Heat pump unit and multi-functional mode control method

Abstract

A heat pump unit, which comprises: a heat pump system comprising a compressor, a refrigeration heat exchanger, a heating heat exchanger, a first heat exchanger, a flow path switching valve and a throttling element, wherein the throttling dement is arranged on a flow path between any two of the heat exchangers; and further comprising a mode switching flow path, wherein a first flow path, a second flow path and a third flow path are arranged and each flow path is controllably conducted or disconnected to realize different functional modes.

1 . A heat pump unit, comprising:
 a heat pump system comprising a compressor, a refrigeration heat exchanger, a heating heat exchanger, a first heat exchanger, a flow path switching valve which is capable of switching a flow direction of refrigerant and a throttling element, wherein the throttling element is arranged on a flow path between any two of the refrigeration heat exchanger, the heating heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger; and further comprising:   a mode switching flow path, wherein a first flow path, a second flow path and a third flow path are arranged in the mode switching flow path and each flow path is controllably conducted or disconnected to realize different functional modes, wherein, under a sole refrigeration mode, a circular flow direction of the refrigerant is from a gas outlet of the compressor to a gas suction port of the compressor through the flow path switching valve, the first heat exchanger, the first flow path of the mode switching flow path and the refrigeration heat exchanger; and/or   under a sole heating mode, the circular flow direction of the refrigerant is from the gas outlet of the compressor to the gas suction port of the compressor through the flow path switching valve, the heating heat exchanger, the second flow path of the mode switching flow path, the first heat exchanger and the flow path switching valve; and/or   under a simultaneous refrigeration and heating mode, the circular flow direction of the refrigerant is from the gas outlet of the compressor to the gas suction port of the compressor through the flow path switching valve, the heating heat exchanger, the third flow path of the mode switching flow path and the refrigeration heat exchanger;   a refrigeration water system exchanging heat with the refrigeration heat exchanger; and a heating water system exchanging heat with the heating heat exchanger.   
     
     
         2 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 1 , wherein
 the first flow path comprises a conducted first one-way valve, a throttling element, a first electromagnetic valve and a conducted second one-way valve which are sequentially connected; and/or   the second flow path comprises a conducted third one-way valve, a throttling element, a second electromagnetic valve and a conducted fourth one-way valve which are sequentially connected; and/or   the third flow path comprises a conducted third one-way valve, a throttling element, a first electromagnetic valve and a conducted second one-way valve which are sequentially connected.   
     
     
         3 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 1 , wherein
 the first flow path comprises a first one-way valve, a throttling element and a first valve capable of being fully closed in two ways which are sequentially connected; and/or   the second flow path comprises a third one-way valve, a throttling element and a second valve capable of being fully closed in two ways which are sequentially connected; and/or   the third flow path comprises a third one-way valve, a throttling element and a first valve capable of being fully closed in two ways which are sequentially connected.   
     
     
         4 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 1 , further comprising a defrosting branch which is connected with a flow path between an outlet of the throttling element and an outlet of the heating heat exchanger; and the defrosting branch is controllably opened or closed to enable or disable a defrosting function. 
     
     
         5 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 4 , wherein a third electromagnetic valve and a fifth one-way valve are arranged on the defrosting branch, wherein the fifth one-way valve is conducted along a flow direction from the throttling element to the heating heat exchanger. 
     
     
         6 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 5 , wherein the fifth one-way valve is arranged downstream of the third electromagnetic valve. 
     
     
         7 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 4 , wherein a third valve capable of being fully closed in two ways is arranged on the defrosting branch. 
     
     
         8 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 3 , wherein the first valve and/or the second valve and/or the third valve are electric ball valves. 
     
     
         9 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 1 , further comprising a fourth electromagnetic valve which is arranged between the flow path switching valve and a second end of the refrigeration heat exchanger, and a hot gas bypass branch; wherein the hot gas bypass branch comprises a first branch section which connects the gas outlet of the compressor and the second end of the refrigeration heat exchanger, and a second branch section which connects a first end of the refrigeration heat exchanger and an inlet of the throttling element; and the hot gas bypass branch together with the fourth electromagnetic valve is controllably conducted or disconnected to enable or disable a hot gas bypass function. 
     
     
         10 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 9 , wherein a fifth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the first branch section and/or a sixth one-way valve is arranged on the second branch section, wherein the sixth one-way valve is conducted along a flow direction from the refrigeration heat exchanger to the throttling element. 
     
     
         11 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 1 , wherein the refrigeration water system comprises a first water loop which is connected between a refrigeration end and the refrigeration heat exchanger; and a first driving part which drives water to circulate in the water loop. 
     
     
         12 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 1 , wherein the heating water system comprises a second water loop which is connected between a heating end and the heating heat exchanger; and a second driving part which drives water to circulate in the water loop. 
     
