqueous solution, the process comprising the steps of:
 (a) adding the salt containing first aqueous solution to a salt recovery solution as defined in  claim 1 ; and   (b) allowing the salt to precipitate on passage through the salt recovery solution.   
     
     
         68 . The process of  claim 67 , wherein the process includes the further step of adding an additive to the salt recovery solution to further release water held within the salt recovery solution. 
     
     
         69 . The process of  claim 68 , wherein the additive is citric acid or a citric acid solution. 
     
     
         70 . The process of  claim 67 , wherein the salt recovery solution is recycled for use in a further separation process. 
     
     
         71 . The process of  claim 67 , wherein the process is a continuous process. 
     
     
         72 . The process of  claim 67 , wherein the process
 (i) concentrates the salt containing first aqueous solution;   (ii) is a minimal discharge process;   (i) is a zero-liquid discharge process.   
     
     
         73 . A process for concentrating a salt containing first aqueous solution, the process comprising the steps of:
 (a) adding the salt containing first aqueous solution to a salt recovery solution as defined in  claim 1 ; and   (b) allowing water from the salt containing aqueous solution to pass into the salt recovery solution.   
     
     
         74 . The process of  claim 67 , wherein the salt containing first aqueous solution is sea water or a brine. 
     
     
         75 . The process of  claim 67 , wherein the process is
 (i) a non-membrane process;   (ii) a non-osmotic process; or   (iii) a non-membrane and non-osmotic process.   
     
     
         76 . The process of  claim 73 , wherein the process concentrates the first aqueous solution by
 (i) at least 20%;   (ii) at least 30%;   (iii) by at least 40%;   (iv) by at least 50%;   (v) by at least 60%;   (vi) by at least 70%;   (vii) by at least 80%; or   (ix) by at least 90%.   
     
     
         77 . The process of  claim 73 , wherein the process is a minimal discharge process or a zero-liquid discharge process.