Metalworking Fluid

Abstract

A metalworking fluid is disclosed. The fluid comprises an oleaginous component, an aqueous component, and a surfactant dispersed in the aqueous component. The fluid comprises micelles of the oleaginous and the aqueous component. The average micelle diameter follows a Gaussian distribution having a mean μ, and wherein the standard deviation a is less than or equal to 0.2μ.

1 . Metalworking fluid comprising an emulsion of:
 An oleaginous component;   An aqueous component; and   A surfactant;   Wherein the fluid comprises micelles of the oleaginous or the aqueous component with the surfactant, and wherein the average micelle diameter follows a Gaussian distribution having a mean μ and a standard deviation σ, and wherein the standard deviation σ is less than or equal to 0.2μ.   
     
     
         2 . Metalworking fluid as claimed in  claim 1 , wherein the metalworking fluid does not contain defoamers or anti-foam compounds. 
     
     
         3 . Metalworking fluid as claimed in  claim 1  or  2 , wherein the surfactant is bound within micelles of the oleaginous or the aqueous component, such there is substantially no unbound surfactant present in the fluid. 
     
     
         4 . Metalworking fluid as claimed in any of  claims 1  to  3 , wherein the micelle is a normal-phase micelle, and the oleaginous component forms the centre of the micelle. 
     
     
         5 . Metalworking fluid as claimed in  claim 4 , wherein the surface comprises at least one surfactant monomer layer. 
     
     
         6 . Metalworking fluid as claimed in any of  claims 1  to  5 , wherein the mean average micelle diameter is 0.3 μm and the standard deviation is 0.06 μm. 
     
     
         7 . Metalworking fluid as claimed in any of  claims 1  to  6 , wherein the average micelle diameter is ≤0.3 μm. 
     
     
         8 . Metalworking fluid as claimed in any of  claims 1  to  7 , wherein the structure of the surfactant dictates the structure of the micelle. 
     
     
         9 . Metalworking fluid as claimed in any of  claims 1  to  3 , wherein the micelle is an inverse-phase micelle, and at least some of the aqueous component forms the centre of the micelle. 
     
     
         10 . Metalworking fluid as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein in use, the emulsion is undiluted, diluted or an additive to a carrier fluid. 
     
     
         11 . Metalworking fluid as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the oleaginous component comprises a lubricating composition. 
     
     
         12 . Metalworking fluid as claimed in  claim 11 , wherein the lubricating composition is a fully formulated lubricant. 
     
     
         13 . Metalworking fluid as claimed in  claim 12 , wherein the lubricating composition is a Group I, II, II, IV or V base oil. 
     
     
         14 . Metalworking fluid as claimed in  claim 11 , wherein the lubricating composition comprises a blend of components, at least one of which has lubricating properties. 
     
     
         15 . Metalworking fluid as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the surfactant is an ionic surfactant, a non-ionic surfactant or a mixture thereof. 
     
     
         16 . Metalworking fluid as claimed in preceding claim, wherein the metalworking fluid is used in a destructive metalworking process. 
     
     
         17 . Metalworking fluid as claimed in any of  claims 1  to  16  wherein the metalworking fluid is used in a deformation metalworking process. 
     
     
         18 . A method of forming a metalworking fluid, comprising:
 Forming a first fluid comprising a surfactant;   Forming a second fluid comprising an oleaginous compound;   Mixing the first fluid and the second fluid under a shear force to produce an intermediate fluid; and   Mixing an aqueous fluid and the intermediate fluid under laminar flow to create a metalworking fluid.   
     
     
         19 . Method of making a metalworking fluid in accordance with any of  claims 1  to  17  using the method as claimed in  claim 18 . 
     
     
         20 . A metalworking fluid made using the method of  claim 18 .