Device comprising lateral injections of liquid for limiting the phenomena of solid deposits in items of equipment with a conical bottom

Abstract

A device for the descending flow of a hydrocarbon-containing liquid containing solid particles at the bottom of an item of equipment ( 1 ) and a process for the conversion of hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks implementing said device.

1 . Device for the descending flow of a hydrocarbon-containing liquid containing solid particles at the bottom of an item of equipment ( 1 ) comprising a cylindrical upper part ( 11 ) of diameter D 1 , a truncated-cone-shaped lower part ( 12 ) with an angle of inclination a comprised between 5° and 85° with respect to the vertical axis (z) of said cylindrical upper part, an outlet pipe ( 9 ) of diameter D 2 , characterized in that it comprises:
 at least one injection ( 5 ) of recycled and/or makeup liquid into the truncated-cone-shaped part ( 12 ) of the item of equipment ( 1 ); 
 at least one injection ( 6 ) of recycled and/or makeup liquid into the cylindrical part ( 11 ) of the item of equipment ( 1 ); 
 said injection or injections ( 5 ) situated in said truncated-cone-shaped part being inclined with respect to the wall of the truncated-cone-shaped lower part at an angle β 1  in the vertical plane (xz) and at an angle β 2  in the horizontal plane (xy); said injection or injections ( 6 ) situated in said cylindrical part being inclined with respect to the wall of the cylindrical upper part at an angle θ 1  in the vertical plane (xz) and at an angle θ 2  in the horizontal plane (xy), the angles β 1  and θ 1  being comprised between 5° and 175°, the angles β 2  and θ 2  being comprised between 90° and 270°. 
 
     
     
         2 . Device according to  claim 1  comprising a pipe ( 4 ) for recycling a part of the liquid leaving said outlet pipe ( 9 ), said recycling pipe ( 4 ) supplying recycled liquid to at least one of said injections ( 5 ) or ( 6 ). 
     
     
         3 . Device according to  claim 1  comprising a makeup pipe ( 10 ) for supplying makeup liquid to at least one of said injections ( 5 ) or ( 6 ). 
     
     
         4 . Device according to  claim 1  in which said injections are distributed by horizontal layers ( 7 ) in the truncated-cone-shaped part and by horizontal layers ( 8 ) in the cylindrical part respectively. 
     
     
         5 . Device according to  claim 1  in which the ratio between the diameter D 1  of the cylindrical part and the diameter D 2  of the outlet pipe at the bottom of the truncated-cone-shaped part (D 1 /D 2 ) is comprised between 1.1 and 1000, preferably between 2 and 500 and preferably between 3 and 100. 
     
     
         6 . Device according to  claim 1  in which the angle α is comprised between 10° and 70°, preferably between 15° and 60° and very preferably between 30° and 50°. 
     
     
         7 . Device according to  claim 1  in which the angles β 1  and θ 1  are comprised between 10° and 150°, very preferably between 15° and 120°, more preferably between 15° and 90° and yet more preferably between 20° and 60°. 
     
     
         8 . Device according to  claim 1  in which the angles β 2  and θ 2  are comprised between 90° and 180°. 
     
     
         9 . Device according to  claim 8  in which the angles β 2  and θ 2  are equal to 90°. 
     
     
         10 . Device according to  claim 1  in which the diameter D 1  is comprised between 0.1 m and 30 m, preferably between 0.5 m and 20 m, and very preferably between 1 m and 10 m. 
     
     
         11 . Device according to  claim 4  in which the height H between two horizontal layers is comprised between 0.01 m and 10 m, preferably between 0.05 m and 5 m and very preferably between 0.1 m and 1 m. 
     
     
         12 . Device according to  claim 4  in which the number of injections N per layer is comprised between 1 and 30. 
     
     
         13 . Device according to  claim 12  in which the number of injections per layer is comprised between 2 and 20, said injections within one and the same layer being spaced at an angle δ equal to 360/N where N denotes the number of injections per layer. 
     
     
         14 . Device according to  claim 13  in which the number of injections per layer is comprised between 2 and 10, preferably between 2 and 6. 
     
     
         15 . Device according to  claim 1  in which said item of equipment is a means for the separation of gas/liquid allowing hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks to be treated. 
     
     
         16 . Process for the conversion of hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks implementing a device according to  claim 1 . 
     
     
         17 . Process according to  claim 16  implementing a hydroconversion step in an ebullating bed for feedstocks containing hydrocarbon fractions of which at least 50% by weight have a boiling temperature greater than 300° C. 
     
     
         18 . Process according to  claim 16  in which the velocity V of the liquid injected in said injections is comprised between 0.05 m·s −1  and 40 m·s −1 , preferably between 0.1 m·s −1  and 30 m·s −1  and very preferably between 0.5 m·s −1  and 10 m·s −1 . 
     
     
         19 . Process according to  claim 16  in which the injection rate of recycled and/or makeup liquid with respect to the hydrocarbon-containing liquid circulating in the item of equipment is comprised between 1% and 400%, preferably between 5% and 100%, very preferably between 10% and 60% and yet more preferably between 20 and 50%.