     
         13 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 12 , wherein the heating end comprises a heat supply end and/or a sanitary hot water end. 
     
     
         14 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 1 , wherein the first flow path and/or the second flow path and/or the third flow path have a common flow path, and the throttling element is arranged on the common flow path. 
     
     
         15 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 14 , further comprising a drier-filter which is arranged on the common flow path and located upstream of the throttling element. 
     
     
         16 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 2 , further comprising a liquid reservoir which is arranged between a location downstream of the heating heat exchanger and the third one-way valve. 
     
     
         17 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 1 , further comprising a gas-liquid separator which is arranged upstream of the gas suction port of the compressor. 
     
     
         18 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 1 , wherein the first heat exchanger is a water-refrigerant heat exchanger or an air-refrigerant heat exchanger. 
     
     
         19 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 1 , wherein the first heat exchanger comprises a V-shaped heat exchange coil. 
     
     
         20 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 1 , wherein
 the flow path switching valve has a first switching position and a second switching position;   at the first switching position, the gas outlet of the compressor is connected to the heating heat exchanger through the flow path switching valve; and/or   at the second switching position, the gas outlet of the compressor is connected to the first heat exchanger through the flow path switching valve.   
     
     
         21 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 1 , wherein the compressor is a scroll compressor or a screw compressor. 
     
     
         22 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 1 , wherein the throttling element is an electronic expansion valve. 
     
     
         23 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 4 , further comprising a gas suction pressure sensor which is arranged at the gas suction port of the compressor and/or a first temperature sensor which is arranged at the position of the first heat exchanger. 
     
     
         24 . The heat pump unit according to  claim 9 , further comprising a first pressure sensor which is arranged in the refrigeration heat exchanger; and/or a liquid level sensor which is arranged in the refrigeration heat exchanger. 
     
     
         25 . A multifunctional mode control method for a heat pump unit, wherein
 the heat pump unit comprises a compressor, a refrigeration heat exchanger, a heating heat exchanger, a first heat exchanger, a flow path switching valve which is capable of switching a flow direction of refrigerant and a throttling element, wherein the throttling element is arranged on a flow path between any two of the refrigeration heat exchanger, the heating heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger; and a refrigeration water system and a heating water system; and further comprises a mode switching flow path, wherein a first flow path, a second flow path and a third flow path are arranged in the mode switching flow path, wherein,   during operation in a sole refrigeration mode, the first flow path of the mode switching flow path is conducted, and the second flow path and the third flow path of the mode switching flow path are disconnected; a circular flow direction of the refrigerant is from a gas outlet of the compressor to a gas suction port of the compressor through the flow path switching valve, the first heat exchanger, the first flow path of the mode switching flow path and the refrigeration heat exchanger; and at this moment, the refrigeration water system exchanges heat with the refrigeration heat exchanger; and/or   during operation in a sole heating mode, the second flow path of the mode switching flow path is conducted, and the first flow path and the third flow path of the mode switching flow path are disconnected; the circular flow direction of the refrigerant is from the gas outlet of the compressor to the gas suction port of the compressor through the flow path switching valve, the heating heat exchanger, the second flow path of the mode switching flow path, the first heat exchanger and the flow path switching valve; and at this moment, the heating water system exchanges heat with the heating heat exchanger; and/or   during operation in a simultaneous refrigeration and heating mode, the third flow path of the mode switching flow path is conducted, and the first flow path and the second flow path of the mode switching flow path are disconnected; the circular flow direction of the refrigerant is from the gas outlet of the compressor to the gas suction port of the compressor through the flow path switching valve, the heating heat exchanger, the third flow path of the mode switching flow path and the refrigeration heat exchanger; and at this moment, the refrigeration water system and the heating water system respectively exchange heat with the refrigeration heat exchanger and the heating heat exchanger.   
     
     
         26 . The multifunctional mode control method for the heat pump unit according to  claim 25 , wherein the heating water system comprises a heat supply end and/or a sanitary hot water end; the sole heating mode further comprises a heat supply mode and/or a sanitary hot water mode;
 during operation in the heat supply mode, the heat supply end exchanges heat with the heating heat exchanger; and/or   during operation in the sanitary hot water mode, the sanitary hot water end exchanges heat with the heating heat exchanger.   
     
     
         27 . The multifunctional mode control method for the heat pump unit according to  claim 25 , wherein the heating water system comprises a heat supply end and/or a sanitary hot water end; the simultaneous refrigeration and heating mode further comprises a simultaneous refrigeration and heat supply mode and/or a simultaneous refrigeration and sanitary hot water mode;
 during operation in the simultaneous refrigeration and heat supply mode, the heat supply end exchanges heat with the heating heat exchanger; and/or   during operation in the simultaneous refrigeration and sanitary hot water mode, the sanitary hot water end exchanges heat with the heating heat exchanger.   
     
