Method for producing an oil well

Abstract

This disclosure addresses the vibration problems that occur during drilling operations. Due to the rotational motion effected on the drill string while drilling, vibrations occur, and when these vibrations become excessive, the drill string may oscillate in a manner that could damage the pipes and damage other tools attached to the drill string. Machine learning is used to identify the vibration prone zones and provide recommendations to the driller to change the operating weight on bit (WOB) and rotation speed (RPM) to achieve drilling efficiency while reducing the possibility of damages downhole.

1 . A method for producing an oil well, the method comprising:
 a. drilling into the Earth, the drilling being effected by a drill string, the drill string having a drill bit;   b. obtaining real-time data from the drill string, the real-time data comprising, measured depth, drilling time, drill bit depth, weight on drill bit (WOB) data, revolution per minute (RPM) data, torque (TOR) data and rate of penetration (ROP) data;   c. in accordance with the real-time data and in accordance with pre-determined rules, obtaining a drill string data classification scheme, which defines an optimum drilling parameter zone;   d. performing a principal component analysis (PCA) of the real-time data, to obtain a set of principle components associated to the real-time data;   e. selecting a subset of the set of principle components;   f. in accordance with the subset of principles components, performing an inverse of the PCA, to obtain modified data;   g. classifying the modified data in accordance with the drill string data classification scheme, to obtain classified modified data;   h. comparing the classified modified data to the optimum drilling parameter zone, to obtain a comparison result; and   i. adjusting at least one of the WOB and the RPM in accordance with the comparison result.   
     
     
         2 . The method of  claim 1  further comprising:
 displaying the classified modified data and the optimum drilling parameter zone. 
 
     
     
         3 . The method of  claim 1  further comprising:
 performing a quantitative risk analysis (QRA) of the real-time data to in accordance with the real-time data, to obtain QRA results; and 
 reducing a size of the optimum drilling parameter zone in accordance with the QRA results, to obtain a safe drilling parameter zone, 
 wherein comparing the modified data to the optimum drilling parameter zone consists in comparing the modified data to the safe drilling parameter zone. 
 
     
     
         4 . The method of  claim 3  further comprising:
 determining a centroid of the safe drilling parameter zone, wherein comparing the modified data to the optimum drilling parameter zone consists in comparing the modified data to WOB and RPM values of the centroid. 
 
     
     
         5 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein the pre-determined rules include rules for determining a lower WOB limit, an upper WOB limit, a lower RPM limit and an upper RPM limit. 
     
     
         6 . The method of  claim 5 , wherein the rule for determining the upper RPM limit includes:
 in accordance with the real-time data:
 calculating a mean RPM; and 
 increasing the average RPM by 10% three, three times. 
   
     
     
         7 . The method of  claim 6 , wherein the rule for determining the upper RPM limit further includes:
 reducing the value obtained by increasing the average RPM by 10% three by 0.95*mean(RPM))/3.   
     
     
         8 . The method of  claim 4 , wherein the rule for determining the lower RPM is based on a determination of a mechanical specific energy. 
     
     
         9 . The method of  claim 4 , wherein the rule for determining the lower WOB is based on a hardness of a formation being drilled. 
     
     
         10 . The method of  claim 4 , wherein the rule for determining the upper WOB is based on a determined stick slip index. 
     
     
         11 . The method of  claim 1 , wherein comparing and adjusting are automated actions. 
     
     
         12 . The method of  claim 1 , further comprising:
 periodically repeating the actions b through i, as the drilling progresses.