Compositions for Treating Ectopic Calcification Disorders, and Methods Using Same

Abstract

The present invention includes compositions and methods for treating disease and disorders associated with pathological calcification or pathological ossification.

1 . An isolated polypeptide of formula (I), or a pharmaceutical salt or solvate thereof:
   EXPORT-PROTEIN-Z-DOMAIN-X-Y   (I),
   wherein:   EXPORT is absent, or a signal export sequence or a biologically active fragment thereof;   PROTEIN is the extracellular domain of ENPP3 (SEQ ID NO:1) or a biologically active fragment thereof;   DOMAIN is selected from the group consisting of a human IgG Fc domain and human albumin domain;   X and Z are independently absent or a polypeptide comprising 1-20 amino acids; and, Y is absent or is a sequence selected from the group consisting of: (DSS) n  (SEQ ID NO:6), (ESS) n  (SEQ ID NO:7), (RQQ) n  (SEQ ID NO:8), (KR) n  (SEQ ID NO:9), (SEQ ID NO:10), (KR) n  (SEQ ID NO:11), DSSSEEKFLRRIGRFG (SEQ ID NO:12), EEEEEEEPRGDT (SEQ ID NO:13), APWHLSSQYSRT (SEQ ID NO:14), STLPIPHEFSRE (SEQ ID NO:15), VTKHLNQISQSY (SEQ ID NO:16), E n  (SEQ ID NO:17), and D n  (SEQ ID NO:18), wherein each occurrence of n is independently an integer ranging from 1 to 20.   
     
     
         2 . The polypeptide of  claim 1 , wherein the nuclease domain of the PROTEIN or mutant thereof is absent. 
     
     
         3 . The polypeptide of  claim 1 , wherein EXPORT is absent or selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs:2-5. 
     
     
         4 . The polypeptide of  claim 1 , wherein X and Z are independently selected from the group consisting of: absent, a polypeptide consisting of 20 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 19 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 18 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 17 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 16 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 15 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 14 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 13 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 12 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 11 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 10 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 9 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 8 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 7 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 6 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 5 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 4 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 3 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 2 amino acids, and a polypeptide consisting of 1 amino acid. 
     
     
         5 . The polypeptide of  claim 1 , wherein DOMAIN is a human IgG Fc domain selected from the group consisting of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4. 
     
     
         6 . The polypeptide of  claim 5 , which is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs:19, 21 and 22. 
     
     
         7 . The polypeptide of  claim 1 , wherein DOMAIN is a human albumin domain. 
     
     
         8 . The polypeptide of  claim 7 , which is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs:24, 25 and 26. 
     
     
         9 . An isolated polypeptide comprising a soluble region of ENPP3 and lacking a transmembrane domain and a signal peptide, or a fusion protein thereof, wherein the polypeptide reduces cellular calcification when administered to a subject suffering from diseases of calcification and ossification. 
     
     
         10 . The polypeptide of  claim 9 , which comprises the extracellular domain of ENPP3 (SEQ ID NO:1) or a biologically active fragment thereof. 
     
     
         11 . The polypeptide of  claim 10 , which consists essentially of SEQ ID NO:1 or a biologically active fragment thereof. 
     
     
         12 . A method of treating or preventing a disease or disorder associated with pathological calcification or pathological ossification in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of at least one isolated polypeptide of  claim 1 . 
     
     
         13 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the disease or disorder comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of general arterial calcification of infancy (GACI), idiopathic infantile arterial calcification (IIAC), pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), OPLL, hypophosphatemic rickets, osteoarthritis, calcification of atherosclerotic plaques, pseudoxanthoma elasticum, hereditary and non-hereditary forms of osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, hardening of the arteries occurring with aging, and calciphylaxis resulting from end stage renal disease (or mineral bone disorder of chronic kidney disease). 
     
     
         14 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the nuclease domain of the PROTEIN or mutant thereof is absent. 
     
     
         15 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein EXPORT is absent or selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID Nos:2-5. 
     
     
         16 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein X and Z are independently selected from the group consisting of: absent, a polypeptide consisting of 20 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 19 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 18 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 17 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 16 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 15 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 14 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 13 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 12 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 11 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 10 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 9 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 8 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 7 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 6 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 5 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 4 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 3 amino acids, a polypeptide consisting of 2 amino acids, and a polypeptide consisting of 1 amino acid. 
     
     
         17 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the at least one polypeptide is administered acutely or chronically to the subject. 
     
     
         18 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the at least one polypeptide is administered locally, regionally or systemically to the subject. 
     
     
         19 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein DOMAIN is a human IgG Fc domain selected from the group consisting of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4. 
     
     
         20 . The method of  claim 19 , wherein the at least one polypeptide is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs:19, 21 and 22. 
     
     
         21 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein DOMAIN is a human albumin domain. 
     
     
         22 . The method of  claim 21 , wherein the at least one polypeptide is selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs:24, 25 and 26. 
     
     
         23 . The method of  claim 12 , wherein the subject is a mammal. 
     
     
         24 . The method of  claim 23 , wherein the mammal is human. 
     
     
         25 . A method of reducing or preventing vascular calcification in a subject with low plasma pyrophosphate (PPi) or high serum phosphate (Pi), the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an isolated recombinant human soluble ENPP3 fragment or fusion protein thereof, wherein the administered amount raises the level of plasma PPi in the subject to at least about 800 nM. 
     
     
         26 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein the administered amount raises the level of plasma PPi in the subject to at least about 1 μM. 
     
     
         27 . The method of  claim 26 , wherein the administered amount raises the level of plasma PPi in the subject to at least about 1.5 μM. 
     
     
         28 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein the subject has at least one disease selected from a group consisting of GACI, IIAC, PXE, OPLL, MWVC, ARHR2, ESRD, CKD-MBD, XLH, age related osteopenia, CUA and hypophosphatemic rickets. 
     
     
         29 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein the soluble ENPP3 fragment or fusion protein thereof comprises the extracellular domain of ENPP3 (SEQ ID NO:1) or a biologically active fragment thereof. 
     
     
         30 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein the soluble ENPP3 fragment consists essentially of SEQ ID NO:1 or a biologically active fragment thereof. 
     
     
         31 . The method of  claim 25 , wherein the soluble ENPP3 fragment or fusion protein thereof lacks a transmembrane domain and a signal peptide. 
     
     
         32 . A method of treating of a subject having ENPP1 deficiency or ENPP1-associated disease, the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an isolated recombinant human soluble ENPP3 fragment or fusion protein thereof. 
     
     
         33 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein the subject has at least one disease selected from a group consisting of GACI, IIAC, PXE, OPLL, MWVC, ARHR2, ESRD, CKD-MBD, XLH, age related osteopenia, CUA and hypophosphatemic rickets. 
     
     
         34 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein the soluble ENPP3 fragment or fusion protein thereof comprises the extracellular domain of ENPP3 (SEQ ID NO:1) or a biologically active fragment thereof. 
     
     
         35 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein the soluble ENPP3 fragment consists essentially of SEQ ID NO:1 or a biologically active fragment thereof. 
     
     
         36 . The method of  claim 32 , wherein the soluble ENPP3 fragment or fusion protein thereof lacks a transmembrane domain and a signal peptide. 
     
     
         37 - 38 . (canceled)