     
         28 . The multifunctional mode control method for the heat pump unit according to  claim 25 , wherein a first electromagnetic valve and a second electromagnetic valve are further arranged in the mode switching flow path;
 when the first electromagnetic valve is conducted, the second electromagnetic valve is disconnected, and when the flow path switching valve is switched to a second switching position, the first flow path of the mode switching flow path is conducted and the second flow path and the third flow path of the mode switching flow path are disconnected; and/or   when the second electromagnetic valve is conducted, the first electromagnetic valve is disconnected, and when the flow path switching valve is switched to a first switching position, the second flow path of the mode switching flow path is conducted and the first flow path and the third flow path of the mode switching flow path are disconnected; and/or   when the first electromagnetic valve is conducted, the second electromagnetic valve is disconnected, and when the flow path switching valve is switched to a first switching position, the third flow path of the mode switching flow path is conducted and the first flow path and the second flow path of the mode switching flow path are disconnected.   
     
     
         29 . The multifunctional mode control method for the heat pump unit according to  claim 25 , further comprising a defrosting branch which is connected between an outlet of the throttling element and an outlet of the heating heat exchanger;
 wherein when a defrosting mode is enabled, the defrosting branch is conducted, the circular flow direction of the refrigerant is from the gas outlet of the compressor to the gas suction port of the compressor through the flow path switching valve, the first heat exchanger, the throttling element, the defrosting branch, the heating heat exchanger and the flow path switching valve; and at this moment, high-temperature gaseous refrigerant flows to the first heat exchanger to perform defrosting on the first heat exchanger.   
     
     
         30 . The multifunctional mode control method for the heat pump unit according to  claim 29 , wherein the defrosting branch comprises a third electromagnetic valve and a fifth one-way valve, wherein the fifth one-way valve is conducted along a flow direction from the throttling element to the heating heat exchanger; and when the defrosting mode is enabled, the third electromagnetic valve is conducted, the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are disconnected, and the flow path switching valve is switched to the second switching position. 
     
     
         31 . The multifunctional mode control method for the heat pump unit according to  claim 29 , further comprising a gas suction pressure sensor which is arranged at the gas suction port of the compressor;
 wherein when the gas suction pressure is smaller than a first pressure threshold, the first heat exchange is frosted and at this moment the defrosting mode is enabled.   
     
     
         32 . The multifunctional mode control method for the heat pump unit according to  claim 29 , further comprising a first temperature sensor which is arranged at the position of the first heat exchanger;
 wherein when a difference between the first temperature and ambient temperature is small than a first temperature threshold, the first heat exchanger is frosted and at this moment the defrosting mode is enabled.   
     
     
         33 . The multifunctional mode control method for the heat pump unit according to  claim 25 , further comprising a fourth electromagnetic valve which is arranged between the flow path switching valve and a second end of the refrigeration heat exchanger; and a hot gas bypass branch, wherein the hot gas bypass branch comprises a first branch section which connects the gas outlet of the compressor and the second end of the refrigeration heat exchanger, and a second branch section which connects a first end of the refrigeration heat exchanger and an inlet of the throttling element;
 when a hot gas bypass mode is enabled, the hot gas bypass branch is conducted, and the circular flow direction of the refrigerant is from the gas outlet of the compressor to the gas suction port of the compressor through the first branch section, the refrigeration heat exchanger, the second branch section, the throttling element, the first heat exchanger and the flow path switching valve; and at this moment, high-temperature gaseous refrigerant flows to the refrigeration heat exchanger and squeezes out liquid refrigerant in the refrigeration heat exchanger.   
     
     
         34 . The multifunctional mode control method for the heat pump unit according to  claim 33 , further comprising a fifth electromagnetic valve which is arranged on the first branch section and/or a sixth one-way valve which is arranged on the second branch section;
 wherein when the hot gas bypass mode is enabled, the fifth electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are conducted, the first electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve are disconnected, and the flow path switching valve is switched to the second switching position.   
     
     
         35 . The multifunctional mode control method for the heat pump unit according to  claim 33 , further comprising a first pressure sensor which is arranged in the refrigeration heat exchanger;
 wherein when an internal pressure of the refrigeration heat exchanger is smaller than a second pressure threshold, liquid refrigerant starts to be accumulated in the refrigeration heat exchanger and at this moment the hot gas bypass mode is enabled.   
     
     
         36 . The multifunctional mode control method for the heat pump unit according to  claim 33 , further comprising a liquid level sensor which is arranged in the refrigeration heat exchanger;
 wherein when a liquid level in the refrigeration heat exchanger is greater than a first liquid level threshold, liquid refrigerant starts to be accumulated in the refrigeration heat exchanger and at this moment the hot gas bypass mode is enabled.