Deblended and deghosted seismic data

Abstract

Deblending and deghosting seismic data may include processing blended seismic data acquired after actuation of a first seismic source located at a first depth and a second seismic source located at a second depth. The processing may comprise deblending and deghosting the blended seismic data based on a difference in ghost responses of the first seismic source and the second seismic source.

1 . A method, comprising:
 deblending and deghosting blended seismic data acquired after actuation of a first seismic source and a second seismic source, comprising:
 strengthening a first seismic source response associated with the first seismic source; 
 strengthening a second seismic source response associated with the second seismic source; and 
 estimating a deblended and deghosted seismic source response based on the strengthened first and the strengthened second seismic source responses. 
   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising deblending and deghosting the blended seismic data based on a difference in ghost responses of the first seismic source and the second seismic source. 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising deblending and deghosting the blended seismic data based on at least one of a non-flat and a not-fully-reflective air-water surface. 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising removing an interfering blended seismic ghost response from the estimated deblended and deghosted seismic source response based on the deblended and deghosted data. 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising removing an interfering blended seismic source response from the estimated deblended and deghosted seismic source response based on the deblended and deghosted data. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising deblending and deghosting blended seismic data acquired after actuation, at a first time, of the first seismic source and actuation, at a second time, of the second seismic source. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising deblending and deghosting blended seismic data acquired after simultaneous actuation of the first seismic source at a first depth and the second seismic source at a second depth. 
     
     
         8 . A system, comprising:
 a data store; and   a processing hardware engine configured to:
 deblend and deghost blended seismic data acquired after actuation of a first seismic source and a second seismic source; 
 strengthen a first seismic source response associated with the first seismic source; 
 strengthen a second seismic source response associated with the second seismic source; and 
 estimate a deblended and deghosted seismic source response based on the strengthened first and the strengthened second seismic source responses. 
   
     
     
         9 . The system of  claim 8 , wherein the processing hardware engine is configured to process the blended seismic data acquired after actuation at a first time of the first seismic source and actuation at a second time of the second seismic source. 
     
     
         10 . The system of  claim 8 , wherein the processing hardware engine is configured to process the blended seismic data acquired after iterative actuation of the first seismic source at a first time and actuation of the second seismic source at varying times. 
     
     
         11 . The system of  claim 8 , wherein the blended seismic data comprises:
 a first seismic source response;   a first ghost response associated with the first seismic source response;   a second seismic source response; and   a second ghost response associated with the second seismic source response.   
     
     
         12 . The system of  claim 8 , wherein the processing hardware engine is configured to strengthen the first and the second seismic sources based on a difference in ghost responses of the first seismic source and the second seismic source resulting from a depth difference between the first and the second seismic sources. 
     
     
         13 . A method, comprising:
 receiving blended seismic data, the blended seismic data including:
 a first set of seismic data received in response to actuation of a first seismic source located at a first depth; and 
 a second set of seismic data received in response to actuation of a second seismic source stacked with the first seismic source and located at a second depth; and 
   deblending and deghosting blended seismic data acquired after actuation of a first seismic source and a second seismic source, comprising:
 strengthening a first seismic source response associated with the first seismic source; and 
 strengthening a second seismic source response associated with the second seismic source. 
   
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein deblending the blended seismic data comprises strengthening the first response and the second response using wavefield extrapolation. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 13 , further comprising estimating a deblended and deghosted seismic source response based on the deblended and deghosted seismic data. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 15 , further comprising:
 removing interfering seismic data from the estimated seismic source response based on the deblended and deghosted seismic data; and   deghosting remaining seismic data.   
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the first set of seismic data and the second set of seismic data are acquired in response to simultaneous actuation of the first and the second seismic sources. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the blended seismic data includes a plurality of sets of seismic data, each set within the plurality of sets acquired in response to actuation of an associated seismic source located at a particular depth,
 wherein the particular depth is different for each set within the plurality of sets.   
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 13 , wherein the first set of seismic data and the second set of seismic data are acquired in response to a simultaneous long offset (SLO) acquisition. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 13 , further comprising:
 towing two or more seismic sources and a plurality of seismic sensors through a body of water above a subterranean formation; and   identifying the seismic data from the plurality of seismic sensors.