Radio receiver for determining location of a signal source

Abstract

Systems and methods for determining an accurate location of a signal's source of transmission. The methods involve: demodulating a detected carrier signal modulated with a Pseudo Noise (“PN”) code sequence to obtain an original information-bearing signal therefrom; computing time delay offsets using correlations of PN code windows for each symbol of the original information-bearing signal; determining a high accuracy Time Of Arrival (“TOA”) of the detected carrier signal using the time delay offsets; and using the high accuracy TOA to determine an accurate location of the original information-bearing signal's source of transmission.

We claim: 
     
         1 . A method for determining an accurate location of a signal's source of transmission, comprising:
 demodulating, by a receiver of a communication device, a detected carrier signal modulated with a Pseudo Noise (“PN”) code sequence to obtain an original information-bearing signal therefrom;   computing, by the receiver, time delay offsets using correlations of PN code windows for each symbol of the original information-bearing signal;   determining, by the receiver, a high accuracy Time Of Arrival (“TOA”) of the detected carrier signal using the time delay offsets; and   using, by the receiver, the high accuracy TOA to determine an accurate location of the original information-bearing signal's source of transmission.   
     
     
         2 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the demodulating comprises:
 detecting a phase deviation from the detected carrier signal;   removing the phase deviation from the detected carrier signal;   performing early/late gate tracking to recover symbol timing phase of the detected carrier signal; and   performing demodulation of the detected carrier signal using the recovered symbol timing thereof to extract the original information-bearing signal therefrom.   
     
     
         3 . The method according to  claim 1 , further comprising:
 curve fitting the time delay offsets to construct a fitted curve that has a best fit to a series of data points defining the time delay offsets; and   extrapolating unknown time delay offsets using the fitted curve.   
     
     
         4 . The method according to  claim 3 , wherein the high accuracy TOA is determined using the unknown time delay offsets that were extrapolated using the fitted curve. 
     
     
         5 . The method according to  claim 1 , further comprising refining the high accuracy TOA by:
 determining a satellite position;   computing an atmospheric and relativistic delay that effected the detected carrier signal during transmission thereof using the satellite position; and   applying the atmospheric and relativistic delay to the high accuracy TOA so as to generate a refined TOA.   
     
     
         6 . The method according to  claim 1 , further comprising using the refined TOA to determine an accurate location of the original information-bearing signal's source. 
     
     
         7 . The method according to  claim 1 , wherein the high accuracy TOA is determined by:
 determining through signal detection, a coarse TOA and a coarse Frequency Of Arrival (“FOA”) for a sample of the original information-bearing signal;   performing a multi-stage down conversion process using at least samples associated with the coarse FOA at a point of detection to remove a Doppler effect from the original information-bearing signal;   cross correlating a first set of samples from the original information-bearing signal with the removed Doppler effect to a second set of samples from a local copy of the PN code sequence to determine a cross correlation peak;   using the cross correlation peak to find a first temporal peak center for a pulse for each symbol of the original information-bearing signal;   using the cross correlation peak to find a first temporal peak center for a pulse for each symbol of the original information-bearing signal;   using the first temporal peak center to obtain a set of first estimated symbols;   using the set of first estimated symbols to obtain a value representing twice a center frequency; and   down converting the first set of sample using the center frequency to remove any remaining trace of Doppler effect from the original information-bearing signal.   
     
     
         8 . The method according to  claim 7 , wherein a high resolution TOA process comprises:
 obtaining a correlation peak by cross correlating a third set of samples obtained from the original information-bearing signal with a removed Doppler effect to a fourth set of samples obtained from the local copy of the PN code sequence;   using the second temporal peak center to obtain a set of second estimated symbols;   generating a curve fit using the set of second estimated symbols; and   determining the high accuracy TOA by dividing an intercept value of a sample-by-sample rate, where the intercept value is obtained using the curve fit and samples associated with the coarse TOA.   
     
