Non-aqueous electrolytic solution and lithium battery

Abstract

A non-aqueous electrolytic solution comprising a non-aqueous solvent and an electrolyte, which further contains a combination of a nitrile compound and an S═O group-containing compound (or a dinitrile compound) in an amount of 0.001 to 10 wt. % imparts improved cycle performance and storage property to a lithium battery, particularly a lithium secondary battery.

1 : A non-aqueous electrolytic solution, comprising:
 a non-aqueous solvent;   from 0.01 to 5 by weight of at least one of adiponitrile, succinonitrile or glutaronitrile, based on a total weight of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution; and   from 0.2 to 3 by weight of 1,3-propanesultone, based on a total weight of the non-aqueous electrolytic solution.   
     
     
         2 : The non-aqueous electrolytic solution of  claim 1 , wherein the non-aqueous solvent comprises 20 to 50 volume percent of a cyclic carbonate, based on a total volume of the non-aqueous solvent. 
     
     
         3 : The non-aqueous electrolytic solution of  claim 2 , wherein the cyclic carbonate comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, and butylene carbonate. 
     
     
         4 : The non-aqueous electrolytic solution of  claim 3 , wherein the cyclic carbonate further comprises vinylene carbonate. 
     
     
         5 : The non-aqueous electrolytic solution of  claim 1 , wherein the non-aqueous solvent comprises 50 to 80 volume percent of a linear carbonate, based on a total volume of the non-aqueous solvent. 
     
     
         6 : The non-aqueous electrolytic solution of  claim 5 , wherein the linear carbonate comprise at least one selected from the group consisting of dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, and dibutyl carbonate. 
     
     
         7 : The non-aqueous electrolytic solution of  claim 5 , in which the linear carbonate comprises methyl ethyl carbonate. 
     
     
         8 : A lithium secondary battery, comprising:
 a positive electrode;   a negative electrode comprising a carbonaceous material of graphite crystal structure having a lattice distance of lattice surface (002) of 0.34 nanometer or less; and   the non-aqueous electrolytic solution of  claim 1 .   
     
     
         9 : The lithium secondary battery of  claim 8 , wherein the positive electrode comprises a lithium element and a complex metal oxide containing one metal element selected from the group consisting of cobalt, manganese, nickel, chromium, iron, and vanadium. 
     
     
         10 : The lithium secondary battery of  claim 9 , wherein the complex metal oxide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of LiCoO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiNiO 2  and LiCo 1-x Ni x O 2  (0.01<x<1). 
     
     
         11 : A lithium secondary battery, comprising:
 a positive electrode;   a negative electrode comprising a carbonaceous material of graphite crystal structure having a lattice distance of lattice surface (002) of 0.34 nanometer or less; and   the non-aqueous electrolytic solution of  claim 2 .   
     
     
         12 : The lithium secondary battery of  claim 11 , wherein the positive electrode comprises a lithium element and a complex metal oxide containing one metal element selected from the group consisting of cobalt, manganese, nickel, chromium, iron, and vanadium. 
     
     
         13 : The lithium secondary battery of  claim 12 , wherein the complex metal oxide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of LiCoO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiNiO 2  and LiCo 1-x Ni x O 2  (0.01<x<1). 
     
     
         14 : A lithium secondary battery, comprising:
 a positive electrode;   a negative electrode comprising a carbonaceous material of graphite crystal structure having a lattice distance of lattice surface (002) of 0.34 nanometer or less; and   the non-aqueous electrolytic solution of  claim 3 .   
     
     
         15 : The lithium secondary battery of  claim 14 , wherein the positive electrode comprises a lithium element and a complex metal oxide containing one metal element selected from the group consisting of cobalt, manganese, nickel, chromium, iron, and vanadium. 
     
     
         16 : The lithium secondary battery of  claim 15 , wherein the complex metal oxide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of LiCoO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiNiO 2  and LiCo 1-x Ni x O 2  (0.01<x<1). 
     
     
         17 : A lithium secondary battery, comprising:
 a positive electrode;   a negative electrode comprising a carbonaceous material of graphite crystal structure having a lattice distance of lattice surface (002) of 0.34 nanometer or less; and   the non-aqueous electrolytic solution of  claim 4 .   
     
     
         18 : The lithium secondary battery of  claim 17 , wherein the positive electrode comprises a lithium element and a complex metal oxide containing one metal element selected from the group consisting of cobalt, manganese, nickel, chromium, iron, and vanadium. 
     
     
         19 : The lithium secondary battery of  claim 18 , wherein the complex metal oxide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of LiCoO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiNiO 2  and LiCo 1-x Ni x O 2  (0.01<x<1).