Spark ignition type internal combustion engine

Abstract

A control system of an internal combustion engine includes an S/V ratio changing mechanism able to change an S/V ratio of a combustion chamber and a detection device having an output value changing in accordance with a hydrogen concentration in exhaust gas, which increases along with an increase in the S/V ratio, the internal combustion engine being controlled by the output value of the detection device. Further, the output value of the detection device or a parameter relating to operation of the internal combustion engine is corrected in accordance with the S/V ratio of the above S/V ratio changing mechanism.

1 . A control system of an internal combustion engine comprising:
 an S/V ratio changing mechanism that changes an S/V ratio of a combustion chamber;   a three-way catalyst which is arranged in an engine exhaust passage;   an oxygen sensor or an air-fuel ratio sensor that is arranged upstream of the three-way catalyst in the engine exhaust passage and that is to output an output value changing in accordance with a hydrogen concentration in exhaust gas, which increases along with an increase in the S/V ratio; and   a controller configured to control an air-fuel ratio of gas corresponding to the output value of the oxygen sensor or the air-fuel ratio sensor to be leaner so that the air-fuel ratio of gas which flows into the three-way catalyst is closer to a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio when the air-fuel ratio of gas corresponding to the output value of the oxygen sensor or the air-fuel ratio sensor is low than when the air-fuel ratio of gas is high, and so that a lean changing degree of the air-fuel ratio of gas corresponding to the output value of the oxygen sensor or the air-fuel ratio sensor is larger when the S/V ratio is high than when the S/V ratio is low.   
     
     
         2 . The control system of the internal combustion engine as set forth in  claim 1 , wherein the oxygen sensor or the air-fuel ratio sensor includes an upstream side sensor which is arranged at an upstream side of the three-way catalyst and a downstream side sensor which is arranged at a downstream side of said three-way catalyst, an amount of fuel feed is corrected based on an output value of the upstream side sensor so that the actual air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas becomes a target air-fuel ratio, when the output value of the upstream side sensor deviates from an actual air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas, the output value of the upstream side sensor or the amount of fuel feed is corrected based on an output value of the downstream side sensor, and
 an amount of correction of the output value of the upstream side sensor or the amount of fuel feed based on the output value of the downstream side sensor is corrected in accordance with the S/V ratio of the S/V ratio changing mechanism, wherein   each of the upstream side sensor and the downstream side sensor is an oxygen sensor or an air-fuel ratio sensor.   
     
     
         3 . The control system of the internal combustion engine as set forth in  claim 1 , wherein the S/V ratio changing mechanism is a variable compression ratio mechanism which changes a mechanical compression ratio. 
     
     
         4 . The control system of the internal combustion engine as set forth in  claim 3 , further comprising a variable valve timing mechanism which controls a closing timing of an intake valve, wherein an amount of intake air which is fed into the combustion chamber is mainly controlled by changing the closing timing of the intake valve, and the mechanical compression ratio is made higher at a time of engine low load operation compared with a time of engine high load operation. 
     
     
         5 . The control system of the internal combustion engine as set forth in  claim 3 , wherein, at a time of engine low load operation, the mechanical compression ratio is made a maximum mechanical compression ratio. 
     
     
         6 . The control system of the internal combustion engine as set forth in  claim 3 , wherein, at a time of engine low load operation, an expansion ratio is made 20 or more. 
     
     
         7 . The control system of the internal combustion engine as set forth in  claim 1 , further comprising:
 a variable valve timing mechanism which controls a closing timing of an intake valve; and   an EGR valve which opens and closes an EGR passage which connects an engine intake passage and the engine exhaust passage,   wherein the controller is further configured to:
 calculate an amount of correction of the output value of the oxygen sensor or the air-fuel ratio sensor or a target air-fuel ratio for compensating for a deviation amount between the output value of the oxygen sensor or the air-fuel ratio sensor and an actual air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas due to a change of the hydrogen concentration in the exhaust gas due to a change of the closing timing of the intake valve, based on the closing timing of the intake valve; 
 calculate an amount of correction of the output value of the oxygen sensor or the air-fuel ratio sensor or the target air-fuel ratio for compensating for the deviation amount between the output value of the oxygen sensor or the air-fuel ratio sensor and the actual air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas due to a change of the hydrogen concentration in the exhaust gas due to a change of an opening degree of the EGR valve, based on the opening degree of the EGR valve; and 
 correct the output value of the oxygen sensor or the air-fuel ratio sensor or the target air-fuel ratio based on the amount of correction which is calculated on the basis of the closing timing of the intake valve, and the amount of correction which is calculated on the basis of the opening degree of the EGR valve. 
   