     
         9 . A method for determining a high accuracy Time Of Arrival (“TOA”), comprising:
 determining a coarse TOA and a coarse FOA for a sample of an original information-bearing signal received at a receiver of a communication device; 
 performing a multi-stage down conversion process using at least samples associated with the coarse FOA at a point of detection to remove a Doppler effect from the original information-bearing signal; 
 cross correlating a first set of samples from the original information-bearing signal with the removed Doppler effect to a second set of samples from a local copy of a Pseudo Noise (“PN”) code to determine a cross correlation peak, where the PN code represents a signal of interest; 
 using the cross correlation peak to find a first temporal peak center for a pulse for each symbol of the original information-bearing signal; 
 using the cross correlation peak to find a first temporal peak center for a pulse for each symbol of the original information-bearing signal; 
 using the first temporal peak center to obtain a set of first estimated symbols; 
 using the set of first estimated symbols to obtain a value representing twice a center frequency; and 
 down converting the first set of samples using the center frequency to remove any remaining trace of Doppler effect from the original information-bearing signal. 
 
     
     
         10 . The method according to  claim 9 , wherein a high resolution TOA process comprises:
 obtaining a correlation peak by cross correlating a third set of samples obtained from the original information-bearing signal with removed Doppler effect to a fourth set of samples obtained from the local copy of the PN code;   using the second temporal peak center to obtain a set of second estimated symbols;   generating a curve fit using the set of second estimated symbols; and   determining the high accuracy TOA by dividing an intercept value of a sample-by-sample rate, where the intercept value is obtained using the curve fit and samples associates with the coarse TOA.   
     
     
         11 . A system, comprising:
 a receiver comprising an electronic circuit configured to:
 demodulate a detected carrier signal modulated with a Pseudo Noise (“PN”) code to obtain an original information-bearing signal therefrom; 
 compute time delay offsets using correlations of PN code windows for each symbol of the original information-bearing signal; 
 determine a high accuracy Time Of Arrival (“TOA”) of the detected carrier signal using the time delay offsets; and 
 use the high accuracy TOA to determine an accurate location of the original information-bearing signal's source of transmission. 
   
     
     
         12 . The system according to  claim 11 , wherein the demodulating comprises:
 detecting a phase deviation from the detected carrier signal;   removing the phase deviation from the detected carrier signal;   performing early/late gate tracking to recover symbol timing phase of the detected carrier signal; and   performing demodulation of the detected carrier signal using the recovered symbol timing thereof to extract the original information-bearing signal therefrom.   
     
     
         13 . The system according to  claim 11 , wherein the electronic circuit is further configured to:
 curve fit the time delay offsets to construct a fitted curve that has a best fit to a series of data points defining the time delay offsets; and   extrapolate unknown time delay offsets using the fitted curve.   
     
     
         14 . The system according to  claim 13 , wherein the high accuracy TOA is determined using the unknown time delay offsets that were extrapolated using the fitted curve. 
     
     
         15 . The system according to  claim 11 , wherein the high accuracy TOA is refined by:
 determining a satellite position;   computing an atmospheric and relativistic delay that effected the detected carrier signal during transmission thereof using the satellite position; and   applying the atmospheric and relativistic delay to the high accuracy TOA so as to generate a refined TOA.   
     
     
         16 . The system according to  claim 11 , wherein the refined TOA is used to determine an accurate location of the original information-bearing signal's source. 
     
     
         17 . The system according to  claim 11 , wherein the high accuracy TOA is determined by:
 determining, through signal detection, a coarse TOA and a coarse Frequency of Arrival (“FOA”) for a sample of the original information-bearing signal;   performing a multi-stage down conversion process using at least samples associated with the coarse FOA at a point of detection to remove a Doppler effect from the original information-bearing signal;   cross correlating a first set of samples from the original information-bearing signal with the removed Doppler effect to a second set of samples from a local copy of the PN code sequence to determine a cross correlation peak;   using the cross correlation peak to find a first temporal peak center for a pulse for each symbol of the original information-bearing signal;   using the cross correlation peak to find a first temporal peak center for a pulse for each symbol of the original information-bearing signal;   using the first temporal peak center to obtain a first estimated symbols;   using the set of first estimated symbols to obtain a value representing twice a center frequency; and   down converting the first set of samples using the center frequency to remove any remaining Doppler effect from the original information-bearing signal   
     
     
         18 . The system according to  claim 17 , wherein a high resolution TOA process comprises:
 obtaining a correlation peak by cross correlating a third set of samples obtained from the original information-bearing signal with removed Doppler effect to a fourth set of samples obtained from the local copy of the PN code sequence;   using the second temporal peak center to obtain a set of second estimated symbols;   generating a curve fit using the set of second estimated symbols; and   determining the high accuracy TOA by dividing an intercept value of a sample-by-sample rate, where the intercept value is obtained using the curve fit and samples associated with the coarse TOA.