Devices and methods for intrabody surgery

Abstract

A method for conducting intrabody surgery by means of a surgical device having a cutting arrangement actuated by a driveshaft and rotationally supported by the guide wire. A receiving cannel extends through the cutting arrangement and movably receives the guidewire. A plurality of sensors is provided within the cutting arrangement to emit signals capable of changing parameters depending on the composition of the occlusion, so as to allow the control unit to generate signals controlling operation of the cutting arrangement. The method includes the steps of detecting parameters within the intrabody area by the sensors to controlling operation of the cutting arrangement with the power and control unit.

What is claimed is: 
     
         1 . A device for intrabody surgery, comprising, a hollow guide wire and a cutting arrangement provided to drill away calcified occlusions in the blood vessel with rotatable driveshaft guided by the guide wire;
 wherein the guide wire is formed as a hollow tube having a plurality of openings along a distal end thereof to facilitate aspiration; the guide wire is used as a conduit for aspiration of occlusion debris produced by the cutting arrangement, and wherein the cutting arrangement is formed with a plurality of apertures enabling debris to be aspired through the apertures into the openings in the guide wire.   
     
     
         2 . A device  claim 1 , further comprising a hollow guide wire having one or more openings along the distal end to facilitate aspiration adapted to aspire and remove debris of occlusion or embolus in the blood vessel. 
     
     
         3 . A device  claim 1 , further comprising a surgical catheter and a sliding member having a spring type mechanism positioned at a distal end of the catheter with a sliding member adapted to move back and forth under pressure to enforce a contact with the occlusion, so as to facilitate catching of the occlusion debris and channeling said debris for aspiration. 
     
     
         4 . A device of  claim 3 , wherein the surgical catheter is provided for destruction of an occlusion in a blood vessel. 
     
     
         5 . A method for conducting intrabody surgery by means of a surgical device, the surgical device comprising a cutting arrangement actuated by a driveshaft and rotationally supported by the guide wire, a receiving cannel extends longitudinally/along a longitudinal axis passing through the central part of the cutting arrangement body and is adapted to movably receive the guide wire there through, a plurality of sensors provided within the cutting arrangement to emit and receive various types type of signals (optical, electromagnetic, acoustical, capacitance measuring) capable of changing parameters depending on the composition of the occlusion, so as to allow the control unit generates signals controlling operation of the cutting arrangement,
 said method comprising the steps of:   detecting one or more parameters within the intrabody area with said sensors and controlling operation of the cutting arrangement with the power and control unit, wherein rotational characteristics of the cutting arrangement are adjusted based on said parameters detected by said sensors.   
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 5 , wherein the apparatus further comprises a detecting arrangement selected from the group consisting of photoelements, photoresistors and photodiodes, and wherein the method further comprises the steps of: using said detecting arrangement, detecting a predetermined condition within the interbody area; when said predetermined condition is detected at said detecting arrangement generating a signal directed to the power and control unit; and responsive to receipt of said signal directed to said power and control unit, producing a correcting signal directed to the control unit to adjust performance of the burr. 
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 5 , wherein said sensors located within at the distal end of the burr are able to determine physical and chemical composition of the occlusion, wherein the computer or microchip associated with the control unit receives and analyzes information/data obtained by the sensors and generates signals to adjust parameters of the power source to optimize speed of rotation of the burr and ultimately optimizes destruction of an occlusion in the intrabody area. 
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 6 , wherein the control unit analyzes information/data obtained by the sensors and generates signals to adjust parameters of the power source to optimize rotational speed and temperature characteristics of the burr. 
     
     
         9 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein the burr is mounted at the end of a flexible drive shaft which transmits torque from a torque-generating device (such as an electric or pneumatic motor), the drive shaft is guided by and surrounds a substantial portion of the hollow guidewire; and multiple ports are formed within the front portion of the burr passing through its body to provide communication between an exterior surface of the burr and a receiving channel. 
     
     
         10 . The device of  claim 9 , wherein the ports provide communication between the exterior cutting exterior surface engaging the occlusion and the apertures of the guide wire disposed within the receiving channel. 
     
     
         11 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein said cutting arrangement is selected from the group comprising: a burr or a plurality of blades rotated by a drive shaft transmitting rotational energy from a power source; sources of high intensity acoustic or ultrasound waves; laser energy or other light energy sources; sources of radiofrequency (RF) energy. 
     
     
         12 . The device of  claim 1 , wherein said cutting arrangement comprises a plurality of acoustic or ultrasound electrodes focused into occlusion, said electrodes forming a grid of multitude of acoustic wave sources. 
     
     
         13 . A guidewire for a device for intravascular surgery, comprising a hollow tubal design in such a way that operator can remotely from the proximal end manipulate and/or bend the distal area of the guide wire to an optimum angle thus targeting it into a required direction within the patient body lumens. 
     
     
         14 . The device of  claim 13 , wherein the action is achieved by pulling a string attached to the distal end of the guide wire from outside and which then enters into the internal hollow part of the guide wire through a hole located at predetermined optimal distance from the distal point of a guide wire. 
     
     
         15 . The device of  claim 13 , wherein the action is achieved by a stiffening mandrel or a specially shaped object that can be inserted through the bore or lumen of a tubular/hollow guide wire to cause a corresponding bend in the tubular guide wire. 
     
     
         16 . The device of  claim 13 , wherein the guidewire that has at the distal end a section bended at the lesser than 90-degree angle to the preceding section of the guide wire with such bended section to be designed to facilitate guidewire entering and passing through difficult vasculature. 
     
     
         17 . The device of  claim 16 , wherein where said section has approximately 2 mm to 30 mm in length. 
     
     
         18 . The device of  claim 17 , wherein said section is spring type resilient so that it keeps its form but easily allow the catheter arrangement to passover the bended area when needed.