Compositions Containing Nucleosides and Manganese and Their Uses

Abstract

This invention encompasses methods of preserving protein function by contacting a protein with a composition comprising one or more purine or pyrimidine nucleosides (such as e.g., adenosine or uridine) and an antioxidant (such as e.g., manganese). In addition, the invention encompasses methods of treating and/or preventing a side effect of radiation exposure and methods of preventing a side effect of radiotherapy comprising administration of a pharmaceutically effective amount of a composition comprising one or more purine or pyrimidine nucleosides (such as e.g., adenosine or uridine) and an antioxidant (such as e.g., manganese) to a subject in need thereof. The compositions may comprise D. radiodurans extracts.

We claim: 
     
         1 . A method of treating and/or preventing a side effect of radiation exposure in a subject in need thereof comprising administration of a pharmaceutically effective amount of a composition comprising one or more purine nucleosides and one or more antioxidants to a subject in need thereof. 
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the radiation is selected from the group consisting of UV light, alpha radiation, beta radiation, gamma radiation, X-ray radiation and neutron radiation. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more purine nucleosides is selected from the group consisting of adenosine, uridine, β-pseudouridine, inosine, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the one or more antioxidants is selected from the group consisting of manganese, MnCl 2 , and manganous phosphate. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises an amino acid selected from the group consisting of alanine, valine and leucine. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a  D. radiodurans  extract. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the method prevents one or more side effects of radiotherapy. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the concentration of one or more purine nucleosides comprises about 1 to about 15 mM of adenosine and/or uridine. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein concentration of the one or more antioxidants comprises about 1 to about 12.5 mM of manganese. 
     
     
         10 . A method for storing a protein comprising contacting a protein with a composition comprising one or more purine nucleosides and one or more antioxidants. 
     
     
         11 . A method of treating and/or preventing a side effect of radiation exposure in a subject in need thereof comprising administration of a pharmaceutically effective amount of a  D. radiodurans  extract comprising one or more purine nucleosides and one or more antioxidants to a subject in need thereof. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the radiation is selected from the group consisting of UV light, alpha radiation, beta radiation, gamma radiation, X-ray radiation and neutron radiation. 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the one or more purine nucleosides is selected from the group consisting of adenosine, uridine, β-pseudouridine, inosine, and mixtures thereof. 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the one or more antioxidants is selected from the group consisting of manganese, MnCl 2  and manganous phosphate. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the  D. radiodurans  extract further comprises an amino acid selected from the group consisting of alanine, valine, and leucine. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the method prevents one or more side effects of radiotherapy. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the concentration of one or more purine nucleosides comprises about 1 to about 15 mM of adenosine and/or uridine. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein concentration of the one or more antioxidants comprises about 1 to about 12.5 mM of manganese. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 11 , wherein the  D. radiodurans  extract produced by a method comprising the steps of:
 harvesting a  D. radiodurans  culture by centrifugation;   lysing the  D. radiodurans  culture to create a  D. radiodurans  lysate;   washing the  D. radiodurans  lysate;   centrifuging the  D. radiodurans  lysate for a time and under conditions sufficient to create a supernatant;   passing the supernatant through a less than 3 kiloDalton filter; and   boiling the supernatant for about 15 to about 45 minutes,   wherein the extract is soluble in butanol, resistant to boiling, and cell-free.