     
     
         8 . The control system of the internal combustion engine as set forth in  claim 1 , wherein the S/V ratio changing mechanism includes at least one cam shaft that engages with a cylinder block that includes the combustion chamber, so that the cylinder block is movable. 
     
     
         9 . A control system of an internal combustion engine comprising:
 an S/V ratio changing mechanism that changes an S/V ratio of a combustion chamber;   a three-way catalyst which is arranged in an engine exhaust passage;   an oxygen sensor or an air-fuel ratio sensor that is arranged upstream of the three-way catalyst in the engine exhaust passage and that is to output an output value changing in accordance with a hydrogen concentration in exhaust gas, which increases along with an increase in the S/V ratio; and   a controller configured to control the output value of the oxygen sensor or the air-fuel ratio sensor so that:
 when the air-fuel ratio of gas which flows into the three-way catalyst is a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, the output value of the air-fuel ratio sensor is made smaller when the S/V ratio is high than when the S/V ratio is low, or 
 when the air-fuel ratio of gas which flows into the three-way catalyst is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, the output value of the oxygen sensor is made larger when the S/V ratio is high than when the S/V ratio is low. 
   
     
     
         10 . The control system of the internal combustion engine as set forth in  claim 9 , wherein the oxygen sensor or the air-fuel ratio sensor includes an upstream side sensor which is arranged at an upstream side of the three-way catalyst and a downstream side sensor which is arranged at a downstream side of said three-way catalyst, an amount of fuel feed is corrected based on an output value of the upstream side sensor so that the actual air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas becomes a target air-fuel ratio, when the output value of the upstream side sensor deviates from an actual air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas, the output value of the upstream side sensor or the amount of fuel feed is corrected based on an output value of the downstream side sensor, and
 an amount of correction of the output value of the upstream side sensor or the amount of fuel feed based on the output value of the downstream side sensor is corrected in accordance with the S/V ratio of the S/V ratio changing mechanism, wherein 
 each of the upstream side sensor and the downstream side sensor is an oxygen sensor or an air-fuel ratio sensor. 
 
     
     
         11 . The control system of the internal combustion engine as set forth in  claim 9 , wherein the S/V ratio changing mechanism is a variable compression ratio mechanism which changes a mechanical compression ratio. 
     
     
         12 . The control system of the internal combustion engine as set forth in  claim 11 , further comprising a variable valve timing mechanism which controls a closing timing of an intake valve, wherein an amount of intake air which is fed into the combustion chamber is mainly controlled by changing the closing timing of the intake valve, and the mechanical compression ratio is made higher at a time of engine low load operation compared with a time of engine high load operation. 
     
     
         13 . The control system of the internal combustion engine as set forth in  claim 11 , wherein, at a time of engine low load operation, the mechanical compression ratio is made a maximum mechanical compression ratio. 
     
     
         14 . The control system of the internal combustion engine as set forth in  claim 11 , wherein, at a time of engine low load operation, an expansion ratio is made 20 or more. 
     
     
         15 . The control system of the internal combustion engine as set forth in  claim 9 , further comprising:
 a variable valve timing mechanism which controls a closing timing of an intake valve; and   an EGR valve which opens and closes an EGR passage which connects an engine intake passage and the engine exhaust passage,   wherein the controller is further configured to:
 calculate an amount of correction of the output value of the oxygen sensor or the air-fuel ratio sensor or a target air-fuel ratio for compensating for a deviation amount between the output value of the oxygen sensor or the air-fuel ratio sensor and an actual air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas due to a change of the hydrogen concentration in the exhaust gas due to a change of the closing timing of the intake valve, based on the closing timing of the intake valve; 
 calculate an amount of correction of the output value of the oxygen sensor or the air-fuel ratio sensor or the target air-fuel ratio for compensating for the deviation amount between the output value of the oxygen sensor or the air-fuel ratio sensor and the actual air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas due to a change of the hydrogen concentration in the exhaust gas due to a change of an opening degree of the EGR valve, based on the opening degree of the EGR valve; and 
 correct the output value of the oxygen sensor or the air-fuel ratio sensor or the target air-fuel ratio based on the amount of correction which is calculated on the basis of the closing timing of the intake valve, and the amount of correction which is calculated on the basis of the opening degree of the EGR valve. 
   
     
     
         16 . The control system of the internal combustion engine as set forth in  claim 9 , wherein the S/V ratio changing mechanism includes at least one cam shaft that engages with a cylinder block that includes the combustion chamber, so that the cylinder block is movable.