Naphthenic compositions derived from fcc process fractions

Abstract

Systems and methods are provided for producing naphthenic compositions corresponding to various types of products, such as naphthenic base oil, specialty industrial oils, and/or hydrocarbon fluids. The methods of producing the naphthenic compositions can include exposing a heavy fraction from a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process, such as a FCC bottoms fraction (i.e., a catalytic slurry oil), to hydroprocessing conditions corresponding to hydrotreating and/or aromatic saturation conditions. Naphthenic compositions formed from processing of FCC fractions are also provided.

1 . A method for processing a product fraction from a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process, comprising:
 exposing a feed comprising a catalytic slurry oil, the feed comprising a 343° C.+ portion, to a hydrotreating catalyst under effective hydrotreating conditions to form a hydrotreated effluent, the 343° C.+ portion of the feed comprising a density of 1.06 g/cm3 or more, and   exposing at least a portion of the 343° C.+ portion to a hydroprocessing catalyst under effective hydroprocessing conditions to form a hydroprocessed effluent,   wherein a C5+ portion of the hydroprocessed effluent comprises 50 mol % or more naphthenic carbons and 500 wppm or less of sulfur.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the C5+ portion of the hydroprocessed effluent comprises 60 mol % or more of naphthenic carbons, or wherein the C5+ portion of the hydroprocessed effluent comprises 30 mol % or less of paraffinic carbons, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the C5+ portion of the hydroprocessed effluent comprises 50 wt % or more saturates. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the C5+ portion of the hydroprocessed effluent comprises 15 wt % or less aromatics, or wherein the C5+ portion of the hydroprocessed effluent comprises 15 mol % or less of aromatic carbons, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the C5+ portion of the hydroprocessed effluent comprises a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 2.0 cSt to 30 cSt, a viscosity index of 25 or less, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the C5+ portion of the hydroprocessed effluent comprises 100 wppm or less of sulfur. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising fractionating the C5+ portion of the hydroprocessed effluent to form one or more naphthenic base oil compositions, the one or more naphthenic base oil compositions comprising:
 a) at least one naphthenic base oil composition comprising a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 1.5 cSt to 4.0 cSt, a viscosity index of −20 to 25, and a T5 distillation point of 270° C. or more;   b) at least one naphthenic base oil composition comprising a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 4.5 cSt to 8.0 cSt, a viscosity index of −50 to 0, and a T5 distillation point of 300° C. or more;   c) at least one naphthenic base oil composition comprising a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 8.0 cSt to 20 cSt, a viscosity index of −80 to −20, and a T5 distillation point of 330° C. or more;   d) at least one naphthenic base oil composition comprising a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 25 cSt to 75 cSt, a viscosity index of −120 to −50, and a T5 distillation point of 360° C. or more;   e) a combination of two or more of a), b), c), and d); or   f) a combination of three or more of a), b), c), and d).   
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein the one or more naphthenic base oil compositions comprise 60 mol % or more of naphthenic carbons, or wherein the one or more naphthenic base oil compositions comprise 30 mol % or less paraffinic carbons, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 7 , wherein the one or more naphthenic base oil compositions comprise 50 wt % or more saturates, or wherein the one or more naphthenic base oil compositions comprise 15 mol % or less of aromatic carbons, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the hydroprocessed effluent is formed without exposing the catalytic slurry oil to a dewaxing catalyst under catalytic dewaxing conditions, or wherein the hydroprocessed effluent is formed without exposing the catalytic slurry oil to a catalyst comprising a zeotype framework in the presence of hydrogen under hydroprocessing conditions, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the effective hydroprocessing conditions comprise fixed bed hydroprocessing conditions. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the feed comprises a fraction from a fluid catalytic cracking process having a T5 distillation point of 343° C. or more, a T95 distillation point of 566° C. or less, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 12 , further comprising treating the fraction from the fluid catalytic cracking process to form a treated fraction comprising a particle content of 500 wppm or less of particles having a size of 25 μm or more, the catalytic slurry oil comprising at least a portion of the treated fraction. 
     
     
         14 . A naphthenic base oil composition, comprising 500 wppm or less sulfur, 18 mol % to 30 mol % paraffinic carbons, 50 mol % or more of naphthenic carbons, a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 2.0 cSt to 30 cSt, a viscosity index of 25 or less, and a T5 distillation point of 260° C. or more. 
     
     
         15 . The composition of  claim 14 , wherein the composition comprises 70 mol % or more naphthenic carbons and a viscosity index of −50 to 25. 
     
     
         16 . The composition of  claim 14 , wherein the composition comprises 60 mol % to 70 mol % naphthenic carbons and a viscosity index of −100 to 10. 
     
     
         17 . The composition of  claim 14 , wherein the composition comprises 50 mol % to 60 mol % naphthenic carbons and a viscosity index of −150 to −20. 
     
     
         18 . The composition of  claim 14 , wherein the composition comprises 25 mol % to 30 mol % paraffinic carbons, 65 mol % to 75 mol % of naphthenic carbons, a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 8.0 cSt to 15 cSt, and a viscosity index of −40 or less. 
     
     
         19 . The composition of  claim 14 , wherein the composition comprises 50 wt % or more saturates. 
     
     
         20 . The composition of  claim 14 , wherein the composition comprises 15 wt % or less aromatics, or wherein the composition comprises 15 mol % or less of aromatic carbons, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         21 . The composition of  claim 14 , wherein the composition comprises 5 mol % or less aromatic carbons, or wherein the composition comprises 1.0 wt % or less aromatics, or a combination thereof. 
     
     
         22 . A naphthenic base oil composition, comprising 500 wppm or less sulfur, 18 mol % to 30 mol % paraffinic carbons and 60 mol % or more of naphthenic carbons, the naphthenic base oil composition further comprising:
 a) a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 1.5 cSt to 4.5 cSt, a viscosity index of −20 to 25, and a T5 distillation point of 270° C. or more;   b) a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 4.5 cSt to 8.0 cSt, a viscosity index of −50 to 0, and a T5 distillation point of 300° C. or more;   c) a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 8.0 cSt to 20 cSt, a viscosity index of −80 to −20, and a T5 distillation point of 330° C. or more; or   d) a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 20 cSt to 75 cSt, a viscosity index of −120 to −50, and a T5 distillation point of 360° C. or more.